"Itálie - zoo zvířata, 2013 - 2014 (toxo, neo, encefalitozoon) " No. - CR Date Family Binomial name Common name Toxo IFAT (50 je pozitivní)/ELISA Neo IFAT (50 je pozitivní) Encephalitozoon cun IFAT (50 je pozitivní) Sex /pohlaví Age/věk "Born - in captivity (CB) /captured in nature (WC), state" "circus, zoo" Housing/ustájení Contact with cats Contact with dogs 1. 12/10/2013 Camelidae Camelus bactrianus camel neg neg neg female 2 years "CB,Italy,2011" zoo "group, paddock" yes no 2. 12/10/2013 Camelidae Camelus bactrianus camel neg neg 50 female 2 years "CB,Italy,2011" zoo "group, paddock" no no 3. 12/10/2013 Camelidae Lama glama llama neg neg neg female 1 year "CB,Italy,2012" zoo "group, paddock" no no 4. 12/10/2013 Cervidae Rangifer tarandus reindeer 800 50 neg male 3 years "CB,Spain,2011" zoo "group, paddock" no no 5. 12/10/2013 Cervidae Rangifer tarandus reindeer 100 neg neg male 3 years "CB,Spain,2011" zoo "group, paddock" no no 6. 5/16/2014 Camelidae Camelus bactrianus camel neg neg 50 male 1 year 2013 circus cage yes no 7. 5/16/2014 Camelidae Camelus bactrianus camel neg neg 1600 male 3 years "CB,Italy,2011" circus cage yes yes 8. 5/22/2014 Camelidae Lama glama llama pozit neg neg male 4 years "CB,Italy,2010" circus paddock yes yes 9. 5/22/2014 Camelidae Lama glama llama neg neg 50 male 7 years "CB,Italy,2007" circus yes yes 10. 5/22/2014 Camelidae Camelus bactrianus camel 50 neg neg female 8 years "Italy,2006" circus cage yes yes 11. 5/28/2014 Camelidae Camelus bactrianus camel neg neg 50 female 8 - 9 years "CB,Italy,2006" circus paddock yes yes 12. 5/28/2014 Camelidae Camelus dromedarius dromedary pozit neg neg male 2 years "CB,Italy,2012" circus cage yes yes 13. 5/28/2014 Bovidae Bos taurus Ankole - Watusi neg neg neg female 2 years "France,2012" circus cage yes yes 14. 5/28/2014 Bovidae Bos taurus Ankole - Watusi 100 neg neg female 6 years "Italy,2008" circus cage yes yes 15. 5/28/2014 Camelidae Camelus dromedarius dromedary pozit neg neg male 3 years "CB,Italy,2011" circus cage yes yes 16. 5/28/2014 Camelidae Camelus dromedarius dromedary neg neg neg male 8 years "CB,Italy,2006" circus cage yes yes 17. 6/2/2014 Camelidae Camelus dromedarius dromedary neg neg 50 male 2 years "CB,Italy,2011" circus "couple,paddock" yes yes 18. 6/2/2014 Camelidae Camelus dromedarius dromedary neg neg 50 female 5 years "Spain,2009" circus cage yes yes 19. 7/10/2014 Camelidae Lama glama llama neg neg 50 male 3 years "CB,Italy,2011" zoo "group, paddock" yes yes 20. 7/10/2014 Camelidae Camelus bactrianus camel neg neg 50 male 8 years "CB,Italy,2006" zoo "group, paddock" yes yes 21. 7/10/2014 Camelidae Camelus bactrianus camel 50 neg neg female 3 years "CB,Spain,2012" zoo "group, paddock" yes yes 22. 7/10/2014 Camelidae Camelus bactrianus camel neg neg 1600 male 3 years "CB,Spain,2013" zoo "group, paddock" yes yes 23. 8/5/2014 Bovidae Bos grunniensis yak neg neg neg female 20 years CB zoo "group, paddock" yes no 24. 8/5/2014 Bovidae Bos grunniensis yak neg neg neg male 20 years CB zoo "group, paddock" yes no 25. 8/5/2014 Bovidae Bos grunniensis yak neg neg neg male 20 years CB zoo "group, paddock" yes no 26. 1/15/2014 Camelidae Vicunia pacos alpaca neg neg 50 male 4 years "CB, Holland" zoo "couple,paddock" yes no 27. 1/15/2014 Camelidae Vicunia pacos alpaca 50 neg 50 female 4 years "CB, Holland" zoo "couple,paddock" no no 28. 1/25/2014 Camelidae Vicunia pacos alpaca neg neg 50 male 10 years CB zoo "couple,relative freedom" no no 29. 1/25/2014 Camelidae Vicunia pacos alpaca 50 neg neg female 12 years CB zoo "couple,relative freedom" no no 30. 11/2/2014 Bovidae Ammostragus lervia ammostragus (Barbary sheep) neg neg neg female 5 years CB zoo "group, cage" yes no 31. 