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READ THIS!
The following presentation has been developed through a collaborative project involving individuals
and organizations operating under the guidance of Smart Growth America.  Research assistance was
provided by  the U.S. EPA. The presentation is intended to be used to by individuals and
organizations committed to helping communities achieve the objectives of Smart Growth. If you have
any questions about the use of this presentation, please contact John Bailey (
jbailey@smartgrowthamerica.org ). Smart Growth America welcomes hearing from individuals about how
they plan to use this PowerPoint presentation. At the end of the presentation, there are a series
of 15 instruction slides. For example, there are directions on how to insert new photos tailored to
local communities or constituencies and how to prepare a printed handout to accompany your
presentation. There is space to write the presenter’s name and organization on the opening and
closing slides. And an organization’s logo can be placed to the left of the Smart Growth America
logo on each page (see slide 45). Before showing the presentation, presenters should cut and paste
all of the instructions slides into a separate file.

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A brief word about the script.  The script was written to be read word for word.   We’ve even let
you know when you should change slides:  look for the “[click].” Any information that should not be
read aloud to the audience, such as bibliographical information, is provided in italics within
parenthesis.  Keep in mind that in the presenter’s notes italics will not show up on your computers
screen, but they will show up in the printed version.
Good Luck!

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Insert Name of Presenter
and Organization
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I’m going to use this presentation to show what Smart Growth is--and what it’s not.
I’ll focus on what makes Smart Growth “smart.”  I’ll illustrate how Smart Growth expands choices
for families—choices in housing, choices in transportation, choices in how we invest our time and
resources.
I’ll also talk about why making smarter development choices is so imperative now.  The reasons have
to do with our families’ health and well-being, the fiscal solvency and vitality of our
communities, the quality of the environment, and social relations in our neighborhoods. [click]

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Families Care About How Communities Grow
•For example:
•There were 209 land conservation measures on ballots in 25 states
•83% Passed!
•$7.5 billion for land protection
•
NewsGIF
Election Day 2000 ballots included more than
550 growth-related measures in 38 states

Across the nation, families care about how their communities grow. On Election Day 2000, there were
more than 550 growth-related measures on the ballot in 38 states. [click]
There were 209 land conservation measures. 83% passed resulting in $7.5 billion for land
protection.
These ballot-box patterns are consistent with recent poll results.  For example, in a year 2000
poll by the Pew Center for Civic Journalism, sprawl joined crime and education as top concerns
among voters.  This underscores how closely people are linking growth and quality of life
concerns.  And in a poll conducted by Smart Growth America, 76% of respondents felt that states
should do more to manage and plan for new growth. [click]
(Ballot results taken from “Growth at the Ballot Box,” a study by Phyllis Meyers, published by the
Brookings Institution, February 2001, and from LandVote 2000 by the Land Trust Alliance)
(THIS LAST PART MAY NOT PRINT OUT. COPY IT IF YOU NEED IT FOR YOUR PRESENTATION.
If people ask about results in 2001, you can use this:  In 2001, a typically slow “off-year”
following a Presidential election, 196 ballot measures-in 190 different communities and 24
states-were placed before voters.  Of these, 137 measures were passed-a 70 percent national rate of
approval-generating approximately $1.7 billion in new public funding for parks and open space.)

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Economics
Transportation budgets
are
larger than
food budgets
Ø
•
Equity
Families
are finding
fewer choices
in housing
styles, price ranges, and neighborhoods
Engagement
People
have less
and less
time for involvement
in their
children’s schools
or other
civic
activities
•
•
Environment
Air and
water
pollution
are
threatening human
health
•
Headpiece Headpiece
 Why Do So Many Families Care?

