Adobe Systems Czech New Wave CZS36 + CMA018 Dr. Šárka Jelínek Gmiterková Fall 2023 09. 11. 2023 Adobe Systems 2 Daisies 1966 dir. Věra Chytilová Story: Věra Chytilová, Pavel Juráček, Screenplay: Ester Krumbachová, Věra Chytilová, Cinematography: Jaroslav Kučera, Music: Jiří Šust a Jiří Šlitr, Staring: Jitka Cerhová (Marie I.), Ivana Karbanová (Marie II.), Julius Albert, Jan Klusák, Marie Češková, Marcela Březinová -The most well known film by Chytilová both locally and globaly -American premiere in 1966, Chytilová was offered a contract with Warner Brothers studio -Controversial film at home – Juráček hated the result; the communist deputy Jaroslav Pružinec spoke critically about the film in parliament >> hence the title dedicating the film to all those people, who are outraged only by the destructed salads zápatí prezentace Adobe Systems 3 The Murder of Mr. Devil 1970, dir. Ester Krumbachová The only film directed by the „muse of the Czechoslovak New Wave“ – Ester Krumbachová. - writer, screenwriter, dramaturg, art production designer, painter, costume designer, director She frequently collaborated with Věra Chytilová and Jaroslav Kučera (Daisies, Fruit of Paradise), also with her second husband Jan Němec (Diamonds of the Night, The Party and the Guests, Martyrs of Love). zápatí prezentace Obsah obrázku text Popis byl vytvořen automaticky Adobe Systems zápatí prezentace 4 Daisies and The Murder of Mr. Devil : Questions 1. What does this film tell us about the dynamics between men and women? How does the look of the film support this topic? 2.The main protagonists are characterized mainly through their looks and actions. How about their l anguage? _____________________________________________________________________ 1. How would you describe the main characters, Marie and Marie – what about their age, behaviour, speech, looks and ways they treat others (older men)? Try to compare them with Marta or other female characters in New Wave films you have seen so far. „Something has aesthetic qualities, it looks beautiful, but it is an image of a destruction, in fact“ (Věra Chytilová) 2. The topic of destruction seems to be a crucial one. On how many levels you can identify these destructive tendencies? And is the destruction perceived purely on negative terms? Adobe Systems zápatí prezentace 5 Adobe Systems zápatí prezentace 6 Ester Krumbachová and Jiřina Bohdalová on the set of The Murder of Mr. Devil ̶ Snímek obrazovky 2017-10-22 v 16.58.54.png Adobe Systems zápatí prezentace 7 Film directors and their alter egos ̶ ̶ 044-francois-truffaut-theredlist.jpeg inception-leonardo-dicaprio-chirstoper-nolan.jpg Adobe Systems 8 L7_Reading A trio of contemporary articles reflecting on the film‘s legacy https://www.filmovyprehled.cz/en/revue/detail/trampled-on-the-original-critical-reception-of-daisie s-in-the-us-and-uk https://www.nytimes.com/2022/08/17/movies/daisies-vera-chytilova.html https://collider.com/vera-chytilova-daisies-movie-why-its-good/ zápatí prezentace Adobe Systems 9 L7_Reading JEŘÁBKOVÁ, Edith – SVATOŇOVÁ, Kateřina (eds.). Ester Krumbachová. Praha: Umprum and ARE, 2021. zápatí prezentace Adobe Systems zápatí prezentace 10 Women‘s liberation The priority of the socialist regime ̶Female employment was a frequently highlighted priority of the socialist régime >> it is in tune with communist ideology, but it was also an economic necessity ̶So-called double (triple) burden ̶Women were delegated to the spheres of education and healthcare, where salaries tend to go down rather then up; they were paid less than their male colleagues and not many of them were to be found in the leadership ̶In cinema industry: despite the official proclamations the film production did not become more feminized >> creative positions are not the domain of women, other branches of Czechoslovak film are more open to female employment (cinemas, distribution) ̶Continuity assistants („script girls“), grips, editing assistants, wardrobe personnel; only rarely assisting directors and production assistants, editors and make-up designers ̶„Feminized professions“, characterized by the essencialist rhetoric as requiring traditionally female character traits – attention to detail, multitasking, sensitivity, empathy, consistency ̶ Věra Chytilová (1929–2014) „A person should have the strength to do what satisfies him (or her).