Week 11 Place-making Task 1 Discuss in pairs A) Why do people identify with places? Why is the concept of identification with places important to geographers? What are some of the questions related to this topic that a geographer might explore? B) How are the following terms related to place-making? graffiti – globalization – resources – topophilia - overcrowding Task 2 Which of the texts below would you like to read and why? What academic collocations can you identify in the texts above? · Paasi, Anssi. “Territory.” In A Companion to Political Geography. Edited by John Agnew, Katharyne Mitchell, and Gerard Toal, 109–122. Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2008. Paasi demonstrates how material, social, and symbolic dimensions of social life and social power are brought together in territory. He also stresses how territories and their boundaries are subject to periodic or continuous contestation, modification, transformation, and destruction. · Jones, Owain, and Joanne Garde-Hansen, eds. Geography and Memory. Explorations in Identity, Place and Becoming. Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012. Through academic, literary, artistic, and therapeutic approaches, the book offers an introduction to the importance of personal memories in subject formation, attending to what the editors call geographies of memories and memories of geographies. · Rose, Gillian. “Place and Identity: A Sense of Place.” In A Place in the World. Edited by Doreen Massey and Pat Jess, 87–132. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995. The link between place and identity is analysed, in a very accessible way, according to three different registers: identification with a place; identification against a place (the construction of “we” vs. “them”); and non-identification with places (feelings of displacement or estrangement). (www.oxfordbibliographies.com) Task 3 Elements of cognitive images Two of the most important attributes of cognitive images are that they both simplify and distort real-world environments. Research on the ways in which people simplify the world through such means has suggested, for example, that many people tend to organize their cognitive images of particular parts of their world in terms of several simple elements: Paths Edges Districts Nodes Landmarks Can you think of examples of each of these elements? Task 4 Cognitive images and behaviour How do cognitive images influence behaviour? What do experts mean when they call the relationship between cognitive images and behaviour a two-way relationship? Complete the sentences about this relationship: e.g. The more first-hand information people have about their environments, the more detailed and comprehensive their images will be. The more of the elements an environment contains, the ……………………………………. . The narrower and more localized people´s images are, the …………………………………. . The more affluent and mobile residents are, the ………………………………………………. Task 5 Cittaslow What do you know about Cittaslow movement? Note down the most important points as you watch. (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o52UIdTVJy8) Based on your notes write a paragraph about the movement. Which aspects of it do you most appreciate? You can use the phrases below. The aims of the movement are to… The members committed themselves to… The movement is a response to… The campaigns cover a range of causes, such as… The member towns must pledge to… Task 6 Complete the gaps with suitable verbs from below. There might be more correct answers and you do not need to use all the verbs in the list. Change the form of the verb if necessary. argue construct discuss emphasise explore highlight make prove provide review A) This is a useful introduction that ………………. that territoriality is deeply embedded in social relations and territories result from social practices and processes. Delaney ……………… how ideas of territory tend to obscure questions of power, ideology, and authority. He ………………… the point that territories are more than just bounded spatial entities; they can be seen as a fusion of meaning, power, and space. B) The book …………. a theoretical introduction to the relationship between identity and place from psychological, sociological, and geographical perspectives. Although the empirical focus is on how women’s identities are ………… in and through places, the book …………… useful to the study of identity formation more generally. C) This article ……………. the social science literature on warning responses and vulnerable populations and presents seven conditions where researchers have ……………….significant contributions. New technologies, different methodological approaches, sampling designs, and participation are also …………….., leading to a series of recommendations for further research. (www.oxfordbibliographies.com) Task 7 Word formation Complete the gaps with suitable forms of the words in brackets. Sacred Spaces Sacred spaces are areas of the globe recognised by individuals or groups as worthy of special attention because they are sites of special religious experiences and events. They do not occur ……………. (NATURAL), rather, they are assigned sanctity through the values and belief systems of particular groups or individuals. Often members of a specific religion are expected to journey to …………. (SPECIAL) important sacred places to ………….. (NEW) their faith and demonstrate ……………. (DEVOTE). A …………… (PILGRIM) is a journey to a sacred place, and a pilgrim is a person who undertakes such a journey. In India many of the sacred sites are concentrated along the seven sacred rivers. The Ganges is India´s ………….. (HOLY) river, and many sacred sites are located along its banks. Hindus visit these sites for a ………… (VARY) of reasons, including to seek a cure for …………… (SICK), wash away sins, and fulfil a promise to deity. Perhaps the most well-known ………….. (PILGRIM) is the hajj, the ………….. (OBLIGE) once-in-a-lifetime journey of Muslims to Mecca. For one month every year the city of Mecca in Saudi Arabia swells from its base population of 150,000 to over 1,000,000 as pilgrims from all over the world come to receive the grace and ………….. (BLESS) of Allah. (texts in tasks 3,4, and 7 adapted from Knox, P.L. & Marston, S. A. (2007). Human Geography. Pearson Education.)