So, why do so many people care? It is because the current pattern of development, Sprawl
Development, is not meeting the needs of families. [click]
Air and water pollution are threatening human health.  For example, recent studies have suggested a
greater link between tailpipe emissions and childhood asthma.  And urban runoff is a major cause of
water pollution.  The U.S. EPA has identified urban runoff as the leading contributor to ocean
shoreline pollution, and the third leading contributor to lake pollution. [click]
Transportation budgets are larger than food budgets. [click]
Families are finding fewer choices in housing styles, price ranges, and neighborhoods [click]
People have less and less time for involvement in their children’s schools or other civic
activities. [click]

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•Everything is a Drive Away
•Home
•School
•Shops
•Workplace
•Recreation
•Suburban mothers spend
17 full days a year
behind the wheel, more than the average parent spends dressing, bathing and feeding a child
•                        Source: Surface Transportation Policy Project
Soccer Moms Become Cab Driver Moms

Perhaps the most telltale sign of sprawl is the lack of choices that families have around
transportation. It turns a “soccer mom” into a “cab-driver mom”.
[click]
Irresponsible developments placed further and further out from established communities force us all
to spend more and more hours in our cars, just to make it through our daily activities. It
separates everything we do from everything else we do. [click]
Families start to take for granted that they must devote enormous parts of their days to just
getting around. [click]
But total car-dependency just doesn’t make sense.  Right now, one in three Americans is too old,
too young, or too poor to drive a car.  As the baby boom generation ages, the need for
transportation alternatives will be even greater.

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•Families Lack Time For Their Communities
?
•Each additional 10 minutes in daily commuting time cuts involvement in community affairs by
10%
From 1983-95, the average length of work trips increased by
36%
Source: U.S. Department
 of Transportation
Source: Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community,
by Robert D. Putnam

Families are not finding time to participate in their communities. [click]
Something has to give. [click]
Often it is engagement in community activities.
   [click]
That’s a high price to pay.  It goes against this country’s history of participatory democracy, and
our community life suffers as a result.

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Let’s Start With Definitions
• Smart Growth is well-planned development that keeps tax dollars in our communities and provides
more choices for our families.
• Sprawl is irresponsible development that takes our tax dollars away from our community and
destroys farmland and open space.

Let’s start with definitions of what Sprawl and Smart Growth are so we can be clear about what I’m
talking about.
So what is Sprawl? [click]
Sprawl is irresponsible development that takes our tax dollars away from our community and destroys
farmland and open space.
It affects us all – people living in urban, suburban, and rural communities.
And how is Sprawl different from Smart Growth? [click]
Smart Growth is well-planned development that keeps tax dollars in our communities and provides
more choices for our families.
[click]

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I’m Not Alone In Supporting Smart Growth
•National Association of Counties
•National Governors Association
•Smart Growth Network
•National Association of Realtors
•National Trust for Historic Preservation
•American Farmland Trust
•And many more
•
•
•
•
Organizations that have adopted Smart Growth principles include:

>

And I’m not alone in supporting Smart Growth. A number of key national associations have adopted
Smart Growth principles.  Organizations like the National Association of Counties, the National
Governors Association, the National Association of Realtors, and many more.  [click]

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Ten Principles Of Smart Growth:
• Mix land uses
• Take advantage of compact building design
• Create a range of housing opportunities and choices
• Create walkable neighborhoods
• Foster distinctive, attractive communities with a strong
sense of place
• Preserve open space, farmland, natural beauty, and critical environmental areas
• Strengthen and direct development towards existing communities
• Provide a variety of transportation choices
• Make development decisions predictable, fair, and cost effective
• Encourage community and stakeholder collaboration in development decisions
one two three four five six seven eight nine ten

>

These organizations have signed on to ten principles of Smart Growth.  Notice principle number nine
--“Make development decisions predictable, fair, and cost effective.”
Sprawl developments cost taxpayers big bucks, and these expenses are often unpredictable and out of
control.  If national, state, and local government policies did not encourage and subsidize sprawl,
communities would have the chance to grow in very different ways than they have been growing.
It is time to change the sprawl subsidies and promote more well-planned developments that provide
more choices for families.
Smart Growth is smart for taxpayers’ pocketbooks. [click]

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What Smart Growth “Is” And “Is Not”
•More transportation choices and less traffic
•Not against cars and roads
•Vibrant cities, suburbs, and towns
•Not anti-suburban
•Wider variety of housing choices
•
•Not about telling people where or how to live
•Well-planned growth that improves quality-of-life
•Not against growth

