Cause and Effect (source: http://www.uefap.com/speaking/spkfram.htm) 1. Simply Emphasising cause. The death rate from cancer is increasing because owing to the fact that people are smoking more. Emphasising effect. As Because Since people are smoking more, the death rate from cancer is increasing. People are smoking more. Therefore, So, Thus, Hence, Consequently, Because of this, For this reason, As a consequence, As a result, the death rate from cancer is increasing. People are smoking more, as a result of which as a consequence of which with the result that 2. With some grammatical changes. Emphasing cause. The fact that the death rate from cancer is increasing is due to may be due to people smoking more. The One reason for cause of the death rate from cancer increasing is that could be that people are smoking more. An increase in the death rate from cancer is may be one effect of one result of one consequence of caused by due to because of people smoking more. results from arises from Emphasing effect. Owing to people smoking more, the death rate from cancer is increasing. One The effect of result of consequence of people smoking more is that the death rate from cancer is increasing. is to increase the death rate from cancer. People smoking more results in leads to produces causes is the cause of gives rise to brings about an increase in the death rate from cancer. People smoke more, (so) (thus) (thereby) resulting in leading to producing causing giving rise to bringing about an increase in the death rate from cancer. If people smoke more the death rate from cancer will increase.