Pl Fi ld A l (TNA1)Planetary Field Analogues (TNA1)
Coordinator: Felipe Gómez Gómez CAB-INTA
F li Gó GóFelipe Gómez Gómez
29 October – CAREX Projects9 Oc obe C ojec s
Forum (Prague, Czech Republic)
CAREX Project Forum. Prague, 29 October 2009
EC grant agreement no 228319EC grant agreement no 228319
Objectives
The ensemble of TransNational Access (TNA)
Central task of the EuroPlaNet project: overcoming the current fragmentation of
the EU planetary science community.
Europlanet RI will accomplish it in two ways:p p y
• it will consolidate the integration of the planetary science community which
started with Europlanet’s FP6 Coordination Action
• it will integrate a major distributed European infrastructure to be shared, fed
and expanded by all planetary scientists by providing integrated access to the
full set of RIs needed for planetary research.
Facilities are now open to European external users in 2009 through
threeTNA activities (Call is open: http://www.europlanet-ri.eu/ )
within EUROPLANET (2009-2012)
European Planetology Network
(Research Infrastructure)(Research Infrastructure)
Coordinator: Michel Blanc, CNRS, France
Structure
TNAs
Access is provided by a TransNational Access (TNA) programme which
supports travel and local costs of researchers at the facility for ansupports travel and local costs of researchers at the facility for an
approved period of time to conduct their own research programme.
Applications are made to annual calls and are subject to peer review. It
should be noted that applicants must apply to use facilities outside theshould be noted that applicants must apply to use facilities outside the
country in which they are based (i.e. it is a transnational access).
TNAs
TNA1 Planetary Field Analogues: This will offer access to well-characterized terrestrial
field sites that have been selected so as to provide the most realistic analogues of surfaces
of Mars, Europa and Titan, to which planetary missions have either recently been directed or
l d Th i l d d t f t idi i t d h d th lare planned. They include desert, permafrost, acidic environment and hydrothermal sources.
TNA2 Planetary Simulation Facilities: This will optimize the access to a set of laboratory
facilities that are able to recreate and simulate the conditions found in the atmospheres andp
on the surfaces of planetary systems with special attention on Martian, Titan and Europa
analogues. Selected facilities include atmospheric and surface simulation chambers
operating under different pressure and temperature conditions; dust simulation chambers
and dusty wind tunnels capable of exploring different planetary meteorological conditionsand dusty wind tunnels capable of exploring different planetary meteorological conditions.
TNA3 Planetary Sample Analysis: This will combine the resources of three of the world’s
leading analytical laboratories to analyze meteoritic and sample returns (e.g. Stardust) withg y y p ( g )
un-paralleled precision, offering very specific isotopic analysis. An important part of this TNA
will be to provide access to facilities to EU research teams developing the protocols for
planning surface exploration and possibly sample return missions to the moon and later
Mars and EuropaMars and Europa.
SA Integrated and Distributed Information Service (IDIS)
JRA 2
JRA2 Planetary Facilities and Field Analogues: While current missions have
largely concentrated upon Mars and Titan (and hence TNA facilities have beenlargely concentrated upon Mars and Titan (and hence TNA facilities have been
largely Martian or Titan analogues) future missions are aimed at the ice covered
bodies where conditions for life might be present (e.g the Jovian moon Europa).
Hence access to new field analogues and laboratory facilities more typical of theseHence access to new field analogues and laboratory facilities more typical of these
conditions is required.
The aim of this JRA is to provide, within the period of the RI, transnational accessp , p ,
to two new field sites and a new state-of-the-art planetary analogue chamber
suitable for testing analytical instrumentation for such proposed and planned
planetary missions. The two field sites are (i) the Tunisian Chott El Jerid desert, ay ( )
suitable analogue for Martian, Venusian and Mercurian surfaces and (ii) the
permafrost of Siberia most especially in the area of the Popigai crater a suitable
analogue for planetary ices. JRA2 will characterise these field sites from both a
geological, physical and chemical point of view. The propensity of these sites for
sustaining life will also be explored.
Th k f JRA2 i i d l i i hi h fi 24 h fThe work programme of JRA2 is aimed at completion within the first 24 months of
the RI so that these facilities will be open for access via TNA1 and 2 in the second
24 months of the project.