11/2/2014 Bovidae Ammostragus lervia ammostragus (Barbary sheep) 200 neg neg female 5/6 years CB zoo "group, cage" yes no 32. 11/2/2014 Bovidae Ammostragus lervia ammostragus (Barbary sheep) neg neg neg male 5/6 years CB zoo cage yes no 33. 11/2/2014 Bovidae Ammostragus lervia ammostragus (Barbary sheep) neg neg neg male 15 years CB zoo "alone,cage" yes no 34. 7/10/2014 Bovidae Bos taurus Ankole - Watusi neg 50 neg female 5/7 years "CB, Italy" circus ? yes no 35. 7/10/2014 Camelidae Lama glama llama neg neg 50 male 6 years CB circus "alone,paddock" yes no 36. 2/10/2014 Equidae Equus quagga zebra neg neg neg male 3 years "CB,Spain,2012" circus "group, paddock" yes yes 37. 2/10/2014 Equidae Equus quagga zebra neg neg neg male 4 years "CB,Spain,2013" circus "group, paddock" yes yes 38. 2/10/2014 Equidae Equus quagga zebra neg neg neg male 4 years "CB,Spain,2013" circus "group, paddock" yes yes 39. 2/10/2014 Equidae Equus quagga zebra neg neg neg male 3 years "CB,Spain,2013" circus "group, paddock" yes yes 40. 7/10/2014 Equidae Equus quagga zebra neg 50 neg male 6 years "CB,Spain,2011" circus "group, paddock" yes yes 41. 9/20/2014 Equidae Equus quagga boehmi Grant´s zebra neg neg neg female 7 years CB zoo ? yes no 42. 10/1/2014 Equidae Equus quagga zebra neg neg neg female 3 years "CB,Italy" circus yes yes 43. 10/1/2014 Equidae Equus quagga zebra neg neg neg female 3 years CB circus ? yes no 44. 1/25/2014 Felidae Panthera tigris tiger 800 neg neg male 4 years "CB,Italy" circus yes yes 45. 2/13/2014 Felidae Panthera tigris tiger strong pozit neg neg male 10 years "CB,Hungary,2006" circus "group, cage" yes yes 46. 2/14/2014 Felidae Panthera leo lion 400 neg neg male 4 years "CB,Spain,2011" circus "group, cage" yes yes 47. 3/3/2014 Felidae Panthera leo lion pozit 50 neg female 1 year "CB,Italy,2013" circus "group, cage" yes no 48. 3/1/2014 Felidae Panthera tigris tiger pozit 50 neg female 2 years "CB,Spain,2012" circus "group, cage" yes no 49. 3/21/2014 Felidae Panthera tigris tiger 200 neg neg female 3 years "CB,France,2011" circus "group, cage" yes yes 50. 3/29/2014 Felidae Panthera leo lion 100 neg neg male 6 years "CB,Italy,2010" circus "group, cage" yes yes 51. 3/29/2014 Felidae Panthera leo lion neg neg neg male 5 years "CB,Italy,2011" circus group yes yes 52. 4/2/2014 Felidae Panthera tigris tiger 1600 1600 neg male 1 year "CB,Italy,2013" circus "group, cage" yes yes 53. 4/3/2014 Felidae Panthera leo lion 800 800 neg "male, castrated" 10 years "CB,Italy,2004" circus "group, cage" yes yes 54. 4/3/2014 Felidae Panthera tigris tiger 200 neg neg female 5 years "CB,Spain,2009" circus "group, cage" yes yes 55. 4/3/2014 Felidae Panthera tigris tiger 400 neg neg "male, castrated" 7 years "CB,Italy,2007" circus "group, cage" yes yes 56. 4/3/2014 Felidae Panthera leo lion NT NT NT male 8 years "CB,Italy,2006" circus "group, cage" yes yes 57. 5/2/2014 Felidae Panthera leo lion 100 neg neg male 5 years "CB,Spain,2009" circus "group, cage" yes yes 58. 5/2/2014 Felidae Panthera leo lion strong pozit neg neg male 7 years "CB,Spain,2007" circus "group, cage" yes yes 59. 5/16/2014 Felidae Panthera tigris tiger 200 neg neg male 12 years "Italy,2002" circus cage no no 60. 5/16/2014 Felidae Panthera leo lion 800 neg neg male 7 years "Spain,2007" circus cage yes yes 61. 6/2/2014 Felidae Panthera leo lion 400 neg neg male 7 years "CB,Italy,2007" circus cage yes yes 62. 6/2/2014 Felidae Panthera leo lion 3200 neg neg male 5 years "Spain,2009" circus cage yes yes 63. 6/2/2014 Felidae Panthera leo lion 100 neg neg female 6 years "Spain,2008" circus cage yes yes 64. 6/10/2014 Felidae Panthera tigris tiger NT NT NT female 18 years "CB,Italy,1996" zoo cage no no 65. 9/1/2014 Felidae Panthera leo lion 800 50 neg male 18 years "CB,Italy,1996" zoo "group, paddock" no no 66. 