Introduction to the Course:
Contemporary Hunters-Gatherers: Behavior, Ecology, & Change


Who am I and how did I start to be interested into hunters-gatherers?






Primate Parasite/Symbiont Ecologist
Symbiont ecology
Conservation Biology
Primate ecology
Medical anthropology
Microbiology
Human ecology
Zoology/primatology
Parasitology
IVB CAS: Primate Symbiont Ecology Research Group

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Sapo
Virungas
Kalinzu
Rubondo
Ugalla
Cantanhez
Dzanga Sangha
Dja
Campo Ma’an
Petit Loango

Collaborative Research
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What are we looking at and why does it matter?



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•N. americanus
•N. gorillae
?
•N. gorillae

Figure 08
Why study Hunter-Gatherers?


Hunter-Gatherers (Foragers) Defined
⦿Term Pygmy
⚫widely recognized, but considered derogatory
⚫not all all hunters- gatherers
⚫not all live in the forest

Hunter-Gatherers (Foragers) Defined
⦿Economically – mode of subsistence
⚫reliance on hunting wild animals, gathering wild plant foods, and fishing
⚫no domesticated plants and animals (except dogs)

Inuit_Seal_Hunting.jpg KungSan gather.jpg Mongongo.jpg

Hunter-Gatherers (Foragers) Defined
⦿Socially – band level societies, live in small groups where membership is flexible and relations
are generally egalitarian
⦿ Multiple child caregiving
Inuit band.jpg kung band.jpg

Hunter-Gatherers (Foragers) Defined
⦿Cosmology and world-view
⦿Complex relationships with neighboring farming groups
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Sharing
⦿Varied patterns
⦿Intricate
⚫Sharing and permission are not as simple as we think!
⦿Sharing and Reciprocity
Hunter-Gatherers and the Mythology of the Market - John Gowdy

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AwS7JaWB0x8