But it is important to point out what Smart Growth “IS”  and what it “IS NOT.” [click]
Smart Growth IS about more transportation choices and less traffic. It’s NOT against cars and
roads. Cars are our dominant mode of transportation, and will remain dominant. Smart Growth is
about more choices in how we get around. [click]
Smart Growth is about a variety of vibrant communities for families to choose among. It’s not
anti-suburban. [click]
It’s about a variety of housing choices. It’s not about telling people where or how to live. Smart
Growth provides more than just one kind of home--it gives people more choices, not fewer. [click]
Smart Growth is well-planned growth. It’s NOT against growth. [click] [click]

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•Sprawl Vs. Smart Growth
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Compare these two images. They contrast an image of Sprawl vs. an image of Smart Growth.
[click]
Why has the sprawl image so often prevailed in the last 50 years? Do free-market choices
necessarily result in sprawl?
Hardly. Our post-World War II development patterns have been greatly influenced by local, state and
federal government policies.
-- In fact, many of our favorite neighborhoods – main streets with apartments over shops, houses
fronting close on the street with a corner store nearby – are literally illegal to build now
because of local minimum lot size regulations, and prohibitions against mixing uses.
-- National policies have also played a role.  The 1956 Interstate Highway Act; the federal
mortgage financing program; and Urban Renewal, which often cleared away historic neighborhoods to
make way for highways, parking lots, and poorly designed housing projects.  Though the full
consequences of these policies may have been unforeseen, they are no less real. [click]

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Encourages participation in civic life and supports healthier and more active residents of all ages
•Encourages more affordable housing and creates better choices in transportation and housing
•Succeeds economically and attracts businesses and a skilled workforce
•
•Causes less air and water pollution, and destroys fewer farms and open space
Why Does Smart Growth Work Better?
•Environment
•Economy
•Equity
•Engagement

Smart Growth works better because it finds a way to balance the 4-E’s--the Environment, the
Economy, Equity, and Engagement. [click]
•It consumes less land and water, causes less air and water pollution, and destroys fewer farms and
open space. [click]
•It succeeds economically and attracts businesses and a skilled work force. [click]
•It encourages more affordable housing and creates better choices in transportation and housing.
[click]
•It encourages participation in civic life and supports healthier and more active residents of all
ages. [click]

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•Sprawl Creates Traffic Congestion
Why Do People Prefer Smart Growth?

And the sprawl experiment has another unanticipated consequence.  By building communities where you
can only get around by driving, we’ve discovered that every road we build is immediately
overburdened.  So we add more lanes…
But in the end, we learn that we lost more time in traffic during the construction process than we
gained when the road opened. We cut the ribbon and discover that nothing really changed. People are
still stuck in traffic without viable transportation choices.
Congestion is mostly a result of land use patterns, not a lack of road capacity.  Over the past 50
years, we have forced the segregation of our homes, workplaces, shops and schools.  Without
changing this pattern of development, no amount of paving will relieve road congestion. [click]
(source:  Texas Transportation Institute study of 68 largest metros)

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We’re Driving Ourselves Crazy
•Number of miles we drive
•25% increase in last 10 years
•Time we spend in traffic
•236% increase since 1982
•Money lost in time and fuel
•    $78 billion in 2000

Does anyone here have a pretty long commute to work? How long?
See whether this national data squares with your personal experience. [click] [click] [click]
The example of Atlanta, Georgia, affords a cautionary tale.  From its north to its south, Atlanta
grew 45 miles between 1992 and 1997.  Atlantans now travel an average of 35 miles per day, the most
in the U.S.  Their traffic difficulties convinced Hewlett Packard to cancel plans for an additional
office tower along the Atlanta beltway.

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Why Do People Prefer Smarter Growth?
•Smart Growth Provides More Transportation Choices

Smart Growth communities are providing more transportation choices for families.  Communities are
beginning to plan growth so that housing and businesses can locate near transit and the quality of
transit can be improved. They are thinking about the transportation needs of school children,
senior citizens, and people with disabilities. They are thinking about the needs of all kinds of
different families -- those busy soccer moms.  They have stopped. agreeing to accommodate sprawl,
and the traffic congestion that irresponsible development produces. [click]

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•Sprawl Provides
•Few or No Options for  Pedestrians and Cyclists
Why Do People Prefer Smart Growth?

