INSPIRE
Infrastructure for Spatial Information in Europe
D2.8.I.6 INSPIRE Data Specification on Cadastral Parcels –
Guidelines
Title D2.8.I.6 INSPIRE Data Specification on Cadastral Parcels – Guidelines
Creator INSPIRE Thematic Working Group Cadastral Parcels
Date 2010-04-26
Subject INSPIRE Data Specification for the spatial data theme Cadastral Parcels
Publisher INSPIRE Thematic Working Group Cadastral Parcels
Type Text
Description This document describes the INSPIRE Data Specification for the spatial data theme
Cadastral Parcels
Contributor Members of the INSPIRE Thematic Working Group Cadastral Parcels
Format Portable Document Format (pdf)
Source
Rights Public
Identifier INSPIRE_DataSpecification_CP_v3.0.1.pdf
Language En
Relation Directive 2007/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 March 2007
establishing an Infrastructure for Spatial Information in the European Community
(INSPIRE)
Coverage Project duration
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Foreword
How to read the document?
This guideline describes the INSPIRE Data Specification on Cadastral parcels as developed by the
Thematic Working Group Cadastral parcels using both natural and a conceptual schema languages.
The data specification is based on the agreed common INSPIRE data specification template.
The guideline contains detailed technical documentation of the data specification highlighting the
mandatory and the recommended elements related to the implementation of INSPIRE. The technical
provisions and the underlying concepts are often illustrated by examples. Smaller examples are within
the text of the specification, while longer explanatory examples are attached in the annexes. The
technical details are expected to be of prime interest to those organisations that are/will be responsible
for implementing INSPIRE within the field of Cadastral parcels.
At the beginning of the document, two executive summaries are included that provide a quick
overview of the INSPIRE data specification process in general, and the content of the data
specification on Cadastral parcels in particular. We highly recommend that managers, decision
makers, and all those new to the INSPIRE process and/or information modelling should read these
executive summaries first.
The UML diagrams (in Chapter 5) offer a rapid way to see the main elements of the specifications and
their relationships. Chapter 5 also contains the Feature Catalogue including the definition of the spatial
object types, attributes, and relationships. People having thematic expertise but not familiar with UML
can fully understand the content of the data model focusing on the Feature Catalogue. Users might
also find the Feature Catalogue especially useful to check if it contains the data necessary for the
applications that they run.
The document will be publicly available as a ‘non-paper’. It does not represent an official position of
the European Commission, and as such can not be invoked in the context of legal procedures.
Legal Notice
Neither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible
for the use which might be made of this publication.
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Interoperability of Spatial Data Sets and Services –
General Executive Summary
The challenges regarding the lack of availability, quality, organisation, accessibility, and sharing of
spatial information are common to a large number of policies and activities and are experienced
across the various levels of public authority in Europe. In order to solve these problems it is necessary
to take measures of coordination between the users and providers of spatial information. The Directive
2007/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council adopted on 14 March 2007 aims at
establishing an Infrastructure for Spatial Information in the European Community (INSPIRE) for
environmental policies, or policies and activities that have an impact on the environment.
INSPIRE will be based on the infrastructures for spatial information that are created and maintained by
the Member States. To support the establishment of a European infrastructure, Implementing Rules
addressing the following components of the infrastructure are being specified: metadata,
interoperability of spatial data themes (as described in Annexes I, II, III of the Directive) and spatial
data services, network services and technologies, data and service sharing, and monitoring and
reporting procedures.
INSPIRE does not require collection of new data. However, after the period specified in the Directive1
Member States have to make their data available according to the Implementing Rules.
Interoperability in INSPIRE means the possibility to combine spatial data and services from different
sources across the European Community in a consistent way without involving specific efforts of
humans or machines. It is important to note that “interoperability” is understood as providing access to
spatial data sets through network services, typically via Internet. Interoperability may be achieved by
either changing (harmonising) and storing existing data sets or transforming them via services for
publication in the INSPIRE infrastructure. It is expected that users will spend less time and efforts on
understanding and integrating data when they build their applications based on data delivered within
INSPIRE.
In order to benefit from the endeavours of international standardisation bodies and organisations
established under international law their standards and technical means have been referenced,
whenever possible.
To facilitate the implementation of INSPIRE, it is important that all stakeholders have the opportunity
to participate in its specification and development. For this reason, the Commission has put in place a
consensus building process involving data users and providers together with representatives of
industry, research, and government. These stakeholders, organised through Spatial Data Interest
Communities (SDIC) and Legally Mandated Organisations (LMO)2
, have provided reference materials,
participated in the user requirement and technical3
surveys, proposed experts for the Data
Specification Drafting Team4
and Thematic Working Groups5
, expressed their views on the drafts of
the technical documents of the data specification development framework6
; they have reviewed and
tested the draft data specifications and have been invited to comment the draft structure of the
implementing rule on interoperability of spatial data sets and services.
1
For Annex I data: within two years of the adoption of the corresponding Implementing Rules for newly collected
and extensively restructured data and within 7 years for other data in electronic format still in use.
2
The number of SDICs and LMOs on 21/08/2009 was 301 and 176 respectively
3
Surveys on unique identifiers and usage of the elements of the spatial and temporal schema,
4
The Data Specification Drafting Team has been composed of experts from Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic,
France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Switzerland, UK, and the European
Environmental Agency
5
The Thematic Working Groups of Annex I themes have been composed of experts from Belgium, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy Netherland, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovenia,
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, the European Commission, and the European Environmental Agency
6
Four documents describing common principles for data specifications across all spatial data themes. See further
details in the text.
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TWG-CP INSPIRE Data Specification on Cadastral parcels 2010-04-26 Page IV
The development framework elaborated by the Data Specification Drafting Team aims at keeping the
data specifications of the different themes coherent. It summarises the methodology to be used for the
data specifications and provides a coherent set of requirements and recommendations to achieve
interoperability. The pillars of the framework are four technical documents:
- The Definition of Annex Themes and Scope7
describes in greater detail the spatial data
themes defined in the Directive, and thus provides a sound starting point for the thematic
aspects of the data specification development.
- The Generic Conceptual Model8
defines the elements necessary for interoperability and data
harmonisation including cross-theme issues. It specifies requirements and recommendations
with regard to data specification elements of common use, like the spatial and temporal
schema, unique identifier management, object referencing, a generic network model, some
common code lists, etc. Those requirements of the Generic Conceptual Model that are directly
implementable will be included in the Implementing Rule on Interoperability of Spatial Data
Sets and Services.
- The Methodology for the Development of Data Specifications9
defines a repeatable
methodology enabling to arrive from user requirements to a data specification through a
number of steps including use-case development, initial specification development and
analysis of analogies and gaps for further specification refinement.
- The “Guidelines for the Encoding of Spatial Data”10
defines how geographic information can
be encoded to enable transfer processes between the systems of the data providers in the
Member States. Even though it does not specify a mandatory encoding rule it sets GML (ISO
19136) as the default encoding for INSPIRE.
Based on the data specification development framework, the Thematic Working Groups have created
the INSPIRE data specification for each Annex I theme. The data specifications follow the structure of
“ISO 19131 Geographic information - Data product specifications” standard. They include the technical
documentation of the application schema, the spatial object types with their properties, and other
specifics of the spatial data themes using natural language as well as a formal conceptual schema
language11
.
A consolidated model repository, feature concept dictionary, and glossary are being maintained to
support the consistent specification development process and potential further reuse of specification
elements. The consolidated model consists of the harmonised models of the relevant standards from
the ISO 19100 series, the INSPIRE Generic Conceptual Model, and the application schemas12
developed for each spatial data theme. The multilingual INSPIRE Feature Concept Dictionary contains
the definition and description of the INSPIRE themes together with the definition of the spatial object
types present in the specification. The INSPIRE Glossary defines all the terms (beyond the spatial
object types) necessary for understanding the INSPIRE documentation including the terminology of
other components (metadata, network services, data sharing, and monitoring).
By listing a number of requirements and making the necessary recommendations, the data
specifications enable full system interoperability across the Member States, within the scope of the
application areas targeted by the Directive. They are published as technical guidelines and provide the
basis for the content of the Implementing Rule on Interoperability of Spatial Data Sets and Services for
data themes included in Annex I of the Directive. The Implementing Rule will be extracted from the
data specifications keeping in mind the technical feasibility as well as cost-benefit considerations. The
Implementing Rule will be legally binding for the Member States.
7
http://inspire.jrc.ec.europa.eu/reports/ImplementingRules/DataSpecifications/D2.3_Definition_of_Annex_Theme
s_and_scope_v3.0.pdf
8
http://inspire.jrc.ec.europa.eu/reports/ImplementingRules/DataSpecifications/D2.5_v3.1.pdf
9
http://inspire.jrc.ec.europa.eu/reports/ImplementingRules/DataSpecifications/D2.6_v3.0.pdf
10
http://inspire.jrc.ec.europa.eu/reports/ImplementingRules/DataSpecifications/D2.7_v3.0.pdf
11
UML – Unified Modelling Language
12
Conceptual models related to specific areas (e.g. INSPIRE themes)
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In addition to providing a basis for the interoperability of spatial data in INSPIRE, the data specification
development framework and the thematic data specifications can be reused in other environments at
local, regional, national and global level contributing to improvements in the coherence and
interoperability of data in spatial data infrastructures.
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Cadastral parcels – Executive Summary
Purpose
Cadastral parcels are included in Annex I, which means that they are considered as reference data,
i.e. data that constitute the spatial frame for linking and/or pointing at other information that belong to
specific thematic field such as environment, soil, land use, and many others.
