T 3: SILENT CINEMA Phases of Silent Cinema PD Mag. Dr. Claus Tieber Modes of Production •1896 – 1907 „Cameraman“ System •1907 – 1909 Director System •1909 – 1914 Director Unit System •1914 – 1931 Central Producer System PD Mag. Dr. Claus Tieber Edwin S. Porter ■Jack and the Beanstalk (June 1902) ■Life of an American Fireman (Nov. 1902 - Jan. 1903) PD Mag. Dr. Claus Tieber Length PD Mag. Dr. Claus Tieber Biograph PD Mag. Dr. Claus Tieber Uncle Tom‘s Cabin ■1903 ■Porter ■First intertitles (in film) PD Mag. Dr. Claus Tieber uncletom.jpg 00031149 schreibplatte BBA74857: PD Mag. Dr. Claus Tieber uncletom2.jpg 00031149 schreibplatte BBA74857: PD Mag. Dr. Claus Tieber uncletom3.jpg 00031149 schreibplatte BBA74857: PD Mag. Dr. Claus Tieber Screenplay Formats ■before 1886: oral ■1896 – 1904: other media (newspapers, photo stories, etc.) ■1904 – 1912: Theater, Scenario ■Seit 1912: Continuity Script PD Mag. Dr. Claus Tieber Terms PD Mag. Dr. Claus Tieber RIP VAN WINKLE ■Thomas Jefferson 1896 PD Mag. Dr. Claus Tieber rip.png photostories2.tif 00100965 schreibplatte BBA74857: UT: an accident to a skater in the distance amuses them, at the edge of the lake they adjust their skates, this is their first time, she can‘t be blamed for unlesbar passionplayplakat.tif 00100965 schreibplatte BBA74857: PD Mag. Dr. Claus Tieber THE PASSION PLAY OF OBERAMMERGAU passionplay.tif 00100965 schreibplatte BBA74857: Salome Dance before Herod THE PASSION PLAY OF OBERAMMERGAU passionplay2.tif 00100965 schreibplatte BBA74857: PD Mag. Dr. Claus Tieber The Messiah‘s Entry into Jerusalem THE PASSION PLAY OF OBERAMMERGAU passionplay3.tif 00100965 schreibplatte BBA74857: Carrying the Cross PD Mag. Dr. Claus Tieber The Passion Play of Oberammergau passionplay4.tif 00100965 schreibplatte BBA74857: The Crucifixion NARRATOR/LECTURER narrator.tif 00100965 schreibplatte BBA74857: PD Mag. Dr. Claus Tieber Lecture on „Enoch Arden“: Scene 1: Here on the beach, a hundred years ago, three children of three houses, Annie Lee, the prettiest damsel in the port, and Scene 2 Philip Rayl, the millers only son, and Scene 3 Enoch Arden, a rough sailor‘s lad, made orphan by a winter shipwreck, had build their castles of dissolving sand, but Scene 4 when the dawn of rosy childhood past and the new warmth of life‘s ascending sun was felt by either. Scene 5t either fixed his heart on that one girl and Enoch spoke his love. Ben Hur (1907) •Kalem Company •Gene Gauntier • •Lew Wallace PD Mag. Dr. Claus Tieber gauntier.tif 00100965 schreibplatte BBA74857: GENE GAUNTIER PD Mag. Dr. Claus Tieber Central Producer System PD Mag. Dr. Claus Tieber Scenario Script ■the plot of action that is no more than a synopsis of the scenes is being replaced by the full script. ■Eapes Winthrop Sargent PD Mag. Dr. Claus Tieber D. W. GRIFFITH griffith.tif 00100965 schreibplatte BBA74857: PD Mag. Dr. Claus Tieber MACK SENNETT macksennett.tif 00100965 schreibplatte BBA74857: PD Mag. Dr. Claus Tieber Frank Capra ■Here’s the way we slave: Two men work up a story line, then all the others pitch in on gags. Sennett holds story conferences up here or down in his office. Sometimes he takes us to the projection room to see the rushes. You can scribble out your own ideas, but no scripts for the directors. You tell them the story and they shoot from memory. Got it? PD Mag. Dr. Claus Tieber THE LASKY STUDIO 1918 laskystudio.tif 00100965 schreibplatte BBA74857: Scenario department 9 (rechts oben) THOMAS H. INCE thomasince.tif 00100965 schreibplatte BBA74857: PD Mag. Dr. Claus Tieber CONTINUITY SCRIPT continuityscript.tif 00100965 schreibplatte BBA74857: One of the earliest scripts available in the Aitken Brothers papers is for The Raiders, shot in 1913, under the direction of Jan Hunt for Thomas Ince Ince‘s Authors ■C. Gardner Sullivan ■Monte Katterjohn ■J.G. Hawkes PD Mag. Dr. Claus Tieber ROY MCCARDELL mccardell.tif 00100965 schreibplatte BBA74857: MCCARDELL‘S PHOTO-STORIES photostories.tif 00100965 schreibplatte BBA74857: 1896, Little Willie and the Chorus Girls, Showing how a Youthful Clerk, with Three per Week and Sporty Ideas, is Reveived and finally Sent Home, a Wiser Man UT: unlesbar, He is having a good time; Inviting him to supper, Upon refusing, his good time ends woods.tif 00100965 schreibplatte BBA74857: FRANK E. WOODS PD Mag. Dr. Claus Tieber Photoplay 1914 ■Biograph wanted ■ „problem stories in which effective contrast is made between the rich and the poor.