Administration of  Questionnaires
Lesson 7
29.10.2013
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Possible choices
• Surveys based on face to face interviews
• Postal Surveys
• Telephone Surveys
• Online Surveys (social media or any other)
•
•
Can we assume  face to face interviews as most feasible way to collect data from developing
countries ?

Sampling Methods for DC: Considerations
Ø The geographical,
Ø ethnic
Ø linguistic situation and,
Ø The existing sociological structures
UNESCO 1963. P.8

Sampling related matters
What types
• Simple random sampling
• Stratified sampling
•Multi- Stage sampling
Do we have enough information to select samples from developing countries?
• Name lists
• Maps showing geographical boundaries
• Some micro-features not available in maps

Towards some solutions
• Field familiarization visits
• Topo maps, Google map
•  Taking the help from village headman or any other knowledgeable persons to manage the survey
•
Boundaries of village, communities etc., initiatives to take samples

Village map showing different segments
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Village Headman in Rajasthan
Village Headman in Uttar Predesh
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Simunaya village headman (S. Africa)
Range of socio-economic background of village leaders

Local Headmen’s  in Managing Surveys
ØThey have an intimate knowledge of their culture
ØKnowledgeable local peoples’ support to plan the survey and to know where about for more
logistical things can be used.
Ø Be informed heads/chiefs of the tribe in advance
Ø
 Fink notes this for Laos and
Hoffmann for Africa. (p.13)

Determining the respondents and responses
Doubts
Options
Remarks
Who will be the respondents?
Chief household- Husband/wife
• Is it possible to make a prior appointment?
• Is it possible to pay attention to their free times (ethics?)
Will they be available?
• Any other matured family member
• Visiting later
• Collecting data from next house
Nature of responses
• Personal
• Collective
Taboos, bound by family and community (individual Quest. May not be ideal)

Interviewers
• Ideal to have interviewers from the same ethnic group
• Same social status to avoid inferiority
• A prior training may be important
• Supervisor for a several enumerators
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Box 1: interviewer training in Laos social Survey (thee and half day training)
1st, day morning-          Training of ‘do’s and ‘don’t s
1st, day afternoon-        Explanation of questionnaire
2nd’ day morning-        Mock interviews with friends
2nd’ day afternoon        Discussion & review of m. interviews
3rd’ day morning        Interview with a stranger
3rd’ day afternoon        Review interviews and exp. sampling
Fink, R. (1963)

Afternoon reviewing and debriefing of interviewers works
• Editing errors
• Completing incomplete parts
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At last you will have duly completed required number of questionnaires. Out of them now you can
develop data bases and start analysis.
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For Next Week Discussion (05.11.2014)
1. Study the following article
Preliminary Investigation and Interview Guide Development or Studying how Malaysian Farmers’ Form
their Mental
Models of Farming
Steven Eric Krauss, Azimi Hamzah, Zoharah Omar, Turiman Suandi, Ismi Arif Ismail and Mohd Zaidan
Zahari
2. Write the introduction and elaborate your research objectives (Maximum 2 pages)