Process
INSPIRE data specification on cadastral parcels has been prepared following the participative
principle of consensus building process. The stakeholders, based on their registration as a Spatial
Data Interest Community (SDIC) or a Legally Mandated Organisation (LMO) had the opportunity to
bring forward user requirements and reference materials, propose experts for the specification
development, and to participate in the review of the data specifications. The Thematic Working Group
responsible for the specification development was composed of experts coming from Denmark,
Finland, France, Hungary, Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Switzerland, United Kingdom and the
European Commission. The specification process took place according to the methodology elaborated
for INSPIRE respecting the requirements and the recommendation of the INSPIRE Generic
Conceptual Model, which is one of the elements that ensures coherent approach and cross theme
consistency with other themes in the Directive.
The Thematic Working Group has established cooperation with other initiatives within the field, such
as the Permanent Committee on Cadastre, EuroGeographics, the Working Group III of FIG
(International Federation of Surveyors) and ISO TC 211 responsible for standardisation of geographic
information.
Scope and description
The cornerstone of the specification development was the definition of the Directive on the cadastral
parcels: “areas defined by cadastral parcels or equivalent”. In accordance with the particular legal
system each Member State runs a related register under the responsibility of the government. Such
registers are often called cadastre, sometimes land or other type of registry. Regardless of the name
of the system the basic unit of area is the parcel. Cadastral parcels usually form a continuous partition
of the national territory by the exception where some land owned by the governments13
is not subject
of registration. The generic definition of cadastral parcels has been complemented by the Thematic
Working Group to fit better with user requirements in the following way: the cadastral parcels should
be, as much as possible, single areas of Earth surface (land and/or water) under homogenous real
property rights and unique ownership, where real property rights and ownership are defined by
national laws.
INSPIRE does not aim at harmonising the concepts of ownership and rights related to the parcels, but
focuses on the geometrical aspects as presented in the national systems of the Member States.
Cadastral parcels in INSPIRE should serve the purpose of generic information locators. Having
included the reference to the national registers as a property (attribute) of the INSPIRE parcels
national data sources can be reached. Using this two-step approach other information, like rights and
owners can be accessed fully respecting the national legislation on data protection. The data model
for INSPIRE cadastral parcels has been prepared in a way that supports compatibility with the
upcoming international standard on Land Administration Domain Model14
. The Land Administration
Domain Model (LADM) provides a wider context for the INSPIRE cadastral parcels because LADM
includes additional information on rights (bound to national legislation) and owners, which are outside
the direct scope of INSPIRE.
13
In some countries such territories are called public domain
14
ISO/DS 19152 – Geographical Information, Land Administration Domain Model.
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The wide range of use-cases15
analysed by the Thematic Working Group allows meeting the
expectations of various user communities in fields of agriculture, disaster management, soil protection,
environmental public right management, public land management, urban planning, utilities, land use,
and many others.
Data specification
The core element of the INSPIRE cadastral parcel model is the cadastral parcel. It is described by
some mandatory elements such as geometry, unique identifier16
, cadastral reference17
and the label of
the parcels that supports their identification on printed maps. In case of availability Member States are
also requested to supply information on the area of the parcel, when the parcel has been
created/changed/retired, and the reference point, which is especially useful for visualisation.
The management of cadastral parcels in some countries reflects historical subdivision, i.e.
intermediate units such as municipalities, sections, districts, parishes, urban and rural blocks, etc. Very
often these units carry information related to all parcels belonging to the same unit, for example
information about accuracy of measurements or the scale of original mapping. In order to refer these
units with a common name the Thematic Working Group has introduced the notion of the cadastral
zoning. Member States should decide about the usage of zonings in INSPIRE according to their
organisational structures. Besides of carrying metadata information zonings also support portrayal and
data management, especially data search. When the option of using the cadastral zonings is selected
they have to be supplied with the same properties under the same conditions as stated for cadastral
parcels. When several levels of zonings exist in a Member State it must be ensured that the higher
level units are composed of those of lower level.
Cadastral boundaries as separate spatial objects have to be delivered only in case when information
about data accuracy is associated with them.
Member States where national cadastral references are given on basic property units and not on the
level of cadastral parcels have to supply them together with their cadastral reference, unique identifier,
area, and the related temporal information.
Interoperability is further supported by the requirement that cadastral parcels have to be published in
the ETRS89 or (when applicable) the ITRS reference systems, which is commonly used in INSPIRE.
When Member States need a common projection system for a cross-border application the selection
must be agreed and documented by the interested parties.
Comparable data on top of harmonised specification elements create additional value for achieving
interoperability in INSPIRE. For this finality the data specification on cadastral parcels includes
recommendations on minimal data quality: on the rate of missing elements, positional accuracy and
update frequency. It is highly desirable that Member States consider them when they further develop
their cadastral systems. Regardless whether these recommendations are met, the real values of these
data quality elements have to be published as metadata usually at dataset level. For delivery of
positional accuracy there is a triple choice: statement related to the whole dataset or, as mentioned
before, an attribute attached to the cadastral zonings or the cadastral boundaries.
Metadata at dataset level also has to contain information about the lineage, i.e. condition of creation
and transformation of data. The Thematic Working Group has provided a template for lineage to help
cadastral producers to document the remaining national specificities that are inevitable even when
data is published in an interoperable way for INSPIRE.
It is expected that cadastral parcel data fulfilling the related INSPIRE specification allows an easy
delivery according to the INSPIRE Implementing Rule on Download services.
15
The use-cases included EULIS, Land Parcel Identification System, Vineyard registers, Soil protection, Public
environmental restrictions, Urban planning, Public land management, Flood risk management, and Infrastructure
management.
16
Identifier required by the INSPIRE Directive; it is defined by the local data provider and completed by a prefix of
the country and/or organisation of source.
17
National cadastral reference which enables to make link with information in the national registers
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TWG-CP INSPIRE Data Specification on Cadastral parcels 2010-04-26 Page VIII
For visualisation purposes, simple rules for portrayal are given specifying the layout of the borders of
cadastral parcels and the cadastral zonings and the cadastral boundaries together with the related
labels. These portrayal rules have been defined for several ranges of scales.
Conclusion
The main value of the INSPIRE Cadastral parcels model is its simple, yet flexible structure that allows
data providers to publish their existing data in the most convenient way. It is also expected that those
INSPIRE themes that are listed in Annex III and are related to cadastral parcels (buildings, soil, land
use, utility and governmental services, area management/restriction/regulation zones and reporting
units) can re-use and/or further develop the concepts of the current cadastral parcel model.
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Acknowledgements
Many individuals and organisations have contributed to the development of these Guidelines.
The Thematic Working Group Cadastral Parcels (TWG-CP) included:
Dominique Laurent (TWG Facilitator), André Bernath (TWG Editor), Soren Riff Alexandersen, Wim
Devos, Gyula Ivan, Olav Jenssen, Tarja Myllymäki, Peter Van Oosterom, Amalia Velasco, Katalin Tóth
(European Commission contact point).
The Drafting Team Data Specifications included:
Clemens Portele (Chair), Andreas Illert (Vice-chair), Kristine Asch, Marek Baranowski, Eric Bayers,
Andre Bernath, Francis Bertrand, Markus Erhard, Stephan Gruber, Heinz Habrich, Stepan Kafka,
Dominique Laurent, Arvid Lillethun, Ute Maurer-Rurack, Keith Murray, George Panopoulos, Claudia
Pegoraro, Marcel Reuvers, Anne Ruas, Markus Seifert, Peter Van Oosterom, Andrew Woolf and the
European Commission contact points: Steve Peedell, Katalin Tóth, Paul Smits, Vanda Nunes de Lima.
The data specifications team of the Spatial Data Infrastructures Unit of the Joint Research Centre
included the members who have been participating at different steps of the process:
Freddy Fierens, Anders Friis-Christensen, Darja Lihteneger, Michael Lutz, Vanda Nunes de Lima,
Nicole Ostländer, Steve Peedell, Jan Schulze Althoff, Paul Smits, Robert Tomas, Katalin Tóth, Martin
Tuchyna.
The Consolidated UML repository has been set up by Michael Lutz, Anders Friis-Christensen, and
Clemens Portele. The INSPIRE Registry has been developed by Angelo Quaglia and Michael Lutz.
The INSPIRE Feature Concept Dictionary and Glossary has been consolidated by Darja Lihteneger.
The data specification testing has been coordinated by Martin Tuchyna. The Testing Wiki has been
set up by Loizos Bailas, Karen Fullerton and Nicole Ostländer. Web communication and tools for the
consultations have been developed by Karen Fullerton and Hildegard Gerlach.
The stakeholders participated, as Spatial Data Interested Communities (SDIC) or Legally Mandated
Organisations (LMO), in different steps of the development of the data specification development
framework documents and the technical guidelines, providing information on questionnaires and user
surveys, participating in the consultation process and workshops, testing the draft data specifications
and supporting the work of their members in the Thematic Working Groups and Drafting Team Data
Specifications.