9/20/2014 Felidae Panthera leo lion 1600 neg neg male 9 years "WC,Italy" circus "group, cage" no no 67. 9/20/2014 Felidae Panthera leo lion 800 50 neg male 20 years "CB,Spain" circus "group, cage" no no 68. 5/22/2014 Elephantidae Elephas maximus elephant 129.50% neg NT female 40 years 1974 circus cage yes yes 69. 7/10/2014 Elephantidae Elephas maximus elephant 189.80% neg NT female 32 years CB zoo group yes yes 70. 8/6/2014 Elephantidae Elephas maximus Indian elephant 132.20% neg NT female 56 years "CB, 1958" zoo "alone,paddock" yes no 71. 7/10/2014 Elephantidae Elephas maximus elephant 152.10% neg NT female 57 years CB circus "alone,paddock" no no 72. 6/3/2014 Hominidae Pan troglodytes chimpanzee neg neg neg female 30 years "CB,Romania,1984" zoo "group, cage" no no 73. 6/3/2014 Hominidae Pan troglodytes chimpanzee 400 neg neg female 25 years "CB,Romania,1989" zoo group no no 74. 6/3/2014 Hominidae Pan troglodytes chimpanzee 50 neg neg male 30 years "CB,Romania,1984" zoo ? no no 75. 6/3/2014 Hominidae Pan troglodytes chimpanzee neg neg neg female 18 years "CB,Romania,1996" zoo ? no no 76. 6/20/2014 Macropodidae Macropus rufogriseus Bennett´s wallaby neg neg NT male 5 months "CB,Italy,2014" zoo couple yes no ##### Sheet/List 2 ##### Characteristic Animals tested IFAT positive (%) Animals tested IFAT positive (%) T. gondii N. caninum E. cuniculi Family Bovidae 10 2 (20%) 10 1 (10%) 0 (0%) Camelidae 23 7 (30%) 23 0 (0%) 14 (61%) Cervidae 2 2 2 1 0 Elephantidae 4 4 0 NT NT Equidae 8 0 8 1 (13%) 0 Felidae 22 21 (95%) 22 6 (27%) 0 (0%) Hominidae 4 2 4 0 0 Macropodidae 1 0 0 NT NT Gender Male 44 22 (50%) 40 6 (15%) 10 (25%) Female 30 16 (53%) 29 3 (10%) 4 (14%) Age (years) 0 - 1 5 2 (40%) 4 2 1 ≥ 2 - 5 31 14 (45%) 31 2 (6%) 8 (26%) ≥ 6 - 9 19 10 (53%) 19 2 (11%) 4 (21%) ≥ 10 - 14 5 4 (80%) 5 1 (20%) 1 (20%) ≥ 15 14 8 (57%) 10 2 (20%) 0 (0%) Country of birth France 2 1 2 0 0 Holand 2 1 2 0 2 Hungary 1 1 1 0 0 Italy 29 15 (52%) 28 5 (18%) 7 (25%) Romania 4 2 4 0 0 Spain 19 12 (63%) 19 4 (21%) 2 (11%) Not known 17 6 (35%) 13 0 3 (23%) Origin Zoo 29 11 (38%) 26 2 (8%) 7 (27%) Circus 45 27 (60%) 43 7 (16%) 7 (16%) Housing Alone 4 2 2 0 1 Couple 6 2 (33%) 5 0 (0%) 4 (80%) Group 38 21 (55%) 37 8 (22%) 4 (11%) Not known 26 13 (50%) 25 1 (4%) 5 (20%) Contact with cats Yes 57 27 (47%) 53 6 (11%) 11 (21%) No 17 11 (65%) 16 3 (19%) 3 (19%) Contact with dogs Yes 41 23 (56%) 39 3 (8%) 9 (23%) No 33 15 (45%) 30 6 (20%) 5 (17%) Total 74 38 (51%) 69 9 (13%) 14 (20%) ##### Sheet/List 3 ##### Order and family Species No. of animal T. gondii N. caninum E. cuniculi Positive (%) Titres Positive (%) Titres Positive (%) Titres Bovidae Barbary sheep (Ammotragus lervia) 4 1 200 0 – 0 – Domestic yak (B. mutus f. grunniens) 3 0 – 0 – 0 – Watussi (B. primigenius f. taurus) 3 1 100 1 50 0 – Camelidae Alpaca (Lama guanicoe f. pacos) 4 2 50 0 – 3 50 Bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus) 9 2 (22%) 50 0 (0%) – 6 (67%) 50–1600 Dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius) 5 2 (40%) 50 0 (0%) – 2 (40%) 50 Llama (Lama guanicoe f. glama) 5 1 (20%) 50 0 (0%) – 3 (60%) 50 Cervidae Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) 2 2 "100, 800" 1 50 0 – Elephantidae Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) 4 4* 130–190 NT NT Equidae Grant´s zebra (Equus guagga boehmi) 8 0 (0%) – 1 50 0 (0%) – Felidae African lion (Panthera leo) 14 13 (93%) 100–3200 4 50–800 0 (0%) – Bengal tiger (P. tigris bengalensis) 8 8 (100%) 200–1600 2 50–1600 0 (0%) – Hominidae Common chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) 4 2 "50, 400" 0 – 0 – Macropodidae Bennet's wallaby (Macropus rufogriseus frutica) 1 0* – NT NT Total 14 species 74 38/74 (51%) 9/69 (13%) 14/69 (20%)