TNA 1
coordinator: Felipe Gómez (gomezgf@inta.es)
TNA1 Planetary Field Analogues: This will offer access to well characterized terrestrialTNA1 Planetary Field Analogues: This will offer access to well-characterized terrestrial
field sites that have been selected so as to provide the most realistic analogues of surfaces
of Mars, Europa and Titan, to which planetary missions have either recently been directed or
are planned. They include desert, permafrost, acidic environment and hydrothermal sources.p y p y
Rio Tinto: a 100 km long acidic aqueous river environment located in the Huelva province in South West
Spain. Rio Tinto is a unique site in Europe in which a rock-water-biology interaction produces river water
with a pH that averages 2.
Tunisian Chott: located in South West Tunisia is a seasonal lake that is completely dry most of the year.
The surface of the lake is covered with a hard NaCl crust covering underground water. This field analogue
will be fully characterised using field, geophysical and microbiological methodology in 2009-2010 so will
only be open to access from 2011.
Å ÅNy-Ålesund, Svalbard archipelago: Ny-Ålesund is the world's northernmost permanent settlement
situated on the island of Spitsbergen in the Svalbard archipelago, only 1,200 km from the North Pole. It
includes areas in front of two glaciers that are very well suited for testing instruments for ground ice and
permafrost mapping.
Ibn Battuta Centre: near Marrakech in Morocco is a desert field facility. This extreme environment is used
to test rover, landing systems, instruments dedicated to the Mars exploration and to perform scientific
analysis of Mars analogues.
The Kamchatka Peninsula: in Siberia Russia is one of four regions in the world with extensive geyser
activity allowing a study of the complex inter-relationship between volcanism and landform development,
highly relevant to some planetary bodies, whilst the hot springs are also the habitat of diverse
microbiology.
TNA1
TNA 1
coordinator: Felipe Gómez (gomezgf@inta.es)
Six well characterized terrestrial
natural field sites
TNA1
Analogues of surfaces of Mars,
Europa, Titan, …
D t f t idi i t
Rio Tinto Spain
Desert, permafrost, acidic environment,
hydrothermal sources
Morocco Tunisia Svalbard Spain Rio Tinto, SpainMorocco, Tunisia, Svalbard, Spain
Kamchatka, Popigai Crater in Siberia
Ibn Battuta Centre
Ny Alesund
Spitzberg
Ibn Battuta Centre
Morocco
Kamchatka, Russia
TNA 1
Svalbard
formerly Spitsbergen, archipelago in the Arctic Ocean, about midway betweenformerly Spitsbergen, archipelago in the Arctic Ocean, about midway between
Norway and the North Pole, and belonging to Norway. It comprises all lands
between latitude 74° North and latitude 81° North and between longitude 10° East
and longitude 35° East. The principal islands are Spitsbergen, Nordaustlandet,g p p p g
Barentsøya, Edgeøya, Kong Karls Land, Prins Karls Forland, and Bjørnøya. Coal
mining is the major industry.
Svein Erik Hamran: FFI Forsvarets Forsknings InstituttSvein-Erik Hamran: FFI Forsvarets Forsknings Institutt
78°53 - 11°80
↑ N th↑ North
http://www.svalbard-images.com/photos/webcam-svalbard-003-2-e.php
TNA 1
•Mean annual air temperature
in NÅ is 6 3±Cin NÅ is - 6.3±C.
•Permafrost depth is ~100 m in
costal areas and >500 m incostal areas and >500 m in
mountainous areas.
•Active layer depth at the field
site is believed to be ~2 m.site is believed to be 2 m.
•This layer experiences thawing
in the summer/autumn.
Possible fields of interest:
Geology
Physiology
Microbiology
Bi t h lBiotechnology
Missions Instrumental Testing
TNA 1
Examples:
The WISDOM GPR onThe WISDOM GPR on
the ExoMars mission
Svein-Erik Hamran, FFI
Credits: FFI
Valerie Ciarletti, CETP
Charlotte Corbel, CETP
Dirk Plettemeier, TUD
Tor Berger, FFI
Leif Hanssen, FFI
Mats Jørgen Øyan, FFI
RAMAN-LIBS on the
ExoMars missionExoMars mission
Fernando Rull, Valladolid
University and CAB
Credits: FFI
TNA 1
Ibn Battuta Centre: located at the Universitè Cadi Ayyad at Marrakech
IRSPS : International Research School of Planetary Science
Gian Gabriele Ori
Possible fields of interest:
Geology
Physiology
Microbiology
Mi i I t t l T tiMissions Instrumental Testing
Credits: Photogallery from Ibn Battuta Centre webpage
http://www.ibnbattutacentre.org
Activities (between others):
Testing martian rada SHARAD on Earth: SORA experimet
TNA 1
Kamchatka peninsula
IKI-RAS : Space
Research Institute
of Russian Academy
of Sciences
O. Korablev
Y O i hYu. Ozorovich
more than 160 volcanoes on the peninsula (29 of them are active),
due to the fact that it lies on the Great Pacific “ring of fire” Volcanoesdue to the fact that it lies on the Great Pacific ring of fire . Volcanoes
and volcanic peaks, cyclones and underground heat created here a
mixture of twenty climate zones and a great variety of flora and fauna.