1. How many people in this room had a parent who walked to school as a child?
2. How many of you ever walked to school?
3. Leave your hands up if you have children between 5 and 15?
4. Now, leave your hands up if your children walk to school?
(Note to speaker: typically 90% of hands are down by the end of the exercise. If not, you can say
"Well, you folks are doing great then. And you're the exception because most people across the
country no longer imagine their children walking to school.” – otherwise say…)
What you just saw in this room is true all across the country. Today, only about 10 percent of
American children between ages 5 and 15 walk to school - a figure that has plummeted from more than
50 percent in the 1960s.
[click]

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•Smart Growth Provides Safe Places to Walk, Bicycle and Tricycle
Why Do People Prefer Smart Growth?

Smart growth communities provide safe and accessible places for neighbors to meet, as they allow
their children to pedal their bikes and tricycles.
In walkable communities, neighbors are more likely to know each other.  That benefits everyone from
children to seniors.  It’s good for promoting a sense of community, and good for security against
crime because neighbors who know each other tend to look out for each other and each other’s
children.
 [click]

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•Sprawl Destroys Farmland
Why Do People Prefer Smart Growth?
•Between 1982-1992, the U.S. lost an average of
45.7 acres
of farmland per hour, every day.
4,000,000 acres in total!
Source: American Farmland Trust

Disappearing farms are becoming a new poster child for sprawl. Sprawl consumption of farmland will
soon compete with our appetite for food.
From 1982 to 1992, we lost an average of 400,000 acres per year of prime farmland to urban and
suburban development -- that’s 45.7 acres per hour, every single day.
What’s more, our most fertile farmland tends to be adjacent to metropolitan areas.  That means
farms get pushed to less fertile land, requiring more and more chemicals. Where does the runoff
go?  Chances are it winds up in a downstream water body.  [click]

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•Smart Growth Allows Farmers and Communities to Save Farmland
Why Do People Prefer Smart Growth?

If we don’t change this course,  farmers and farmlands will become part of history books and
museums. Smart Growth allows farmers and communities to save farmland.
Remember we’re sacrificing farmland to development at a rate that far outstrips population growth.
Many cities have actually lost population while expanding their developed land areas.  Cities like
this include Cleveland, Pittsburgh, and St. Louis.
[click]

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•Sprawl Consumes
•Open Space
Why Do People Prefer Smart Growth?

Cities across the country have found their favorite green spaces turned into housing developments.
Recreation opportunities are diminished, views are lost, and wildlife is displaced.  The paving of
open space also contributes to flooding. [click]

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•Smart Growth Creates Parks and Preserves Open Space
Why Do People Prefer Smart Growth?

Smart Growth works to protect the quality of life for families.
Critics of smart growth like to say there’s plenty of open space in the U.S. – missing the obvious
point that it’s difficult for  people in Maryland, for example, to use open space in Kansas or
Alaska.
[click]

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Residential Developments
Farms, Forests, Open Space
-.25
+.49
Source:
American Farmland Trust
Why Do People Prefer Smart Growth?
•Sprawl Costs
Tax Payers More
Money
Returns to Community Per Dollar Spent

 So sprawl depletes farms and open space.
   Don’t sprawl developments cover those costs by paying more in taxes?
   This is the prevailing myth that is operating out there -- that sprawl developments are good for
a local economy.
   In reality, sprawl developments suck more money out of a community than they contribute in
taxes.  As you can see by the graph, if you leave farmland and open space undeveloped, local
communities end up with a net gain of 49 cents on the dollar. On the other hand, residential
developments--particularly sprawl developments--end up costing taxpayers more money than the new
homeowners will contribute.  As one farmer put it…”My cows don’t go to school. My tomatoes don’t
need a hospital or jail.”

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•Smart Growth Costs Less
Why Do People Prefer Smart Growth?
•Roads
•Utilities
•Schools
•25% less
•15% less
• 5% less
Source: Economic and Fiscal Impacts of Alternative Land Use Patterns, by Robert Burchell,
Rutgers University

Here’s another graph to help illustrate my point that Smart Growth costs less.  [click]

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•In 1997, approximately
113 million people
lived in counties that had unhealthy air quality
Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Sprawl Pollutes the Environment and Harms Public Health
Why Do People Prefer Smart Growth?