Contact information
Vanda Nunes de Lima
European Commission Joint Research Centre
Institute for Environment and Sustainability
Spatial Data Infrastructures Unit
TP262, Via Fermi 2749
I-21027 Ispra (VA)
ITALY
E-mail: vanda.lima@jrc.ec.europa.eu
Tel.: +39-0332-7865052
Fax: +39-0332-7866325
http://ies.jrc.ec.europa.eu/
http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/jrc/
http://inspire.jrc.ec.europa.eu/
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Table of contents
1 Scope............................................................................................................................................... 1
2 Overview ......................................................................................................................................... 1
2.1 Name and acronyms.............................................................................................................. 1
2.2 Informal description................................................................................................................ 1
2.3 Normative References ........................................................................................................... 2
2.4 Information about the creation of the specification ................................................................ 2
2.5 Terms and definitions............................................................................................................. 2
2.6 Symbols and abbreviations.................................................................................................... 3
2.7 Notation of requirements and recommendations................................................................... 3
2.8 Conformance.......................................................................................................................... 4
3 Specification scopes...................................................................................................................... 4
4 Identification information .............................................................................................................. 4
5 Data content and structure ........................................................................................................... 5
5.1 Basic notions.......................................................................................................................... 5
5.1.1 Placeholder and candidate types....................................................................................... 5
5.1.2 Voidable characteristics..................................................................................................... 5
5.1.3 Code lists and Enumerations............................................................................................. 6
5.1.3.1 Style .......................................................................................................................... 6
5.1.3.2 Governance............................................................................................................... 6
5.1.4 Stereotypes........................................................................................................................ 6
5.2 Application schema Cadastral Parcels .................................................................................. 7
5.2.1 Description......................................................................................................................... 7
5.2.1.1 Narrative description ................................................................................................. 7
5.2.1.2 UML Overview........................................................................................................... 9
5.2.1.3 Consistency between spatial data sets................................................................... 10
5.2.1.4 Identifier management ............................................................................................ 10
5.2.1.5 Modelling of object references................................................................................ 11
5.2.1.6 Geometry representation ........................................................................................ 11
5.2.1.7 Temporality representation ..................................................................................... 12
5.2.2 Feature catalogue............................................................................................................ 14
5.2.2.1 Spatial object types................................................................................................. 15
5.2.2.2 Enumerations and code lists................................................................................... 23
5.2.2.3 Imported types (informative) ................................................................................... 24
6 Reference systems....................................................................................................................... 25
6.1 Coordinate reference systems ............................................................................................. 25
6.1.1 Datum .............................................................................................................................. 25
6.1.2 Coordinate reference systems......................................................................................... 25
6.1.3 Display ............................................................................................................................. 26
6.1.4 Identifiers for coordinate reference systems.................................................................... 26
6.2 Temporal reference system ................................................................................................. 26
7 Data quality................................................................................................................................... 26
7.1 Completeness ...................................................................................................................... 27
7.1.1 Omission.......................................................................................................................... 27
7.2 Positional accuracy .............................................................................................................. 28
7.2.1 Absolute or external accuracy ......................................................................................... 28
8 Dataset-level metadata ................................................................................................................ 28
8.1 Mandatory and conditional metadata elements ................................................................... 29
8.1.1 Coordinate Reference System......................................................................................... 30
8.1.2 Temporal Reference System........................................................................................... 31
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8.1.3 Encoding.......................................................................................................................... 31
8.2 Optional metadata elements ................................................................................................ 32
8.2.1 Maintenance Information ................................................................................................. 32
8.2.2 Data Quality – Completeness – Omission....................................................................... 33
8.2.3 Data Quality – Positional Accuracy – Absolute or external accuracy.............................. 33
8.3 Guidelines on using metadata elements defined in Regulation 1205/2008/EC................... 33
8.3.1 Conformity........................................................................................................................ 33
8.3.2 Lineage ............................................................................................................................ 34
8.3.3 Temporal reference ......................................................................................................... 34
9 Delivery ......................................................................................................................................... 34
9.1 Delivery medium .................................................................................................................. 34
9.2 Encodings............................................................................................................................. 35
9.2.1 Encoding for application schema Cadastral parcels........................................................ 35
9.2.1.1 Default Encoding: GML Application Schema Cadastral parcels............................. 35
10 Data Capture ............................................................................................................................. 35
10.1 Spatial object types.............................................................................................................. 35
10.1.1 CadastralParcel ............................................................................................................... 35
10.1.2 CadastralZoning............................................................................................................... 36
10.1.3 CadastralBoundary.......................................................................................................... 37
10.1.4 BasicPropertyUnit ............................................................................................................ 38
10.2 nationalCadastralReference................................................................................................. 38
10.3 INSPIRE Identifier (inspireId).............................................................................................. 39
10.3.1 Namespace...................................................................................................................... 39
10.3.2 Local identifier.................................................................................................................. 39
10.4 Estimated accuracy.............................................................................................................. 40
10.5 Level and levelName............................................................................................................ 40
10.6 Value of area........................................................................................................................ 41
11 Portrayal .................................................................................................................................... 41
11.1 Layer Types ......................................................................................................................... 41
11.2 Default Styles ....................................................................................................................... 42
11.3 Other Well-defined Styles .................................................................................................... 45
11.4 Layers organization.............................................................................................................. 48
Bibliography......................................................................................................................................... 50
Annex A (normative) Abstract Test Suite ........................................................................................ 51
Annex B (informative) Correspondence between INSPIRE and national levels for
CadastralZonings ................................................................................................................................ 52
Annex C (informative) Land Administration Domain Model (ISO19152) ....................................... 54
What LADM is about?........................................................................................................................ 54
What is the status of LADM? ............................................................................................................. 54
Link with INSPIRE.............................................................................................................................. 55
Annex D (informative) Lineage template and examples.................................................................. 57
England-Wales................................................................................................................................... 62
Finland ............................................................................................................................................... 66
France................................................................................................................................................ 70
Hungary ............................................................................................................................................. 76
Netherlands........................................................................................................................................ 79
Norway............................................................................................................................................... 83
Spain.................................................................................................................................................. 89
Annex E (informative) Rationale for Cadastral Parcel Data Specification .................................... 97
Abbreviations ..................................................................................................................................... 97
Methodology ...................................................................................................................................... 97
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Recapitulative check-list .................................................................................................................. 100
Possible evolutions .......................................................................................................................... 110
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1 Scope
This document specifies a harmonised data specification for the spatial data theme Cadastral parcels
as defined in Annex I of the INSPIRE Directive.
This data specification provides the basis for the drafting of Implementing Rules according to Article 7
(1) of the INSPIRE Directive [Directive 2007/2/EC]. The entire data specification will be published as
implementation guidelines accompanying these Implementing Rules.
2 Overview
2.1 Name and acronyms
INSPIRE data specification for the theme Cadastral Parcels
2.2 Informal description
Definition:
Areas defined by cadastral registers or equivalent.
[Directive 2007/2/EC]
Description:
The INSPIRE Directive focuses on the geographical part of cadastral data.
In the INSPIRE context, cadastral parcels will be mainly used as locators for geo-information in
general, including environmental data.
As much as possible, in the INSPIRE context, cadastral parcels should be forming a partition of
national territory. Cadastral parcel should be considered as a single area of Earth surface (land and/or
water), national law under homogeneous property rights and unique ownership, property rights and
ownership being defined by national law (adapted from UN ECE 2004 and WG-CPI, 2006).
Remark: By unique ownership is meant that the ownership is held by one or several joint owners for
the whole parcel.
In the definition given by the INSPIRE directive, "or equivalent” refers to all public agencies and
institutions other than the main traditional/nominal cadastre or land registry, that register parts of the
Earth’s surface such as special domains, urban cadastres, public lands, which spatially complement
the registrations by the main cadastre or land registry.
Cadastral parcels are considered in the INSPIRE scope if they are available as vector data.
Rights and owners are out of the INSPIRE scope.
Buildings, land use, addresses are considered in other INSPIRE themes.
The current version of ISO 19152 Land Administration Domain Model (LADM) and of the INSPIRE
cadastral parcels model are compatible. The LADM provides a wider context for the INSPIRE
cadastral parcels. It includes other spatial object types, such as rights and ownership, which are
outside the direct scope of INSPIRE.
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2.3 Normative References
[Directive 2007/2/EC] Directive 2007/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 March
2007 establishing an Infrastructure for Spatial Information in the European
Community (INSPIRE)
[ISO 19107] EN ISO 19107:2005, Geographic Information – Spatial Schema
[ISO 19108] EN ISO 19108:2005, Geographic Information – Temporal Schema
[ISO 19108-c] ISO 19108:2002/Cor 1:2006, Geographic Information – Temporal Schema, Technical
Corrigendum 1
[ISO 19111] EN ISO 19111:2007 Geographic information - Spatial referencing by coordinates (ISO
19111:2007)
[ISO 19113] EN ISO 19113:2005, Geographic Information – Quality principles
[ISO 19115] EN ISO 19115:2005, Geographic information – Metadata (ISO 19115:2003)
[ISO 19118] EN ISO 19118:2006, Geographic information – Encoding (ISO 19118:2005)
[ISO 19135] EN ISO 19135:2007 Geographic information – Procedures for item registration (ISO
19135:2005)
[ISO 19138] ISO/TS 19138:2006, Geographic Information – Data quality measures
[ISO 19139] ISO/TS 19139:2007, Geographic information – Metadata – XML schema
implementation
[OGC 06-103r3] Implementation Specification for Geographic Information - Simple feature access –
Part 1: Common Architecture v1.2.0
NOTE This is an updated version of "EN ISO 19125-1:2006, Geographic information – Simple
feature access – Part 1: Common architecture". A revision of the EN ISO standard has been
proposed.