“ Key topics – ethics, morals and freedom Emancipation: in the context of Chytilová‘s work one should not see emancipation tied only with the equality of genders and sexes, but in a wider sense, as a liberation from any kind of oppresion Feminist interpretations are welcomed, but are to be found mostly in the reflections of her work outside of Czechoslovakia. > Obsah obrázku osoba, oblečení, malé, dívka Popis byl vytvořen automaticky > Obsah obrázku osoba, fotoaparát, elektronika, muž Popis byl vytvořen automaticky Something Different (1963) „Film about Eva Bosáková? No, about something different.“ Chytilová‘s feature debut, CG Šmída-Fikar, originally a story by writer František Kožík about a top gymnast Eva Bosáková. The author doesn‘t just higlight Bosáková‘s successes and treats the gymnast as merely positive youth idol, but also questions the prize of victory in such a demanding sport. She also included the second heroine, a housewife called Věra, so she could treat the topic of socialist women and their lifestyle with complexity the topic deserves. None of her protagoinists is happy – neither top athlete, who dedicated her life to the profession, nor the housewife. On the style level, this is another take on the cinema-verité method and „look“ – untrained actors, improvisation, everyday reality. Obsah obrázku osoba, sport, žena, držení Popis byl vytvořen automaticky Obsah obrázku interiér, osoba, muž, vsedě Popis byl vytvořen automaticky Forbidden Fruit of Paradise (1969) Another film by the trio Chytilová – Krumbachová – Kučera Coproduction with a Belgian company Elizabeth film Parables, very loosely tied to a biblical story of Adam, Eve and the snake charmer; detective story, a comedy of morals or horror; the effort to speak about the normalization of Czechoslovakia as a consequence of Soviet occupation starting from August 1968 Main parts embodied by the actors from studio Ypsilon (Jitka Nováková, Karel Novák, Jan Schmid), very stylized performance, radical departure from previously cast untrained and/or non-professional actors + almost operatic performance and style The topic of taboo female sexuality? > Obsah obrázku tráva, vsedě, exteriér, osoba Popis byl vytvořen automaticky Ester Krumbachová (1923–1996) Obsah obrázku osoba, muž, vsedě, fotka Popis byl vytvořen automaticky „the grey eminence“, „the muse of the Czechoslovak New Wave“ She participed on multiple new wave projects on various postions >> the principle of collective authorship? Directed a single film: The Murder of Mr. Devil (1970) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pqrX9s0zVyA Never studied film, just painting and graphics on secondary school in Brno, started as an art production designer in theatre >> she enjoys cinema as a form gesamtkunstwerk, allowing her to melt painting, words and movement together with color composition Ester Krumbachová There is a tendency to include her solely in the New Wave context, however she collaborated with celebrated domestic auhors (Martin Frič, Otakar Vávra), with first generation of FAMU trained directos (Karel Kachyňa, Zbyněk Brynych, Vojtěch Jasný), with directors focusing on genre production (Zdeněk Podskalský) and those creators, whom she liked personally and where she worked on multiple positions (especially Jan Němec and Věra Chytilová). Frequently worked as a costume designer or art production designer >> exclusive and unique position without specific definition, „tailored“ for individual projects and interactions with directos or screenwriters Obsah obrázku osoba, exteriér, fotka, lidé Popis byl vytvořen automaticky Obsah obrázku osoba, stůl, muž, vsedě Popis byl vytvořen automaticky „Costume as a concentrated visual clue of a film character” Obsah obrázku osoba, žena, stůl, vsedě Popis byl vytvořen automaticky Obsah obrázku osoba, exteriér, žena, fotka Popis byl vytvořen automaticky Obsah obrázku osoba, muž, oblek, fotka Popis byl vytvořen automaticky Obsah obrázku osoba, exteriér, fotka, stojící Popis byl vytvořen automaticky Accessories, Colors, Silhouettes Obsah obrázku osoba, fotka, televizor, monitor Popis byl vytvořen automaticky Obsah obrázku osoba, muž, tmavé, vpředu Popis byl vytvořen automaticky Obsah obrázku osoba, interiér, hledání, fotka Popis byl vytvořen automaticky Obsah obrázku osoba, lidé, skupina, muž Popis byl vytvořen automaticky Adobe Systems 18 Obsah obrázku zeď, interiér, kočka, podlaha Popis byl vytvořen automaticky Obsah obrázku osoba, černobílá, interiér, zeď Popis byl vytvořen automaticky Obsah obrázku text, kočka, obraz, Dětské kresby Popis byl vytvořen automaticky Ester Krumbachová with one of her cats Live cats at the exhibition dedicated to EK‘s legacy EK‘s drawing of a cat