RESEARCH ON INFLUENZA  KEY



Listening: Flu Vaccine^2   http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zCBlxqmOMKM


2. Match the expressions with their synonyms or descriptions.


Ailment     illness


Assume     believe, accept without proof


Authorities              official departments that make decisions


Chills        sudden feelings of coldness


Contract    catch


Contagious               infectious


Fluids        liquids


Malnutrition         weakness from not eating   enough good food


Pneumonia                 disease which affects lungs


Prevalent  widespread, common


Respiratory   related to breathing


Strain        type with special characteristics





3. Listen to the recording and answer the questions.


 1. What is influenza ?    contagious respiratory disease
 2. What are the symptoms ? fever, chills, cough, fatigue, lost appetite
 3. What is recommended ?  bed rest, fluids
 4. Who is at greater risk of complications ? the elderly, people with medical problems
 5. How many flu-cused deaths are shown by official reports ? a few hundred
 6. What other causes of death are compared with flu ?  asthma, malnutrition
 7. What are the forms of flu vaccines in the US ? injections, nasal spray
 8. Why do authorities travel to Asia ? to determine which strains are currently active
 9. What are vaccine manufacturers instructed to do ? include these strains in new vaccine


Reading^3

^

1. Scanning. Read the text quickly and answer this question: What is the flu´s secret ingredient?

an additional eleventh protein


2. Multiple choice - Choose the right option:


1. The researchers made the discovery

c)  while studying the body´s immune system


2.  The additional protein

b) remained hidden to researchers for nearly 20 years


3. The discovery

b) will inspire future research




3. Comprehension: Say whether these statmements are true or
false.

If they are false, say what is true.

a)      The flu virus produces 11 proteins.
              T

……………………………………………………………………………………………….

b)      The newly discovered protein goes to ribozomes.
     F

……………………………………………to mitochondria………………………

c)      This protein can determine the virulence of the flu virus.                            T

            …………………………………………………………………………………………….....

d)      Research has shown its presence in some other animals, too.                           F

             ……research about this is likely…………………………………………………


4. Read the text again and try to translate the following expressions:


1.            make a chance discovery    učinit náhodný objev

2.            be good at attacking humans   snadno napadá člověka

3.            identify an additional protein   rozpoznat další protein

4.            determine how virulent a particular strain of the flu virus is  určit jak nakažlivý
daný kmen chřipky je

5.            consider the resulting peptides as waste products   považovat výsledné peptidy za
odpadní produkty

6.            accelerate the ability to harm cells   zrychlit schopnost poškozovat buňky

7.            it remains to be seen    zůstává otázkou

8.            further research is likely   je pravděpodobné, že bude probíhat další výzkum


5. Here are some verbs and adjectives from the text. Use suffixes to change them into nouns.

Vaccinate  vaccination

Infect       infection

Replicate  replication

Consider  consideration

Determine  determination

Involve   involvement

Virulent virulence

Occur  occurrence

Present  presence

explain  explanation                            discover  discovery
strong    strength




Homework: Complete the missing singular or plural forms.

1. mitochondrion              mitochondria                       6. radius
radii

2. criterion                       criteria                                7.
nucleus                        nuclei

3. phenomenon                phenomena                         8. focus
foci

4. formula                        formulae                             9.
fungus                          fungi

5. thesis                           theses                                 10.
analysis                      analyses