Social epidemiology
Week 13
1. Think about the possible interventions that could lead to reduce prevalence of smoking in population.
Discuss the ideas in different levels:
- Policy approaches
- Worksites interventions
- Community-based interventions
- Family and individual-based interventions
2. Family Rewards offered cash transfers to 2,377 families that were conditional upon their investments in
education, preventive health care, and parental employment; and compared their health to a control group
of 2,372 families. The program operated between 2007 and 2010 in New York City. Households earned
on average $8,674 over the three years of the program. It corresponds to a 22% increase in average
monthly income. 1
a) Read the table below and interpret the “preventive health care” results compared to “health
outcomes”.
b) Why the program succeeded to improve preventive care but not health outcomes?
c) Compare the “preventive health care” results in 18-month and 42-month.
*significant p-value
1 Courtin, E., Muennig, P., Verma, N., Riccio, J. A., Lagarde, M., Vineis, P., Kawachi, I., & Avendano Pabon, M. (2018). Conditional Cash Transfers
And Health Of Low-Income Families In The US: Evaluating The Family Rewards Experiment. Health Affairs, 37(3), 438-446.
https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2017.1271
d) Read the table below. What differences between LMIC and the US could explain the lack of significant
results in children’s health?
e) Which parental characteristics do you think were used to adjust the results?