WATER - Introduction

Brainstorming

How many percent of the earth’s surface is covered by water?

What happens when water freezes?

What happens when water condenses?

What happens when water evaporates?


Task: Describe the distribution of Earth´s water. Use emphasizers only, not more than /almost all,
most.   Give contrasts by using while, whereas etc.

As green plants make food, they give off water vapor to the atmosphere through pores in their
leaves in a process called transpiration.

 Water also evaporates from the surface of a human skin when our body gets rid of its moisture. How
do we call that process?

During all the years between the formation of the earth and now, water has been moving continuously
into and out of the atmosphere in a process called water or hydrologic cycle.


Task: Describe the process in pairs.

Key words: cool, cause (as a verb), enter, fall (back), return, soak into, stay on the surface,
run off, precipitation, evapotranspiration, (under) ground water supply


Grammar revision:  1.vyjádření stejné míry
                                   2.vyjádření přímé úměry

Why is this process, on a worldwide basis, a balanced system?



 Conversation Topic

Describe a stream near your home.

Where does it start? Try to give the exact location.

What larger body of water does it flow into?

 Is it clean or polluted? What causes the pollution?

Is there a hope for improvement ( sewage water treatment plant / reduction of pollution)?
Does it provide a habitat for many plants and animals?


Key words:   spring, start, source, rise, head (pramen, pramenit), origin (pramen),
thermal spring / well head (zřídlo/vřídlo), outflow / karst spring (“vyvěračka”), sinking /
foundering (propadání, ponor), stream (potok, pramínek, říčka), streamlet (potůček, strouha,
pramének), brook, creek (potok), the upper reaches of a river (horní tok); river bed (řečiště),
bank (břeh), watercourse (tok), confluence (soutok), waterway (splavný tok), channel (průliv),
canal / industrial watercourse  (průplav), well (studna), dam (hráz), reservoir / lake (přehradní
nádrž)
Warning: water bed =vrstva hrubého štěrku na bázi jílu!  stem=pramenit z čeho (jen přeneseně)
microbiological analysis of drinking water (pitné vody), liquid wastes, sewage = odpadní vody
What is a structure like bridge that takes water across a valley?

More vocabulary in Lingea - Rivers and Lakes or Rivers- Unit 3 in our Syllabus.


Task 1: Find the synonyms in the text Water and Ancient Civilizations to fit the following
meanings:  Belonging to times long past =
need (par.1) =
Cultivate by growing (2) =                                                        proof (3) =
                         began/developed/originated (4)  =
supplying dry land with water by means of ditches etc. (4) =


Task 2: Find the opposites in the text to fit the following meanings:

Interrupted (1) -                             , set free into nature (3) -

came to an end (4) -                                      fall (5) -
, decreased (5) -


Task: Read the text.

(text from Fariel, R. - Hinds, R. - Berey,D.: Earth Science, Addison-Wesley 1987 )


Tasks - Věra Hranáčová, English for Earth Science


Homework: Gap-fill test “Water collects on the ground”