IV.l From the Aegean Civilizations to Archaic Greece The Artistic and Material Cultures of the "Sea in the Middle of the Earth" AEGEAN CIVILIZATIONS Northern frontier of the Mycenaean - civilization at its greatest extent circa 1250 BC PROPONTIS Mt. Olympus Paxos Leucas Cephallenia lthaca Cephallenia* Zacynthus IONIAN SEA IjHESSALY nS®Sk!°*. \ Dhimmi Gulf of > \Pagasaeň u .Histiaea AETOLIA \ Euboea ^Delphi', ŕ"™ Chalcris ~ Orchomenus* «Gla '»Lefkandi Q^l CENTRA L.Thebes Olpnnc °rcor,„ "tutresis - Der S* Sa/am/s " Xati Andm, Mycenae' *f*M Laurium^ATT|CA ..Dhendra Launurr, .Ayía ,rřni Lerna* Tiryns Ceos \\% Cythnos Syrus' MESSENIA .Sparta Woř SeriPhoSCYCLAPDES Vaphio»\ Ar90lis MYRTOU M Salia?oT.S .Peristéria 0v> Tenos .Khalandriani Naxi V Phylakopi. Melos los Sicinos Thera . Amorgós Astypalaea Miletus. di, Cos A/7 .Halicarnassus Akrotiri Kydonia (Khaniá). A/, 25 50 75 mi N SE A Crete Knossos Monastiráki• A .Palaikastro 25 50 75 100 km Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc. ^Pyrgos • .Mallia , wArknanes ... -Mt da nniirniá. Mochlos AyiaTriadha. Gour.ma \ »zakros Kommos* Pnaistos \ Vasiliki Myrtos Lindust Rhodes Carpathos 7w AMt. Olympus \thessaly nsueskl°*. THRACIAN SEA Gulf of Pagasae .Histiaea 0 AETOLIA Delphi. •E'at^Xchalcris Orchomenus* Vefkandi GWr C E N T iyC L.Thebes 0lenus Sicyon^V GREECE •Marathon GREECE,! */Eleusis- #Athens .Carystus PELOPONNESE Conn/h Salamis -V'erati Mycenaef Laurium^A77ICA /•Dhendra Laurlurn .Ayia Irfni Lernal Tiryns Ceos \ v c1/r,,„»Khalandriani .Peristeria Cythnos K MESSENIA .Sparta Gulf of Seriphos LAp^0Ss N~ Vaphio-\\ Are°»s MYRTOUM SaUa&i3 Na*°s SE/A Phylakopi Melos Andros Tenos 4/ Inc. Cythera N •Kastri Kydonia (Khania). -4 /V Crefe Knossos Monastiraki* A ^Pyrgos •.Arkh-a^8 .„ .f^^0 AyiaTriadha.rW^-T^\M°C-zTkros Kommos* Phaistos \ Vasiliki Myrtos Cycladic cultures, ca. 3200 - ca. 1050 BCE AEGEAN CIVILIZATIONS Northern frontier of the Mycenaean - civilization at its greatest extent circa 1250 BC PROPONTIS inoan cultures, 3000- 1100 BCE Knossos A reconstruction of the perspective proposed by Thomas F. Strasser (2010) - Thera prior to the Bronze Age volcanic eruption), with its inundated caldera as seen from its east lip. (Drawing by Doug Faulmann) AEGEAN CIVILIZATIONS Northern frontier of the Mycenaean - civilization at its greatest extent circa 1250 BC THRACE PROPONTIS Mycenian Civilization, c. 1600-ca. 1100 BCE Mycenae 0 25 50 75 100 km © Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc. yrtos Funerary masks, from the tombs of Myceniae, ca. 1600-1450 BCE Archaic Greece, ca. 800 BCE - 480 BCE (second Persian invasion of Greece) ILLYRIA PAIONIA ___ja-—- AMPHIPOLIS ---^00 é- f /-7 AULOffe""— CA LON*T~ \ THESSAL\ MYTILENE LYD|A (f^ETOLIA EPHESUS ^^-^^ ^V ATTI ^TH ENS ^ \\ fife"' WACHAEA * CORINTH Q *~ CARIA MILETUS ► HALICARN ACHAEAN—J- ^OS %j ^ ARCADIAN ARGOLIS VQ- ^ ÍPARTA \ J Greece in the archaic age N^--J_( *^ N i Political structure in 750-490 BCE ""^^b/i CITIES * ' I CITY-STATES AREAS ■ TRI BAL AREAS ■ Cretan Sea IBERIAN Emporior PENINSULA M O" HemeroscopiumO Sardinia Massalia Trapézu Ta ras SybarisO Himera Croton GREECE Phocaea ASIA MINOR Meg Corinth Carthage Chalkis ■ Ephesus Tars.us ^Athens - Miletus^^^ ' Theľa t«'Rh0deS 4t ^ Cyprus Tyre* Areas of Greek settlement Parent cities Major colonies 300 Miles _I 300 Kilometers AFRICA Pomegranate vase, heigth:10,2 cm, diam. 8,3 cm, terracotta, 8th century BCE Metropolitan Museum, New York Centaur of Lefkandi, maybe Cheiron (?), height: 36 cm, end of the 10th century BCE Achaeological Museum, Eretria Mantiklos "Apollo", Late Geometric or Early Orientalizing Period, ca. 700-675 BCE, Greece, Boiotia, Thebes, bronze, H: 20,3 cm Museum of Fine Arts, Boston MET kouros, Kouros of Tenea, c. Kroisos kouros, c. Piraeus Apollo, Aristokidos kouros, c. 590-580 BCE 560-560 BCE 530 BCE c. 530-520 BCE c. 510-500 BCE Metropolitan Archaeological Archaeological Archaeological Museum Archaeological Museum, Museum, New York Museum, Athens Museum, Athens of Piraeus Athens Statue of Nike, found in Delos, attributed to Nike marble sculpture, attributed to Antenor, Nike, bronze, 8.6 x 8.4 x 2.1 cm, c. 500 BCE Achermos of Chios, height: 90 cm, c. 550 BCE height: 1,13 m, c. 513-500 BCE Walters Art Museum, Baltimore National Archaeological Museum, Athens Archaeological Museum, Delphi Peplos kore, Parian marble with traces of polychromy, height: 1,17 m, c. 530 BCE Acropolis Museum, Athens Casts of the Peplos Kore with two versions of restored painted decoration, as Artemis or Athena Acropolis Museum, Athens Chryselephantine (ivory & gold) statue of Apollo (?), c. 550 BCE, from Delphi Archaeological Museum, Delphi Antefix with the head of Medusa, terracotta, 6th century BCE, from Tarentino, Southern Italy Metropolitan Museum, New York