[Regulation 1205/2008/EC] Regulation 1205/2008/EC implementing Directive 2007/2/EC of the
European Parliament and of the Council as regards metadata
2.4 Information about the creation of the specification
Document title: INSPIRE Data Specification Cadastral Parcels
Reference date: 2008-07-07
Responsible party: INSPIRE TWG Cadastral Parcels
Language: English
2.5 Terms and definitions
Terms and definitions necessary for understanding this document are defined in the INSPIRE
Glossary18
.
In addition the following terms and definitions are used:
(1) Cadastral gap
Area which is not supposed to be covered by cadastral parcels, due to national regulation.
18
The INSPIRE Glossary is available from http://inspire-registry.jrc.ec.europa.eu/registers/GLOSSARY
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NOTE should not be confused with areas not yet surveyed and registered
EXAMPLE
- in many countries, the sea
- in France, the public domain (roads, rivers)
(2) Cadastral overlap
Area which may be covered by several cadastral parcels, due to national regulation.
EXAMPLE in United Kingdom, overlapping parcels may occur where different rights are registered on
the same space e.g. a freehold right and a leasehold one.
(3) Topological gap
Area which is covered by cadastral parcels in the real world but not in the spatial data set.
EXAMPLE topological gaps may occur when assembling cadastral parcels coming from several
cadastral sheets or after format conversions.
(4) Topological overlap
Area which is covered by only one cadastral parcel in the real world but by several parcels in the
spatial data set.
EXAMPLE topological overlaps may occur when assembling cadastral parcels coming from several
cadastral sheets or after format conversions.
2.6 Symbols and abbreviations
FIG International Federation of Surveyors
GCM Generic Conceptual Model
LADM Land Administration Domain Model
MS Member State
OCL Object Constraint Language
PCC Permanent Committee on Cadastre
SDI Spatial Data Infrastructure
SLD Style Layer Descriptor
TWG CP Thematic Working Group Cadastral Parcel
UML Unified Modelling Language
UN ECE United Nations – Economic Commission for Europe
UUID Universal Unique Identifier
WG - CPI Working Group on Cadastral Parcels in INSPIRE – Group of experts from
EuroGeographics and Permanent Committee on Cadastre which conducted a survey
about cadastral parcels in INSPIRE in 2005 - 2006
2.7 Notation of requirements and recommendations
To make it easier to identify the mandatory requirements and the recommendations for spatial data
sets in the text, they are highlighted and numbered.
Requirement X Requirements are shown using this style.
Recommendation X Recommendations are shown using this style.
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2.8 Conformance
Requirement 1 Any dataset claiming conformance with this INSPIRE data specification shall pass
the requirements described in the abstract test suite presented in Annex A.
3 Specification scopes
This data specification has only one scope, the general scope.
4 Identification information
Table 1 – Information identifying the INSPIRE data specification Cadastral Parcels
Title
INSPIRE data specification Cadastral Parcels
Abstract Contains mainly the cadastral parcels as closed surfaces with their cadastral
reference, which will enable users to use parcels as locators for geographic
information and to make links with rights and owners in national cadastral registers
or equivalent, when necessary.
If appropriate, should also include other spatial objects (auxiliary cadastral zonings,
cadastral boundaries and basic property units) and attributes considered as helpful
for an easy data management, such as temporal or quality information.
Topic categories planningCadastre
Geographic
description
This INSPIRE data specification covers spatial data sets which relate to an area
where a Member State has and/or exercises jurisdictional rights.
Purpose The purpose of this document is to specify a harmonised data specification for the
spatial data theme Cadastral Parcels as defined in Annex I of the INSPIRE
Directive.
It addresses domains such as agriculture, spatial planning, environment,
infrastructure and utilities management, public land management, risk management,
socio-economic analysis, cartography.
In the INSPIRE context, cadastral parcels will be mainly used as locators for geoinformation
in general, including environmental data.
Spatial
representation
type
vector
Spatial
resolution
The Local level.
Typical scale ranges from 1:500 to 1:10 000.
Supplemental
information
none
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5 Data content and structure
Requirement 2 Spatial data sets related to the theme Cadastral Parcels shall be provided using
the spatial object types and data types specified in the application schema in this
section.
Requirement 3 Each spatial object shall comply with all constraints specified for its spatial object
type or data types used in values of its properties, respectively.
Recommendation 1 The reason for a void value should be provided where possible using a listed
value from the VoidValueReason code list to indicate the reason for the
missing value.
NOTE The application schema specifies requirements on the properties of each spatial object
including its multiplicity, domain of valid values, constraints, etc. All properties have to be reported, if
the relevant information is part of the data set. Most properties may be reported as “void”, if the data
set does not include relevant information. See the Generic Conceptual Model [INSPIRE DS-D2.5] for
more details.
5.1 Basic notions
This section explains some of the basic notions used in the INSPIRE application schemas. These
explanations are based on the GCM [DS-D2.5].
5.1.1 Placeholder and candidate types
Placeholder and candidate types are not applicable in Cadastral parcels data specification.
5.1.2 Voidable characteristics
If a characteristic of a spatial object is not present in the spatial data set, but may be present or
applicable in the real world, the property shall receive this stereotype.
If and only if a property receives this stereotype, the value of void may be used as a value of the
property. A void value shall imply that no corresponding value is contained in the spatial data set
maintained by the data provider or no corresponding value can be derived from existing values at
reasonable costs, even though the characteristic may be present or applicable in the real world.
It is possible to qualify a value of void in the data with a reason using the VoidValueReason type. The
VoidValueReason type is a code list, which includes the following pre-defined values:
− Unpopulated: The characteristic is not part of the dataset maintained by the data provider.
However, the characteristic may exist in the real world. For example when the “elevation of the
water body above the sea level” has not been included in a dataset containing lake spatial
objects, then the reason for a void value of this property would be ‘Unpopulated’. The
characteristic receives this value for all objects in the spatial data set.
− Unknown: The correct value for the specific spatial object is not known to, and not computable
by the data provider. However, a correct value may exist. For example when the “elevation of
the water body above the sea level” of a certain lake has not been measured, then the reason
for a void value of this property would be ‘Unknown’. This value is applied on an object-byobject
basis in a spatial data set.
NOTE It is expected that additional reasons will be identified in the future, in particular to support
reasons / special values in coverage ranges.
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The «voidable» stereotype does not give any information on whether or not a characteristic exists in
the real world. This is expressed using the multiplicity:
− If a characteristic may or may not exist in the real world, its minimum cardinality shall be
defined as 0. For example, an if an Address may or may not have a house number, the
multiplicity of the corresponding property shall be 0..1.
− If at least one value for a certain characteristic exists in the real world, the minimum cardinality
shall be defined as 1. For example, if an Administrative Unit always has at least one name, the
multiplicity of the corresponding property shall be 1..*.
In both cases, the «voidable» stereotype can be applied. A value (the real value or void) only needs to
be made available for properties that have a minimum cardinality of 1.
5.1.3 Code lists and Enumerations
5.1.3.1 Style
All code lists and enumerations use the following modelling style:
− No initial value, but only the attribute name part is used.
− The attribute name conforms to the rules for attributes names, i.e. is a lowerCamelCase name.
Exceptions are words that consist of all uppercase letters (acronyms).
5.1.3.2 Governance
Two types of code lists can be distinguished:
− code lists that shall be managed centrally in the INSPIRE code list register and only values from
that register may be used, and
− code lists that may be extended by data providers.
All code lists that are centrally managed have received the tagged value "codeList" with the
preliminary value "urn:x-inspire:def:codeList:INSPIRE:<name of the class>".
5.1.4 Stereotypes
In the application schemas in this sections several stereotypes are used that have been defined as
part of a UML profile for use in INSPIRE [INSPIRE DS-D2.5]. These are explained in Table 2 below.
Table 2 – Stereotypes (adapted from [INSPIRE DS-D2.5])
Stereotype
Model
element
Description
applicationSchema Package An INSPIRE application schema according to ISO 19109 and the
Generic Conceptual Model.
featureType Class A spatial object type.
Type Class A conceptual, abstract type that is not a spatial object type.
dataType Class A structured data type without identity.
Union Class A structured data type without identity where exactly one of the
properties of the type is present in any instance.
Enumeration Class A fixed list of valid identifiers of named literal values. Attributes of
an enumerated type may only take values from this list.
codeList Class A flexible enumeration that uses string values for expressing a list
of potential values.
Placeholder Class A placeholder class (see definition in section 5.1.1).
Voidable Attribute,
association
role
A voidable attribute or association role (see definition in section
5.1.1).
lifeCycleInfo Attribute,
association
role
If in an application schema a property is considered to be part of
the life-cycle information of a spatial object type, the property
shall receive this stereotype.
Version Association
role
If in an application schema an association role ends at a spatial
object type, this stereotype denotes that the value of the property
is meant to be a specific version of the spatial object, not the
spatial object in general.
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5.2 Application schema Cadastral Parcels
5.2.1 Description
5.2.1.1 Narrative description
General attributes for all spatial object types:
Each spatial object type has an INSPIRE identifier and a set of temporal attributes:
- beginLifespanVersion and endLifeSpanVersion are related to the life of the spatial object in
the spatial data set (geographic/dataset point of view)
- validFrom and validTo are related to the life of the entity in the real world (legal point of view).
Feature type CadastralParcel (core):
Cadastral parcels are defined by the INSPIRE Directive as “areas defined by cadastral registers or
equivalent”. As much as possible, in the INSPIRE context, cadastral parcels should be forming a
partition of national territory. Cadastral parcel should be considered as a single area of Earth surface
(land and/or water), under homogeneous real property rights and unique ownership, real property
rights and ownership being defined by national law.