It is sad but true that children--including very young children--are often found carrying inhalers.
School teachers no longer treat this as unusual for their students.
Learning to live with unhealthy air is not something that families should have to accept. We should
expect clean air and clean water for our children, and for many generations to come.
To be healthy, our children need vigorous exercise, preferably out of doors.  But in sprawling
regions with high smog levels, outdoor sports can increase asthma attacks in children.  [click]

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•Smart Growth Protects the Health of People and the Environment
Why Do People Prefer Smart Growth?

Smart Growth reduces some of the leading causes of air and water pollution. It places a value on
protecting the environment and human health.

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•Sprawl Takes Resources Away from Our Communities
Why Do People Prefer Smart Growth?

As you can see, I’m not very fond of sprawl.  I guess I’m also not very fond of the policies that
support this costly way to grow. It has led to subsidized new communities that come at the cost of
abandoned neighborhoods in many of our cities and older suburbs due to a lack of investments in
existing infrastructure.
[click]

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Why Do People Prefer Smart Growth?
•There has been a lot of talk about urban sprawl.
Well, one of the best ways to arrest urban sprawl
is to develop brownfields, and make them
productive pieces of land, where people
can find work and employment.
By one estimate, for every acre
of redeveloped brownfields,
we save four and a half
acres of open space.”
“
Source: President George W. Bush
Speech at signing of the Brownfields Redevelopment Act on January 11, 2002

>

On  January 11^th, 2002, President Bush signed into law, H.R. 2869, the Small Business Liability
Relief and Brownfields Revitalization Act, marking one of the first major federal legislative
victories for Smart Growth.
The redevelopment of brownfield sites, nearly half a million nationwide, is a critical Smart Growth
tool that helps to revitalize communities and alleviate pressure to develop farmland and open
space.  Redeveloping brownfields boosts the economy by generating jobs, supporting economic
development, and revitalizing distressed communities.  It improves the environment by cleaning up
polluted land and water and reducing the pressure to develop pristine areas.
[click]

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•Smart Growth Achieves the Right Balance
Smart Growth Enhances
Our Communities

Doesn’t it make more sense to develop in existing communities?  To spend resources wisely in
already-established neighborhoods in urban, suburban, and rural areas?   [click]
Smart Growth balances economic development against displacement and gentrification. [click]
It seeks a balance of income levels.
The Smart Growth process involves the whole community. [click]

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 How Do We Make Smart Growth Happen?
üSupport well designed developments
üConduct community vision exercises
üImplement participatory regional, citywide, and neighborhood planning
üBuild coalitions that include the entire community...businesses, schools, social equity groups,
environmental organizations, elected officials
üEncourage the public to vote for Smart Growth and Smart Growth candidates
•
•

So how do we make Smart Growth happen? [click]
•Support well designed developments   [click]
•Conduct community vision exercises   [click]
•Implement participatory regional, citywide, and neighborhood planning   [click]
•Build coalitions that include the entire community... businesses, schools, social equity groups,
environmental organizations, elected officials   [click]
•Encourage the public to vote for Smart growth and Smart Growth candidates   [click]

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Public Support is Rising for Smart Growth
•73% of the 113 ballot measures supporting parks and open space passed in November 2001, generating
$905 million
•Transit use has grown 21%, while driving has increased only 11%, in the last 5 years
•More than 1,000 bills aimed at reforming land use regulations were introduced in state
legislatures nationwide in 1999
•11 states have created statewide growth related commissions, since 1997

>

Lots of data points to the fact that public support is rising for Smart Growth. Are you surprised
by any of these facts?  [click]

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More Families Are Choosing Smart Growth
•Smart Growth is
•on a Roll
•Across the Nation
•
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>

As I pointed out earlier, Smart Growth is “on a Roll” across the nation. More families are choosing
Smart Growth for all the right reasons.
[click]

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Instructions

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this PowerPoint presentation was provided by
Contact Paul Tumey if you have further technical questions or for information on how Dreamingdog
can help you deliver PowerPoint presentations that communicate clearly and with maximum impact:
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Table of Contents
•Important First Step
•Add and Delete Slides in Slide Sorter View
•How to Add and Delete Slides
•Use Slide View to Insert Text and Photos
•How to Insert Text
•How to Insert A Photo
•How to Crop A Photo
•Using the “Polaroid” Frame
•How to Insert Your Logo
•How to Print this Presentation
•Presenters Script in Speaker’s Notes
(Click on link in Slide Show View to go to slide)

