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5 DYNAMIC PLANET


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IN THIS LESSON WE ARE GOING TO:
•revise the vocabulary from the previous lesson
•revise the grammar (passive voice)
•learn how to describe our planet and its processes
•learn how to use conditionals
•discuss hypothetical situations
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WHICH ASSOCIATIONS DO YOU HAVE WITH THE FOLLOWING:
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•Crust ____________________________________
•Mantle __________________________________
•Core ____________________________________
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CONDITIONALS
•Is the following sentence related to the past/present/future?
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•If there was a tunnel all the way to the core, how long would it take a skydiver to fall to the
centre of the Earth?
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WHEN AND HOW TO USE THEM?
•How do these sentences differ in the meaning and structure?
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•If you melt a rock, it becomes liquid. Zero conditional
•If you touch this liquid rock, you will get hurt. First conditional
•If I were you, I wouldn‘t touch it. Second conditional („were“ instead of „was“ should be used in
all cases in formal English. „Was“ with „he/she/it/there“ sounds more natural in a spoken language
but it‘s not a mistake to use both forms. In a formal context use „were“ all the time and you can‘t
make a mistake. Only the phrase: „If I were you…“ requires always „were“ instead of „was“, even in
a spoken language.)
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•If you had listened to me, you wouldn‘t have had to go to hospital. Third conditional
•If you had listened to me, you wouldn‘t suffer so much now! Mixed conditional
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STRUCTURE
•Zero conditional – If + present tense, present tense (fact)
•First conditional – If + present tense, will + infinitive (specific real situation)
•Second conditional – If + past tense, would + infinitive (hypothetical situation, unreal present)
•Third conditional – If + past perfect, would + present perfect (unreal past)
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•What is the difference?
•Talk to him when you see him.
•Talk to him if you see him.
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•Wishes
•I have a lot of work. – I wish I didn‘t have so much work!
•I sent that e-mail without correcting the mistakes. – I wish I hadn‘t sent the e-mail! I wish I
had checked it!
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DISCUSS


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SOURCES
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•http://the-dialogue.com/en/en66-how-plate-tectonics-is-connected-with-life-on-the-planet/ (picture
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•https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1f-duh6frmo (video)
•https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/conditionals.html  (grammar)
•https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/conditional-sentences (more grammar :-)
•https://www.flo-joe.co.uk/fce/students/strategy/transfrm/conditn.htm (more grammar - including all
conditional structures)
•Kelly, K. Science. Macmillan Publishers Limited, Oxford 2008 (The layers of the Earth -
vocabulary)
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