But the main scientific attractions of Kamchatka are volcanicBut the main scientific attractions of Kamchatka are volcanic
calderas and lakes in craters, geysers and mineral springs.
TNA 1
Possible fields of interest:
Geology
Physiology
Microbiology
Biotechnology
Missions Instrumental Testing
JRA 2
coordinator: Felipe Gómez (gomezgf@inta.es)
Popigai crater
L d i Sib i R i i i d i h M i R i h 4 h l iLocated in Siberia, Russia is tied with Manicouagan Reservoir as the 4th largest impact
crater on Earth. A large bolide impact created the 100-kilometer diameter crater 35.7 ±
0.2 million years ago during the late Eocene (Priabonian stage). The crater is just north
f th Sib i it N il k 1 1/2 h (b h li t ) f th t t f Kh t Itof the Siberian city Norilsk, or 1 1/2 hours (by helicopter) from the outpost of Khatanga. It
is designated by UNESCO as a Geopark a site of special geological heritage.
The impactor in this event has been identified as either an eight-kilometer diameter
chondrite asteroid, or a five-kilometer diameter stony asteroid.
The shock pressures from the impact instantaneously transformed graphite in the
ground into diamonds within a 13.6 kilometer radius of the impact point. Diamonds are
usually 0.5 to 2 millimeters in diameter; a few exceptional specimens are 10 millimeters
in size. The diamonds not only inherit the tabular shape of the original graphite grains
b h ddi i ll h i i l l' d li i ibut they additionally preserve the original crystal's delicate striations.
Popigai is the best example yet of the formation of a crater of this type. Three other
craters are larger, but they are either buried (Chicxulub), strongly deformed (Sudbury),
d f d d l d d (V d f t)or deformed and severely eroded (Vredefort).
There is a small possibility that Popigai impact crater formed simultaneous with the c. 35
million year old Chesapeake Bay and Toms Canyon impact craters.
JRA 2
Popigai Crater
IKI-RAS : Space Research
Institute of Russian Academy of
Sciences
Popigai Crater
O. Korablev
Yu. Ozorovich
Possible fields of interest:
GeologyGeology
Microbiology
Missions Instrumental TestingMissions Instrumental Testing
Credit: Ronald W. Hayes Landsat/PASSC
JRA 2
Chott El Jerid
Possible fields of interest:
Geology
Physiology
Microbiology
Biotechnology
Missions Instrumental Testing
Testing space missions tools
Objectives:
1) To search for and characterize
An example: MARTE project
1) To search for and characterize
subsurface life at Rio Tinto along
with the physical and chemical
properties and sustaining energyp p g gy
sources of its environment.
2) 2) To perform a high fidelity
simulation of a robotic Mars drillingsimulation of a robotic Mars drilling
mission to search for life.
3) 3) To demonstrate the drilling,
sample handling, and instrument
technologies relevant to searching
for life on Mars. The simulation of
the robotic drilling mission is guided
by the results of the aseptic drilling
campaign to search for life at Rio
Ti tTinto.
