Seminář - JAZ02 Angličtina pro geografy II
COURSE MATERIALS, HOMEWORK WEEK IX.
Transportation: A New Vision for the 21st Century
Pre-listening
1) What are the main problems the world transportation system is facing?
2) Which means of transport is the most common today?
3) Which means of transport is developing most quickly today?
4) Which means of transport is most ecological?
5) What is your favorite means of transport?
6) What are congestions?
Listening. Listen to and watch the video and answer these questions.
1) What is the new conceptual framework of transportation about?
………………………………………………………………………………………
2) What will have changed by the year 2055?
………………………………………………………………………………………
3) What is the priority for the future?
………………………………………………………………………………………
4) How is the highway transport going to develop in the next 50 years?
……………………………………………………………………………………..
5) How can travel growth be reduced?
……………………………………………………………………………………..
6) What are centerlines?
……………………………………………………………………………………..
7) What new trade blocks are emerging?
…………………………………………………………………………………….
8) Which nations are most investing in infrastructure?
…………………………………………………………………………………….
9) What do the speakers say about the investment in infrastructure?
…………………………………………………………………………………….
10) What is the relation between economy and transportation system?
…………………………………………………………………………………….
Transportation: A New Vision for the 21st Century
Pre-listening
7) What are the main problems the world transportation system is facing?
8) Which means of transport is the most common today?
9) Which means of transport is developing most quickly today?
10) Which means of transport is most ecological?
11) What is your favorite means of transport?
12) What are congestions?
Listening. Listen to and watch the video and answer these questions.
11) What is the new conceptual framework of transportation about?
…re-thinking of transportation fundamentally
12) What will have changed by the year 2055?
………growing population, double number of vehicles, mega-regions, new energy s.
13) What is the priority for the future?
……modernize the current system
14) How is the highway transport going to develop in the next 50 years?
……………it will more than double..
15) How can travel growth be reduced?
……………encouraging walking, inter-city rail..
16) What are centerlines?
…………………………truck-only corridors………..
17) What new trade blocks are emerging?
…………………
18) Which nations are most investing in infrastructure?
………………………Canada, china, India, Europe
19) What do the speakers say about the importance of investment in infrastructure?
……………both government and private companies, it brings more than is invested
20) What is the relation between economy and transportation system?
………transportation is essential for the development of economy……………….
Transport and social sustainability
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Pre-reading
1) What can “social sustainability” mean? ……………………………………………….
2) What is a “sedentary lifestyle”, what are the dangers and which people may be affected? ……………………………………………………………………………..
3) What happens when institutions, shops, and schools move out of city centers?........................................................................................................................
Cities with overbuilt roadways have experienced unintended consequences, linked to radical drops in public transport, walking, and cycling. In many cases, streets became void of “life.” Stores, schools, government centers and libraries moved away from central cities, and residents who did not flee to the suburbs experienced a much reduced quality of public space and of public services. As schools were closed their mega-school replacements in outlying areas generated additional traffic; the number of cars on US roads between 7:15 and 8:15 a.m. increases 30% during the school year. Yet another impact was an increase in sedentary lifestyles, causing and complicating a national epidemic of obesity, and accompanying dramatically increased health care costs.
Cities and sustainable transport 1) Read the text and answer questions.
1) How are the shapes of cities influenced by their transport systems?
2) What did a model of an imagined city looked like?
3) What were the main arguments against the prevalence of cars in city transport?
4) How did transport planning in Europe differed from that in the U.S.A.?
5) Where is Curitiba?
Cities are shaped by their transport systems. In The City in History, Lewis Mumford documented how the location and layout of cities was shaped around a walkable centre, often located near a port or waterway, and with suburbs accessible by animal transport or, later, by rail or tram lines.
In 1939, the New York World's Fair included a model of an imagined city, built around a car-based transport system. In this "greater and better world of tomorrow", residential, commercial and industrial areas were separated, and skyscrapers loomed over a network of urban motorways. These ideas captured the popular imagination, and are credited with influencing city planning from the 1940s to the 1970s.
The popularity of the car in the post-war era led to major changes in the structure and function of cities. There was some opposition to these changes at the time. Lewis Mumford asked "is the city for cars or for people?" Donald Appleyard documented the consequences for communities of increasing car traffic in "The View from the Road" (1964) and in the UK, Mayer Hillman first published research into the impacts of traffic on child independent mobility in 1971. Despite these notes of caution, trends in car ownership, car use and fuel consumption continued steeply upward throughout the post-war period.
Mainstream transport planning in Europe has, by contrast, never been based on assumptions that the private car was the best or only solution for urban mobility. For example the Dutch Transport Structure Scheme has since the 1970s required that demand for additional vehicle capacity only be met "if the contribution to societal welfare is positive", and since 1990 has included an explicit target to halve the rate of growth in vehicle traffic. Some cities outside Europe have also consistently linked transport to sustainability and to land use planning, notably Curitiba, Brazil, Portland, Oregon and Vancouver, Canada.
2) Replace these words with synonyms or words with similar meaning.
a) walkable centre …………………………. b) layout of cities………………
c) skyscrapers looming over st ……………. d) The ideas captured the imagination…
e) child independent mobility………………. f) an explicit target …………………