Cadastral parcels have the following additional attributes:
− a geometry
− a national cadastral reference
− an area value
− portrayal attributes: reference point and label
Feature type CadastralZoning (auxiliary):
Cadastral zonings are the intermediary areas (such as municipalities, sections, blocks, …) used in
order to divide national territory into cadastral parcels. In the INSPIRE context, cadastral zonings are
to be used to carry metadata information and to facilitate portrayal and search of data.
Cadastral zonings have the following additional attributes:
− a geometry
− a national cadastral zoning reference
− a name, if any
− a level in the national cadastral hierarchy and the name of this level
− portrayal attributes : reference point and label
− metadata attributes : original map scale denominator and estimated accuracy
If cadastral zonings are provided, cadastral parcels shall belong to one cadastral zoning of lowest
level. When several levels of zonings exist in a Member State, it must be ensured that the higher level
units are composed of that of lower level.
Feature type CadastralBoundary (auxiliary):
In the INSPIRE context, cadastral boundaries are to be made available by Member States where
absolute positional accuracy information is recorded for the cadastral boundary (attribute estimated
accuracy).
Cadastral boundaries have the following additional attributes:
- a geometry
- metadata attribute: estimated accuracy
Feature type BasicPropertyUnit (auxiliary)
Basic property units are the basic units of ownership that are recorded in the land books, land
registers or equivalent. They are defined by unique ownership and homogeneous real property rights,
and may consist of one or more adjacent or geographically separate parcels. In the INSPIRE context,
basic property units are to be used by countries where unique cadastral references are given only for
basic property units and not for parcels. Basic Property units allow these countries to provide
information about area or about temporal validity in the cadastral register.
Basic property units have the following additional attributes:
- a national cadastral reference
- an area value
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Requirement 4 To be compliant with INSPIRE data specification on theme Cadastral Parcels, a
data set shall provide the core feature type CadastralParcel.
The core data aims to fulfil the general use case for the theme Cadastral Parcels which is the use of
cadastral parcels as locators for geographic information. It is the cadastral data to be supplied, if
available, by all Member States. Core data is represented in figure 2.
Requirement 5 To be compliant with INSPIRE data specification on theme Cadastral Parcels, if
one or several of the auxiliary feature types are supplied, each instance of these
feature type(s) shall comply with all constraints specified for its spatial object
type.
Auxiliary data aims to be helpful for users and to enable some data producers to provide the required
information in the most suitable way. Auxiliary feature types do not have to be provided by each
Member State but under the conditions and guidelines given in this document.
Core and auxiliary data are represented in figure 1.
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5.2.1.2 UML Overview
class CadastralParcels
«featureType»
CadastralParcel
+ geometry: GM_Object
+ inspireId: Identifier
+ label: CharacterString
+ nationalCadastralReference: CharacterString
«voidable»
+ areaValue: Area [0..1]
+ referencePoint: GM_Point [0..1]
+ validFrom: DateTime [0..1]
+ validTo: DateTime [0..1]
«lifeCycleInfo, voidable»
+ beginLifespanVersion: DateTime
+ endLifespanVersion: DateTime [0..1]
constraints
{geometryType}
{areaValueUoM}
{validTo}
{endLifespanVersion} A
«featureType»
CadastralZoning
+ geometry: GM_MultiSurface
+ inspireId: Identifier [0..1]
+ label: CharacterString
+ nationalCadastalZoningReference: CharacterString
«lifeCycleInfo, voidable»
+ beginLifespanVersion: DateTime
+ endLifespanVersion: DateTime [0..1]
«voidable»
+ estimatedAccuracy: Length [0..1]
+ level: CadastralZoningLevelValue
+ levelName: LocalisedCharacterString [1..*]
+ name: GeographicalName [0..*]
+ originalMapScaleDenominator: Integer [0..1]
+ referencePoint: GM_Point [0..1]
+ validFrom: DateTime [0..1]
+ validTo: DateTime [0..1]
constraints
{zoningLevelHierarchy}
{estimatedAccuracyUoM}
{validTo}
{endLifespanVersion}
«featureType»
CadastralBoundary
+ geometry: GM_Curve
+ inspireId: Identifier [0..1]
«lifeCycleInfo, voidable»
+ beginLifespanVersion: DateTime
+ endLifespanVersion: DateTime [0..1]
«voidable»
+ estimatedAccuracy: Length [0..1]
+ validFrom: DateTime [0..1]
+ validTo: DateTime [0..1]
constraints
{estimatedAccuracyUoM}
{validTo}
{endLifespanVersion}
«codeList»
CadastralZoningLevelValue
+ 1stOrder
+ 2ndOrder
+ 3rdOrder
«featureType»
BasicPropertyUnit
+ inspireId: Identifier
+ nationalCadastralReference: CharacterString
«voidable»
+ areaValue: Area [0..1]
+ validFrom: DateTime
+ validTo: DateTime [0..1]
«lifeCycleInfo, voidable»
+ beginLifespanVersion: DateTime
+ endLifespanVersion: DateTime [0..1]
constraints
{areaValueUoM}
{validTo}
{endLifespanVersion}
+parcel
«voidable»
1..2
+upperLevelUnit
«voidable» 0..1
+zoning
«voidable»
0..1
+basicPropertyUnit
«voidable»
0..*
Figure 1 – UML class diagram: Overview of the Cadastral parcels application schema
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class Core profile
«featureType»
CadastralParcels::CadastralParcel
+ geometry: GM_Object
+ inspireId: Identifier
+ label: CharacterString
+ nationalCadastralReference: CharacterString
«voidable»
+ areaValue: Area [0..1]
+ referencePoint: GM_Point [0..1]
+ validFrom: DateTime [0..1]
+ validTo: DateTime [0..1]
«lifeCycleInfo, voidable»
+ beginLifespanVersion: DateTime
+ endLifespanVersion: DateTime [0..1]
A
Figure 2 – UML class diagram: Overview of the Cadastral parcels application schema with
only core data
5.2.1.3 Consistency between spatial data sets
Consistency across borders
Recommendation 2 Edge-matching between cadastral parcels in adjacent data sets should be
done. Ideally, there should be no topological gaps or topological overlaps
between cadastral parcels in adjacent data sets. Status of edge-matching
should be reported as metadata, under lineage element (see annex D).
NOTE This recommendation applies both for borders within a country and for borders between two
countries.
Consistency with other themes:
Cadastral parcels will very likely be used in conjunction with data coming from other INSPIRE themes
(e.g. transport, buildings, land use, addresses, orthoimage).
Cadastral parcels should be considered as reference data and geometric consistency with other
themes may be achieved if these other themes use cadastral parcels as background data during the
production or the validation of their own data.
Currently, no consistency rule between cadastral parcels and other spatial datasets has been
identified.
5.2.1.4 Identifier management
Requirement 6 All cadastral parcels published for INSPIRE in theme Cadastral Parcels shall
carry a unique identifier: the attribute inspireId. This attribute must have the
characteristics defined in the Generic Conceptual Model.
The characteristics defined in the Generic Conceptual Model are the following:
− be unique in the INSPIRE context
− be persistent (life-cycle rules being up to each Member State )
− give a way to find the download service where the spatial object is available
− be compliant with the lexical rules:
o composed of a namespace and a local identifier
o the namespace must begin by the 2 letter country code
o the namespace and the local identifier can include only the limited set of
characters allowed by the Generic Conceptual Model.
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NOTE 1 More detailed explanations about the characteristics of attribute inspireId may be found in
clause 14 of the Generic Conceptual Model (e.g. how to define namespaces).
NOTE 2 More detailed explanations about how to provide this attribute can be found in clause
10.3.2.
5.2.1.5 Modelling of object references
Reference to other information in national registers
Requirement 7 All instances of feature type CadastralParcel shall carry as a thematic identifier
the attribute nationalCadastralReference. This attribute must enable users to
make the link with rights, owners and other cadastral information in national
cadastral registers or equivalent.
NOTE 1 In some countries, there are basic property units including several parcels and the
attribute nationalCadastralReference applies in fact to the basic property unit. In this case, the
nationalCadastralReference does not need to be unique for cadastral parcels (but for the basic
property unit it belongs to).
NOTE 2 For instance, in addition to rights and owners, the information to be found in national
cadastral registers or equivalent may be the history or the valuation of the cadastral parcel.
Reference as geography providers
Cadastral parcels are spatial objects that may be commonly used to serve as providers of geography
for spatial objects in other INSPIRE data themes.
Recommendation 3 If cadastral parcels are used as providers of geography for spatial objects in
other INSPIRE data themes, these reference should be done using the unique
external object identifier (the attribute inspireId).
5.2.1.6 Geometry representation
Recommendation 4 The value domain of spatial properties defined in this Regulation should be
restricted to the Simple Feature spatial schema as defined by EN ISO 19125-1.
NOTE 1 The specification restricts the spatial schema to 0-, 1-, 2-, and 2.5-dimensional geometries
where all curve interpolations are linear.
NOTE 2 The topological relations of two spatial objects based on their specific geometry and
topology properties can in principle be investigated by invoking the operations of the types defined in
ISO 19107 (or the methods specified in OGC 06-103r3).
NOTE 3 Some countries have cadastral boundaries defined as circular arcs or as circular
interpolations. These kinds of curves may also be provided for INSPIRE if their transformation into
linear interpolations is not considered as relevant by the Member State.
Recommendation 5 Cadastral parcels should be provided, as much as possible, as GM_Surface.
NOTE Some countries (e.g. Germany, Spain, France) have a few percentage of multi-surface
parcels. These parcels may be provided as GM_MultiSurface.