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How To Use This Presentation
•This presentation was designed by various organizations to help you inform and educate people
about Smart Growth
•Some of the slides, including definitions of sprawl and Smart Growth, the ten principles of Smart
Growth, etc. should stay as they are, because they represent a national standard
•Some of the slides are meant to contain your own information, about your own region
•A set of basic instructions for working with this presentation follow -- delete these slides
before you make your presentation
•
•

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Important First Step!
§In the upper menu, choose FILE>SAVE AS and rename your own version, such as “Smart Growth.My
Organization.ppt”.
(This preserves the original as an unchanged “master”to always work from).
§Do this NOW, before you go on.
§
§
•
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Back to Table of Contents

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Add and Delete Slides in Slide Sorter View
§
§Add new slides and delete slides in Slide Sorter view. You can also rearrange slides in this view,
by clicking and dragging, or cutting and pasting.
•
Slide views are controlled by
this small toolbar on the bottom left of your screen
Slide Sorter view button
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Back to Table of Contents

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How to Add and Delete Slides
•To Delete slides (such as these instruction slides), simply click on the slide and press the
Delete key on your keyboard
Slide Sort View
•To Add new slides, click your cursor where you’d like the new slide, and press Cntrl+M (for Macs
“Command + M”). In the New Slide palette that comes up, choose the slide layout you need and click
“OK.”
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New Slide Palette
Back to Table of Contents

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Use Slide View to Insert Text and Photos
•Add or change text and
photos in Slide View
Slide views are controlled by
this small toolbar on the bottom left of your screen
Slide View
button
[USEMAP]
Back to Table of Contents

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How to Insert Text
•In the upper menu, choose View> Toolbars> Drawing to get the Drawing toolbar
•Click on the Text Box button and then click on your slide. This inserts a text box into your
slide, into which you can type your text. This box can be moved and resized as needed.
[USEMAP]
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How To Insert A Photo
•In the upper menu, choose Insert > Picture > From File and find your photo
•Resize your photo by clicking on it and dragging the corner handles out or in
•
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How to Crop A Photo
1.Go to VIEW in the upper menu and select TOOLBARS>PICTURE. This will bring up the picture toolbar
2.
2.
2.Click on the image you wish to crop
3.Click on the crop tool in the toolbar
4.Notice the pointer changes into the crop tool. Position the crop tool over one of the white
squares surrounding the image and, while holding the left mouse button down, drag it in to crop
•
Crop Tool
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Using the “Polaroid” Frame
PolaroidBlankFrameGIF [USEMAP]
All the “Polaroid” photos in this presentation are actually in two parts, the frame and the image.
Some are grouped, which means you can’t separate the images from the frames. To ungroup, go to
DRAW>UNGROUP.
You can use the frame at left to make a Polaroid treatment of any image you have by copying and
pasting it into your slide and arranging your image  in it.
Back to Table of Contents

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How to Insert Your Logo
•In the upper menu, go to View > Master > Slide Master
•Choose Insert>Picture>From File and insert your logo into the Slide Master
•Position it next to the Smart Growth America logo and resize/crop as needed
•View>Normal
[USEMAP]
Back to Table of Contents

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How to Print this Presentation
•If you are printing in color, it’s simple. In the upper menu, choose Print and select the best
options for you in the Print Dialogue Box.
•If you are printing in black and white:
1.After you make your changes, choose File>Save As and add the word “Print” to the end of your new
file name.
2.In the upper menu, choose View>Master>Slide Master
3.Click on the blue background and hit the “Delete” key – This reveals a different background, more
friendly for black and white printing.
4.View>Normal and
choose File>Print
5.Select the “Grayscale” option
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Presenter’s Script in Speakers Notes
•You can find a helpful suggested script in the Speakers Notes of each slide
To view speakers notes, simply click on the bottom pane border in
Slide View
and drag it up.
Bottom pane border
[USEMAP]
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