“ PD Mag. Dr. Claus Tieber The American Film Manufacturing Company ■…can now use Eastern and Western drama, melodrama, and comedy drama. All sorts of comedy subjects and an occasional costume play are purchased. The Bison Film Company ■… recently, acquired the services of the Miller Brothers 101 Ranch Company of Indians and cowboys and is in the market for high class western and cowboy scenarios. The Eclair Company ■… on the other hand did not want westerns, while Edison was more interested in ‚the particular plot than the classification. Kalem ■ … at this point wanted material that could be done in Southern California, and suggested writers keep in mind the personalities of their top stars, Alice Joyce and Carlyle Blackwell. Kalem did allow as how ‚an occasional railroad subject might be considered.’ Kinemacolor Company of America, in an early attempt at making color films, wanted ‚open air scenes as far as possible,’ while Majestic wanted ‚rural comedies or dramas of life on the farm.’ The Meliès Film Company ■… was also looking for stories with Southern California settings, and were even more specific about their requirements: ‚The stories must not require military scenes or anything of a spectacular order. There may be a number of riders used in the picture, incidentally, up to the number of fifteen.’ photoplaywrights.tif 00100965 schreibplatte BBA74857: A GROUP OF PHOTO-PLAYWRIGHTS PD Mag. Dr. Claus Tieber 1914, Roy McCardell, Bannister Merwin, Richard Harding Davis, Harold MacGrath, Epes Winthrop Sargent, Emmet Campbell Hall, J. Berg Esenwein, Marc Edmund Jones scenariofever3.tif 00100965 schreibplatte BBA74857: SCENARIO FEVER PD Mag. Dr. Claus Tieber scenariofever.tif 00100965 schreibplatte BBA74857: SCENARIO FEVER PD Mag. Dr. Claus Tieber scenariofever2.tif 00100965 schreibplatte BBA74857: SCENARIO FEVER Motion Picture Magazine January 1915 Professions PD Mag. Dr. Claus Tieber emersonloos.tif 00100965 schreibplatte BBA74857: JOHN EMERSON AND ANITA LOOS ANITA LOOS loos.tif 00100965 schreibplatte BBA74857: JUNE MATHIS junemathis.tif 00100965 schreibplatte BBA74857: JUNE MATHIS - VALENTINO June_Mathis_and_Rudolph_Valentino.jpg PD Mag. Dr. Claus Tieber JEANIE MACPHERSON mcpherson.tif 00100965 schreibplatte BBA74857: PD Mag. Dr. Claus Tieber frances-marion-and-mary-pickford.jpg MARY PICKFORD FRANCES MARION PD Mag. Dr. Claus Tieber Frances Marion •Poor Little Rich Girl (1917) •Stella Maris (1918) •Pollyanna (1920) •The Love Light (1921) •Stella Dallas (1925) •The Scarlett Letter (1926) •The Wind (1928) • •Anna Christie (1930) •The Big House (1930) •Min and Bill (1931) •The Champ (1931) PD Mag. Dr. Claus Tieber DADDY LONG LEGS (1919) daddy_long_legs_music1.jpg THE LOVE LIGHT (1921) 91bd88fab3ae154ede22c270fa6c7cdd.jpg Star Image: Themes and Variations Mary Pickford ■The trade press published articles as early as 1910, noting that her fans called her “Little Mary.” By 1912, illustrated magazines, such as McClure’s, as well as newspapers, spread the word of her high salary. (Abel 520) UNITED ARTISTS United_Artists_contract_signature_1919.jpg STELLA MARIS (1918) StellaMarisUnity.jpg LITTLE LORD FAUNTLEROY (1921) 1110822193.jpg Daily Talks Frances Marion •Parents - children relations •rich - poor, melodramatic vs. classical narration •female characters •Marion - Pickford PD Mag. Dr. Claus Tieber Mack Sennett ■The more money we spent on the script, on writing the story, the less money it cost us to shoot the pictures when we put the actors to work. I thought that over and made motions to get all the work possible out of my writers. PD Mag. Dr. Claus Tieber Goldwyn, Eminent Authors ■The great trouble with the usual author is that he approaches the camera with some fixed literary ideal and he cannot compromise with the motion picture viewpoint. PD Mag. Dr. Claus Tieber Cont. ■This attitude brought many writers whom I had assembled into almost immediate conflict with our scenario department, and I was constantly being called upon to hear the tale of woe regarding some title that had been changed or some awfully important situation which had either been left out entirely or else altered in such a way as to ruin the literary conception. Payment PD Mag. Dr. Claus Tieber INTERTITLES zwischentitel.tif 00100965 schreibplatte BBA74857: INTERTITLES zwischentitel2.tif 00100965 schreibplatte BBA74857: PD Mag. Dr. Claus Tieber Illustrated title cards, Ince studio 1922 Transition to Sound PD Mag. Dr. Claus Tieber