Protonephridia or Tlame cell
Annelid
Rotifer
Platyhelminth
Filtration
i
Coelom —►Kidney duct
(a)
Filtration —► primary urine
Modification—► secondary urine
Coelom, pseudocoel, blastocoel, interstitium
'Metanephrídia1 or 'coelomoduct'
Mammal
Mollusc
Blood vessel
Bowman's capsule
Nephron
	Crustacean	
	/	
/		/Antenna gland"
Pericardium	#^|	
Heart	^L '  .^t Jv	
Filtration
\
Blood—►Coelom—>■ Kidney
duct
(b)
Filtration —► primary urine
Haemolymph sinus
(DO Podocytes H Blood vessel
Coelom x^Duct
Modification —► secondary urine
Foregut
Midgut
Hindgut
r
Major water movements
Mouth
Salivary
gland
Major salt movements
i r
Caeca
Malpighian tubule
—*- Into gut => Out of gut
Absorptive cycle     Excretory cycle
ß*  Active £?*  Passive
Transport vody a látek přes membrány
Lumen
Malp.
tub.
o Hemolymfa