Recommendation 6 There should be no topological overlaps between cadastral parcels.
Recommendation 7 There should be no topological gaps between cadastral parcels.
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Requirement 8 If cadastral boundaries are provided, the cadastral boundaries corresponding to
the outline of a cadastral parcel shall form closed ring(s).
EXAMPLE
Cadastral parcel CP1 has four cadastral boundaries:
− line S2 S5 S6
− line S6 S4
− line S4 S3
− line S3S2
Cadastral parcel CP2 has 5 cadastral boundaries:
− line S1 S2
− line S2 S3
− line S3 S8
− line S8 S9
− line S9 S1
Cadastral parcel CP3 has five cadastral boundaries:
− outer ring composed of:
o line S3 S4
o line S4 S7
o line S7 S8
o line S8 S3
− inner ring composed of line S9 S10 S11 S12 S9
Cadastral parcel CP4 has one cadastral boundary: line S9 S10 S11 S12 S9
5.2.1.7 Temporality representation
The application schema uses the derived attributes "beginLifespanObject" and "endLifespanObject" to
record the lifespan of a spatial object.
The attributes "beginLifespanVersion" specifies the date and time at which this version of the spatial
object was inserted or changed in the spatial data set. The attribute "endLifespanVersion" specifies
the date and time at which this version of the spatial object was superseded or retired in the spatial
data set.
CP1
CP3
CP4
Cadastral gap (e.g.
sea)
S1 S2 S3
S4
S5
S6
S7S8S9
S9 S10
S11S12
CP2
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NOTE 1 The attributes specify the beginning of the lifespan of the version in the spatial data set itself,
which is different from the temporal characteristics of the real-world phenomenon described by the
spatial object. This lifespan information, if available, supports mainly two requirements: First,
knowledge about the spatial data set content at a specific time; second, knowledge about changes to
a data set in a specific time frame. The lifespan information should be as detailed as in the data set
(i.e., if the lifespan information in the data set includes seconds, the seconds should be represented in
data published in INSPIRE) and include time zone information.
NOTE 2 Changes to the attribute "endLifespanVersion" does not trigger a change in the attribute
"beginLifespanVersion".
Recommendation 8 If life-cycle information is not maintained as part of the spatial data set, all
spatial objects belonging to this data set should provide a void value with a
reason of "Unpopulated".
NOTE 3 A spatial object may change in a way where it is still considered to be the same spatial
object; in this case, there will be several versions of the same object.
EXAMPLE On 01/01/2008, there has been new delineation of a cadastral parcel (A) and a new value
for attribute areaValue has been computed. Two cases may occur, depending on the life-cycle
information management at national level:
− It is considered that it is a new cadastral parcel (B) with a new identifier
− It is considered that it is a new version of the same object (A) with unchanged identifier.
(For instance, in France, the first case occurs when there is a new survey of cadastral data on a whole
area. The second case occurs when there is a new survey for an individual cadastral parcel).
In first case:
− the spatial object “parcel A” will get for attribute endLifespanVersion the value 01/01/2008.
− a new spatial object “parcel B” will be created; it will get a new identifier and this new spatial
object “parcel B” will also get for attribute beginLifespanVersion the value 01/01/2008.
In second case,
− the spatial object “parcel A” will get for attribute endLifespanVersion the value 01/01/2008.
− a new version of the spatial object “parcel A” will be created and will get for attribute
beginLifespanVersion the value 01/01/2008.
This new version of the spatial object “parcel A” will be identified by a new value for
objectIdentifier.version.
Recommendation 9 Life-cycle rules are up to each data provider. They should be documented as
metadata, under lineage element
The application schema also includes a set of two attributes validFrom and validTo which are related
to the lifespan in the real world.
EXAMPLE 2: In the Netherlands, the change (and update) process starts with the registration of a
deed in the public registers. For example describing the transfer of a part of a parcel. From that date,
e.g. 25/06/2009 24:00:00 (whole day granularity), the part-of-parcel is legally valid. The next phase is
surveying the boundary splitting the old parcel into two or more new parts. This is documented in a
field sheet, and from this date, onwards the boundary does exist. The last step of the process is the
update of the cadastral map on, e.g. 03/07/2009 13:25:33 (hour:minute:second granularity), from this
moment onwards the parcel and the boundary exist in the spatial data sets.
In summary, for splitting a parcel the new parcels will get:
− validFrom: 25/06/2009 24:00:00 (legal validity)
− beginLifespanVersion: 03/07/2009 13:25:33 (cadastral map)
The old (retired) parcel will get:
− validTo: 25/06/2009 24:00:00 (legal validity)
− endLifespanVersion: 03/07/2009 13:25:33 (cadastral map)
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Recommendation 10 Association roles should be provided only for current versions of spatial
objects, but not for superseded or retired versions.
Recommendation 11 From temporal point of view, cadastral parcels should be published for
INSPIRE if and only if they are published in national register. Cadastral parcels
under internal updating process should not be published for INSPIRE.
EXAMPLE In most countries, there are parcels under dispute for which a provisory solution has been
adopted in national register. These parcels should be published for INSPIRE. There are also parcels
under splitting process; this splitting process is generally internally managed, new provisory parcels
are created but these new parcels are published in national register only once all operations (survey,
checking, validation, registration) have been achieved. In this case, the provisory parcels should not
be published for INSPIRE but only the new definitive, validated ones.
5.2.2 Feature catalogue
Table 3 – Feature catalogue metadata
Feature catalogue name INSPIRE feature catalogue CadastralParcels
Scope CadastralParcels
Version number 3.0.1
Version date 2010-04-26
Definition source INSPIRE data specification CadastralParcels
Table 4 – Types defined in the feature catalogue
Type Package Stereotypes Section
BasicPropertyUnit CadastralParcels «featureType» 5.2.2.1.1
CadastralBoundary CadastralParcels «featureType» 5.2.2.1.2
CadastralZoningLevelValue CadastralParcels «codeList» 5.2.2.2.1
CadastralParcel CadastralParcels «featureType» 0
CadastralZoning CadastralParcels «featureType» 5.2.2.1.4
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5.2.2.1 Spatial object types
class Feature types
«featureType»
CadastralParcels::CadastralParcel
+ geometry: GM_Object
+ inspireId: Identifier
+ label: CharacterString
+ nationalCadastralReference: CharacterString
«voidable»
+ areaValue: Area [0..1]
+ referencePoint: GM_Point [0..1]
+ validFrom: DateTime [0..1]
+ validTo: DateTime [0..1]
«lifeCycleInfo, voidable»
+ beginLifespanVersion: DateTime
+ endLifespanVersion: DateTime [0..1]
A
«featureType»
CadastralParcels::CadastralBoundary
+ geometry: GM_Curve
+ inspireId: Identifier [0..1]
«lifeCycleInfo, voidable»
+ beginLifespanVersion: DateTime
+ endLifespanVersion: DateTime [0..1]
«voidable»
+ estimatedAccuracy: Length [0..1]
+ validFrom: DateTime [0..1]
+ validTo: DateTime [0..1]
«featureType»
CadastralParcels::CadastralZoning
+ geometry: GM_MultiSurface
+ inspireId: Identifier [0..1]
+ label: CharacterString
+ nationalCadastalZoningReference: CharacterString
«lifeCycleInfo, voidable»
+ beginLifespanVersion: DateTime
+ endLifespanVersion: DateTime [0..1]
«voidable»
+ estimatedAccuracy: Length [0..1]
+ level: CadastralZoningLevelValue
+ levelName: LocalisedCharacterString [1..*]
+ name: GeographicalName [0..*]
+ originalMapScaleDenominator: Integer [0..1]
+ referencePoint: GM_Point [0..1]
+ validFrom: DateTime [0..1]
+ validTo: DateTime [0..1]
«featureType»
CadastralParcels::BasicPropertyUnit
+ inspireId: Identifier
+ nationalCadastralReference: CharacterString
«voidable»
+ areaValue: Area [0..1]
+ validFrom: DateTime
+ validTo: DateTime [0..1]
«lifeCycleInfo, voidable»
+ beginLifespanVersion: DateTime
+ endLifespanVersion: DateTime [0..1]
+parcel
«voidable»
1..2
+upperLevelUnit
«voidable» 0..1
+zoning
«voidable»
0..1
+basicPropertyUnit
«voidable»
0..*
Figure 3– UML class diagram: Spatial object types
5.2.2.1.1 BasicPropertyUnit
BasicPropertyUnit
Definition: The basic unit of ownership that is recorded in the land books, land registers or
equivalent. It is defined by unique ownership and homogeneous real property
rights, and may consist of one or more adjacent or geographically separate
parcels.
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BasicPropertyUnit
Description: SOURCE Adapted from UN ECE 2004.
NOTE 1 In the INSPIRE context, basic property units are to be made available
by Member States where unique cadastral references are given only for basic
property units and not for parcels.
NOTE 2 In many (but not all) countries, the area of the basic property unit
corresponds to the cadastral parcel itself.
NOTE 3 Some countries, such as Finland, may also register officially basic
property units without any area. These basic property units are considered out of
the INSPIRE scope.
NOTE 4 Some countries, such as Norway, may have parcels which belong to
several basic property units.
Status: Proposed
Stereotypes: «featureType»
Attribute: areaValue
Value type: Area
Definition: Registered area value giving quantification of the area projected on the
horizontal plane of the cadastral parcels composing the basic property unit.