Implementation FP7 procedureImplementation FP7 procedure
Call is open
htt // l thtt // l t i /i /
Common committee for evaluation: peer
http://www.europlanethttp://www.europlanet--ri.eu/ri.eu/
review for selection
Orientation of projects
Synergies between facilities
Exchange of know-how between facilities
TNA 2
NA2 Pl t Si l ti F ilitiNA2: Planetary Simulation Facilities
coordinator: Gareth Davies (Gareth.Davies@falw.vu.nl)
TNA2 Planetary Simulation Facilities provides access to a set of laboratory facilities that are able to recreate and
simulate the conditions found in the atmospheres and on the surfaces of planetary systems with special attention
to Martian Titan and Europa analogues Facilities include:to Martian, Titan and Europa analogues. Facilities include:
Mars simulation facilities at the Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam and the Open University, UK that can simulate Martian
atmospheric conditions enabling researchers to assess to both probe the chemical and physical properties of the
Martian atmosphere and surface and to test instrumentation designed to probe Martian conditions prior to its
deployment in planetary space missions. The Mars surface analogue at University of Wales, Aberystwythdeployment in planetary space missions. The Mars surface analogue at University of Wales, Aberystwyth
composed of Mars Soil simulant that provides a facility for testing robotic instrumentation for future space
missions to Mars to analyse and collect geological samples. Current testing includes specific instrumentation
under evaluation for the Pasteur science payload for ExoMars.
Titan atmosphere and surface simulation chamber at the Open University capable of both reproducing the Titan
atmosphere and providing an analogue for the physical and chemical conditions found on its surface. It has been
used to explore the results of the recent ESA Huygens probe and to prepare instrumentation for the next generationused to explore the results of the recent ESA Huygens probe and to prepare instrumentation for the next generation
of missions.
A suite of Planetary Simulation chambers at the Centre for Astrobiology Research, Madrid, the Deutsches Zentrum
für Luft-und Raumfahrt (DLR), Germany and the Instituto Nazonale di Astrofisica - Osservatorio Astronomico di
Capodimonte, Italy, designed to study planetary surfaces, atmospheres and space environments that may be used
for testing instrumentation for potential future space missions (e.g. ExoMars, Laplace, Tandem) whilst alsog p p ( g , p , )
providing researchers with access to facilities that can provide fundamental physical and chemical data for models
and/or interpretation of observational data.
Dust impact facility at the Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany that allows the investigation of
hypervelocity dust impacts onto various materials to explore dust impact onto planetary minerals caused by the
interplanetary dust background. This is complemented by the dusty wind tunnel University of Aarhus, Denmark
which simulates wind driven dust exposure on Mars and may be used to quantify dust deposition (i e on optical
CAREX Project Forum. Prague, 29 October 2009
which simulates wind driven dust exposure on Mars and may be used to quantify dust deposition (i.e. on optical
surfaces, electrical or mechanical components) and examine the operation of instrumentation in dusty/windy
environment under Martian conditions.
Facilities
TNA 3
TNA3 Pl t S l A l iTNA3: Planetary Sample Analysis
coordinator: B Marty (bmarty@crpg.cnrs-nancy.fr) , C Cloquet (cloquet@crpg.cnrs-
nancy.fr)
TNA3 Planetary Sample Analysis combines the resources of three of the world's
l di l i l l b i ( i hi h C d R h h Pé hileading analytical laboratories (within the Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et
Géochimiques (CNRS/CRPG) Nancy France; The Open University, UK and the Vrije
Universiteit, Amsterdam) to analyze meteoritic and sample returns with un-paralleled
precision, offering very specific isotopic analysis. State of the art equipment including
ion probe facilities incorporating latest NANOSIMS instrument capable of resolvingion probe facilities incorporating latest NANOSIMS instrument capable of resolving
chemical structures at 50nm scale for a range of elements including C, N, O, S, Si, Mg;
a range of isotope facilities for non metallic (H, He, C, O, S) and metallic Sr-Nd-Pb- Fe
elements used routinely in meteorite, lunar and terrestrial rock studies with a number
of state of the art GC-Mass Spectrometers capable of routinely detectingp p y g
concentrations of the order ppb. All three partners can provide sample preparation
facilities and are routinely used to analyse extraterrestrial material.
Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques (CNRS/CRPG) Nancy France
(Ion Probe Camera 1270; Noble Gases Facility; Non traditional stable and radiogenic;( y g
isotope Facility; Stable isotopes in organic matter Facility.
The Open University, UK: NanoSIMS 50L; Mass Spectrometry for Cosmic Samples
Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam: VUA Isotope Geochemistry Facility
Facilities
Europlanet webpage
http://www.europlanethttp://www.europlanet--ri.eu/ri.eu/
ECEC contractcontract no 228319no 228319
Europlanet webpage
http://www.europlanethttp://www.europlanet--ri.eu/ri.eu/
2525