3. Aminokyseliny

   

   

   Základní struktura aminokyselin

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   


   

  


  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

   

   

   

  

  ACIDOBAZICKÉ vlastnosti

  

   

   

   

   

   

   

   Izoelektrický bod    

   

   

   

   

   

   Tabulka pK

       Skupina           pK            Skupina           pK            Skupina           pK       
       a COOH         1.8 - 2.5        b COOH            3.9           g COOH           4.1       
       a NH[2          9 - 10          e NH[2           10.8          guanidin          12.5      
      ]imidazol          6.0             ]SH             8.3             OH             10.1      

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   


   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   


   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   


   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   |AMK                   |        Symboly        |AMK                   |       Symboly        |
   |----------------------+-----------------------+----------------------+----------------------|
   |glycin                |    Gly    |     G     |methionin             |    Met    |    M     |
   |----------------------+-----------+-----------+----------------------+-----------+----------|
   |alanin                |    Ala    |     A     |glutamová k.          |    Glu    |    E     |
   |----------------------+-----------+-----------+----------------------+-----------+----------|
   |valin                 |    Val    |     V     |asparagin             |    Asn    |    N     |
   |----------------------+-----------+-----------+----------------------+-----------+----------|
   |leucin                |    Leu    |     L     |glutamin              |    Gln    |    Q     |
   |----------------------+-----------+-----------+----------------------+-----------+----------|
   |izoleucin             |    Ile    |     I     |lysin                 |    Lys    |    K     |
   |----------------------+-----------+-----------+----------------------+-----------+----------|
   |serin                 |    Ser    |     S     |arginin               |    Arg    |    R     |
   |----------------------+-----------+-----------+----------------------+-----------+----------|
   |threonin              |    Thr    |     T     |tyrosin               |    Tyr    |    Y     |
   |----------------------+-----------+-----------+----------------------+-----------+----------|
   |cystein               |    Cys    |     C     |fenylalanin           |    Phe    |    F     |
   |----------------------+-----------+-----------+----------------------+-----------+----------|
   |histidin              |    His    |     H     |tryptofan             |    Trp    |    W     |
   |----------------------+-----------+-----------+----------------------+-----------+----------|
   |prolin                |    Pro    |     P     |asparagová k.         |    Asp    |    D     |
   +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

   

   

   

   

   

   

   b alanin

   ornitin a citrulin

   g aminomáselná

   antibiotika - azaserin, cykloserin, chloramfenikol

   nervové mediátory - DOPA, dopamin, adrenalin

   hormony - thyroxin, trijodthyronin