Multiplicity: 0..1
Stereotypes: «voidable»
Attribute: beginLifespanVersion
Value type: DateTime
Definition: Date and time at which this version of the spatial object was inserted or changed
in the spatial data set.
Multiplicity: 1
Stereotypes: «lifeCycleInfo,voidable»
Attribute: endLifespanVersion
Value type: DateTime
Definition: Date and time at which this version of the spatial object was superseded or
retired in the spatial data set.
Multiplicity: 0..1
Stereotypes: «lifeCycleInfo,voidable»
Attribute: inspireId
Value type: Identifier
Definition: External object identifier of the spatial object.
Description: NOTE An external object identifier is a unique object identifier published by the
responsible body, which may be used by external applications to reference the
spatial object. The identifier is an identifier of the spatial object, not an identifier
of the real-world phenomenon.
Multiplicity: 1
Attribute: nationalCadastralReference
Value type: CharacterString
Definition: Thematic identifier at national level, generally the full national code of the basic
property unit. Must ensure the link to the national cadastral register or equivalent.
Description: The national cadastral reference can be used also in further queries in national
services.
Multiplicity: 1
Attribute: validFrom
Value type: DateTime
Definition: Official date and time the basic property unit was/will be legally established.
Description: NOTE This is the date and time the national cadastral reference can be used in
legal acts.
Multiplicity: 1
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BasicPropertyUnit
Stereotypes: «voidable»
Attribute: validTo
Value type: DateTime
Definition: Date and time at which the basic property unit legally ceased/will cease to be
used.
Description: NOTE This is the date and time the national cadastral reference can no longer
be used in legal acts.
Multiplicity: 0..1
Stereotypes: «voidable»
Association role: administrativeUnit
Value type: AdministrativeUnit
Definition: The administrative unit of lowest administrative level containing this basic
property unit.
Multiplicity: 0..1
Stereotypes: «voidable»
Constraint: areaValueUoM
Natural
language:
Value of areaValue has to be given in square meters
OCL: inv: self.areaValue.uom.uomSymbol='m2'
Constraint: endLifespanVersion
Natural
language:
If set, the date endLifespanVersion must be later than beginLifespanVersion.
OCL: inv: self.endLifespanVersion .isAfter(self.beginLifespanVersion)
Constraint: validTo
Natural
language:
If set, the date validTo shall be equal or later than validFrom.
OCL: inv: self.validTo .isEqual(self.validFrom) or self.validTo .isAfter(self.validFrom
5.2.2.1.2 CadastralBoundary
CadastralBoundary
Definition: Part of the outline of a cadastral parcel. One cadastral boundary may be shared
by two neighbouring cadastral parcels.
Description: NOTE In the INSPIRE context, cadastral boundaries are to be made available by
Member States where absolute positional accuracy information is recorded for
the cadastral boundary (attribute estimated accuracy).
Status: Proposed
Stereotypes: «featureType»
Attribute: beginLifespanVersion
Value type: DateTime
Definition: Date and time at which this version of the spatial object was inserted or changed
in the spatial data set.
Multiplicity: 1
Stereotypes: «lifeCycleInfo,voidable»
Attribute: endLifespanVersion
Value type: DateTime
Definition: Date and time at which this version of the spatial object was superseded or
retired in the spatial data set.
Multiplicity: 0..1
Stereotypes: «lifeCycleInfo,voidable»
Attribute: estimatedAccuracy
Value type: Length
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CadastralBoundary
Definition: Estimated absolute positional accuracy of the cadastral boundary in the used
INSPIRE coordinate reference system. Absolute positional accuracy is the mean
value of the positional uncertainties for a set of positions, where the positional
uncertainties are the distance between a measured position and what is
considered as the corresponding true position.
Description: NOTE This mean value may come from quality measures on a homogeneous
population of cadastral boundaries or from an estimation based on the
knowledge of the production processes and of their accuracy.
Multiplicity: 0..1
Stereotypes: «voidable»
Attribute: geometry
Value type: GM_Curve
Definition: Geometry of the cadastral boundary.
Multiplicity: 1
Attribute: inspireId
Value type: Identifier
Definition: External object identifier of the spatial object
Description: NOTE An external object identifier is a unique object identifier published by the
responsible body, which may be used by external applications to reference the
spatial object. The identifier is an identifier of the spatial object, not an identifier
of the real-world phenomenon.
Multiplicity: 0..1
Attribute: validFrom
Value type: DateTime
Definition: Official date and time the cadastral boundary was/will be legally established.
Multiplicity: 0..1
Stereotypes: «voidable»
Attribute: validTo
Value type: DateTime
Definition: Date and time at which the cadastral boundary legally ceased/will cease to be
used.
Multiplicity: 0..1
Stereotypes: «voidable»
Association role: parcel
Value type: CadastralParcel
Definition: The cadastral parcel(s) outlined by this cadastral boundary. A cadastral
boundary may outline one or two cadastral parcels.
Multiplicity: 1..2
Stereotypes: «voidable»
Constraint: endLifespanVersion
Natural
language:
If set, the date endLifespanVersion must be later than beginLifespanVersion.
OCL: inv: self.endLifespanVersion .isAfter(self.beginLifespanVersion)
Constraint: estimatedAccuracyUoM
Natural
language:
Value of estimatedAccuracy has to be given in meters.
OCL: inv: self.estimatedAccuracy.uom.uomSymbol='m'
Constraint: validTo
Natural
language:
If set, the date validTo shall be equal or later than validFrom.
OCL: inv: self.validTo .isEqual(self.validFrom) or self.validTo .isAfter(self.validFrom
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5.2.2.1.3 CadastralParcel
CadastralParcel
Definition: Areas defined by cadastral registers or equivalent.
Description: SOURCE [INSPIRE Directive:2007].
NOTE As much as possible, in the INSPIRE context, cadastral parcels should be
forming a partition of national territory. Cadastral parcel should be considered as
a single area of Earth surface (land and/or water), under homogeneous real
property rights and unique ownership, real property rights and ownership being
defined by national law (adapted from UN ECE 2004 and WG-CPI, 2006). By
unique ownership is meant that the ownership is held by one or several joint
owners for the whole parcel.
Status: Proposed
Stereotypes: «featureType»
Attribute: areaValue
Value type: Area
Definition: Registered area value giving quantification of the area projected on the
horizontal plane of the cadastral parcel.
Multiplicity: 0..1
Stereotypes: «voidable»
Attribute: beginLifespanVersion
Value type: DateTime
Definition: Date and time at which this version of the spatial object was inserted or changed
in the spatial data set.
Multiplicity: 1
Stereotypes: «lifeCycleInfo,voidable»
Attribute: endLifespanVersion
Value type: DateTime
Definition: Date and time at which this version of the spatial object was superseded or
retired in the spatial data set.
Multiplicity: 0..1
Stereotypes: «lifeCycleInfo,voidable»
Attribute: geometry
Value type: GM_Object
Definition: Geometry of the cadastral parcel.
Description: As much as possible, the geometry should be a single area.
Multiplicity: 1
Attribute: inspireId
Value type: Identifier
Definition: External object identifier of the spatial object.
Description: NOTE An external object identifier is a unique object identifier published by the
responsible body, which may be used by external applications to reference the
spatial object. The identifier is an identifier of the spatial object, not an identifier
of the real-world phenomenon.
Multiplicity: 1
Attribute: label
Value type: CharacterString
Definition: Text commonly used to display the cadastral parcel identification.
Description: NOTE 1 The label is usually the last part of the national cadastral reference.
NOTE 2 The label can be used for label in portrayal.
Multiplicity: 1
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CadastralParcel
Attribute: nationalCadastralReference
Value type: CharacterString
Definition: Thematic identifier at national level, generally the full national code of the
cadastral parcel. Must ensure the link to the national cadastral register or
equivalent.
Description: The national cadastral reference can be used also in further queries in national
services.
Multiplicity: 1
Attribute: referencePoint
Value type: GM_Point
Definition: A point within the cadastral parcel.
Description: EXAMPLE The centroid of the cadastral parcel geometry.
Multiplicity: 0..1
Stereotypes: «voidable»
Attribute: validFrom
Value type: DateTime
Definition: Official date and time the cadastral parcel was/will be legally established.
Description: NOTE This is the date and time the national cadastral reference can be used in
legal acts.
Multiplicity: 0..1
Stereotypes: «voidable»
Attribute: validTo
Value type: DateTime
Definition: Date and time at which the cadastral parcel legally ceased/will cease to be used.
Description: NOTE This is the date and time the national cadastral reference can no longer
be used in legal acts.
Multiplicity: 0..1
Stereotypes: «voidable»
Association role: administrativeUnit
Value type: AdministrativeUnit
Definition: The administrative unit of lowest administrative level containing this cadastral
parcel.
Multiplicity: 0..1
Stereotypes: «voidable»
Association role: basicPropertyUnit
Value type: BasicPropertyUnit
Definition: The basic property unit(s) containing this cadastral parcel.
Multiplicity: 0..*
Stereotypes: «voidable»
Association role: zoning
Value type: CadastralZoning
Definition: The cadastral zoning of lowest level containing this cadastral parcel.
Multiplicity: 0..1
Stereotypes: «voidable»
Constraint: areaValueUoM
Natural
language:
Value of areaValue has to be given in square meters.
OCL: inv: self.areaValue.uom.uomSymbol='m2'
Constraint: endLifespanVersion
Natural
language:
If set, the date endLifespanVersion must be later than beginLifespanVersion.
OCL: inv: self.endLifespanVersion .isAfter(self.beginLifespanVersion)
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CadastralParcel
Constraint: geometryType
Natural
language:
Type of geometry has to be GM_Surface or GM_MultiSurface
OCL: inv: geometry.oclIsKindOf(GM_Surface) or
geometry.oclIsKindOf(GM_MultiSurface)
Constraint: validTo
Natural
language:
If set, the date validTo shall be equal or later than validFrom.
OCL: inv: self.validTo .isEqual(self.validFrom) or self.validTo .isAfter(self.validFrom
5.2.2.1.4 CadastralZoning
CadastralZoning
Definition: Intermediary areas used in order to divide national territory into cadastral
parcels.
Description: NOTE 1 In the INSPIRE context, cadastral zonings are to be used to carry
metadata information and to facilitate portrayal and search of data.
NOTE 2 Cadastral zonings have generally been defined when cadastral maps
were created for the first time.
EXAMPLE Municipality, section, parish, district, block.
Status: Proposed
Stereotypes: «featureType»
Attribute: beginLifespanVersion
Value type: DateTime
Definition: Date and time at which this version of the spatial object was inserted or changed
in the spatial data set.
Multiplicity: 1
Stereotypes: «lifeCycleInfo,voidable»
Attribute: endLifespanVersion
Value type: DateTime
Definition: Date and time at which this version of the spatial object was superseded or
retired in the spatial data set.
Multiplicity: 0..1
Stereotypes: «lifeCycleInfo,voidable»
Attribute: estimatedAccuracy
Value type: Length
Definition: The estimated absolute positional accuracy of cadastral parcels within the
cadastral zoning in the used INSPIRE coordinate reference system. Absolute
positional accuracy is the mean value of the positional uncertainties for a set of
positions, where the positional uncertainties are the distance between a
measured position and what is considered as the corresponding true position.
Description: NOTE This mean value may come from quality measures on a homogeneous
population of cadastral parcels or from an estimation based on the knowledge of
the production processes and of their accuracy.
Multiplicity: 0..1
Stereotypes: «voidable»
Attribute: geometry
Value type: GM_MultiSurface
Definition: Geometry of the cadastral zoning.
Multiplicity: 1
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CadastralZoning
Attribute: inspireId
Value type: Identifier
Definition: External object identifier of spatial object.
Description: NOTE
An external object identifier is a unique object identifier published by the
responsible body, which may be used by external applications to reference the
spatial object. The identifier is an identifier of the spatial object, not an identifier
of the real-world phenomenon.
Multiplicity: 0..1
Attribute: label
Value type: CharacterString
Definition: Text commonly used to display the cadastral zoning identification.
Description: NOTE 1 The label is usually the last part of the national cadastral zoning
reference or that reference itself or the name.
NOTE 2 The label can be used for label in portrayal.
Multiplicity: 1
Attribute: level
Value type: CadastralZoningLevelValue
Definition: Level of the cadastral zoning in the national cadastral hierarchy.
Multiplicity: 1
Stereotypes: «voidable»
Attribute: levelName
Value type: LocalisedCharacterString
Definition: Name of the level of the cadastral zoning in the national cadastral hierarchy, at
least in one official language of the European Union.
Description: EXAMPLE For Spain, level name might be supplied as "municipio" (in Spanish)
and as "municipality" (in English).
Multiplicity: 1..*
Stereotypes: «voidable»
Attribute: name
Value type: GeographicalName
Definition: Name of the cadastral zoning.
Description: NOTE 1 Cadastral zonings which are also administrative units have generally a
name.
EXAMPLE Bordeaux, Copenhagen.
NOTE 2 The language of the name should be filled in most cases, except if the
data producer does not know in which language the names are.
Multiplicity: 0..*
Stereotypes: «voidable»
Attribute: nationalCadastalZoningReference
Value type: CharacterString
Definition: Thematic identifier at national level, generally the full national code of the
cadastral zoning.
Description: EXAMPLE 03260000AB (France), 30133 (Austria), APD00F (Netherlands).
Multiplicity: 1
Attribute: originalMapScaleDenominator
Value type: Integer
Definition: The denominator in the scale of the original paper map (if applicable) to whose
extent the cadastral zoning corresponds.
Description: EXAMPLE 2000 means that original cadastral map was designed at scale 1:
2000.
Multiplicity: 0..1
Stereotypes: «voidable»
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CadastralZoning
Attribute: referencePoint
Value type: GM_Point
Definition: A point within the cadastral zoning.
Description: EXAMPLE The centroid of the cadastral parcel geometry.
Multiplicity: 0..1
Stereotypes: «voidable»
Attribute: validFrom
Value type: DateTime
Definition: Official date and time the cadastral zoning was/will be legally established.
Multiplicity: 0..1
Stereotypes: «voidable»
Attribute: validTo
Value type: DateTime
Definition: Date and time at which the cadastral zoning legally ceased/will cease to be used.
Multiplicity: 0..1
Stereotypes: «voidable»
Association role: upperLevelUnit
Value type: CadastralZoning
Definition: The next upper level cadastral zoning containing this cadastral zoning.
Multiplicity: 0..1
Stereotypes: «voidable»
Constraint: endLifespanVersion
Natural
language:
If set, the date endLifespanVersion must be later than beginLifespanVersion.
OCL: inv: self.endLifespanVersion .isAfter(self.beginLifespanVersion)
Constraint: estimatedAccuracyUoM
Natural
language:
Value of estimatedAccuracy has to be given in meters.
OCL: inv: self.estimatedAccuracy.uom.uomSymbol='m'
Constraint: validTo
Natural
language:
If set, the date validTo shall be equal or later than validFrom.
OCL: inv: self.validTo .isEqual(self.validFrom) or self.validTo .isAfter(self.validFrom
Constraint: zoningLevelHierarchy
Natural
language:
Defines the hierarchy of cadastral zonings - a lower level cadastral zoning is part
of an upper level zoning.
OCL: inv: self.nationalLevel <> '1stOrder' implies self.level < self.upperLevelUnit.level
5.2.2.2 Enumerations and code lists
class Enumerations & codelists
«codeList»
CadastralParcels::
CadastralZoningLevelValue
+ 1stOrder
+ 2ndOrder
+ 3rdOrder
Figure 4 – UML class diagram: Enumerations and code lists
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5.2.2.2.1 CadastralZoningLevelValue
CadastralZoningLevelValue
Definition: Levels of hierarchy of the cadastral zonings.
Description: NOTE The higher levels in the administrative units theme (province, state) are
not repeated in this code list.
Status: Proposed
Stereotypes: «codeList»
Governance: Centrally managed in INSPIRE code list register. URN: urn:x-
inspire:def:codeList:INSPIRE:CadastralZoningLevelValue
Value: 1stOrder
Definition: Uppermost level (largest areas) in the hierarchy of cadastral zonings, equal or
equivalent to municipalities.
Value: 2ndOrder
Definition: Second level in the hierarchy of cadastral zonings.
Value: 3rdOrder
Definition: Third level in the hierarchy of cadastral zonings.
5.2.2.3 Imported types (informative)
This section lists definitions for feature types, data types and enumerations and code lists that are
defined in other application schemas. The section is purely informative and should help the reader
understand the feature catalogue presented in the previous sections. For the normative
documentation of these types, see the given references.
5.2.2.3.1 AdministrativeUnit
AdministrativeUnit
Package: AdministrativeUnits [see DS-D.2.8.I.4]
Definition: Unit of administration where a Member State has and/or exercises jurisdictional
rights, for local, regional and national governance.
5.2.2.3.2 GeographicalName
GeographicalName
Package: Geographical Names [see DS-D.2.8.I.3]
Definition: Proper noun applied to a real world entity.
5.2.2.3.3 Identifier
Identifier
Package: Base Types [see DS-D2.5]
Definition: Unique object identifier published by the responsible body, which may be used
by external applications to reference the spatial object.
Description: NOTE1 External object identifiers are distinct from thematic object identifiers.
NOTE 2 The voidable version identifier attribute is not part of the unique identifier
of a spatial object and may be used to distinguish two versions of the same
spatial object.
NOTE 3 The unique identifier will not change during the life-time of a spatial
object.
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6 Reference systems
6.1 Coordinate reference systems
6.1.1Datum
Requirement 9 For the coordinate reference systems used for making available the INSPIRE
spatial data sets, the datum shall be the datum of the European Terrestrial
Reference System 1989 (ETRS89) in areas within its geographical scope, and the
datum of the International Terrestrial Reference System (ITRS) or other geodetic
coordinate reference systems compliant with ITRS in areas that are outside the
geographical scope of ETRS89. Compliant with the ITRS means that the system
definition is based on the definition of the ITRS and there is a well established
and described relationship between both systems, according to EN ISO 19111.
6.1.2Coordinate reference systems
Requirement 10 INSPIRE spatial data sets shall be made available using one of the threedimensional,
two-dimensional or compound coordinate reference systems
specified in the list below.
Other coordinate reference systems than those listed below may only be used for
regions outside of continental Europe. The geodetic codes and parameters for
these coordinate reference systems shall be documented, and an identifier shall
be created, according to EN ISO 19111 and ISO 19127.
1. Three-dimensional Coordinate Reference Systems
– Three-dimensional Cartesian coordinates
– Three-dimensional geodetic coordinates (latitude, longitude and ellipsoidal height), using the
parameters of the GRS80 ellipsoid
2. Two-dimensional Coordinate Reference Systems
– Two-dimensional geodetic coordinates, using the parameters of the GRS80 ellipsoid
– Plane coordinates using the Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area projection and the parameters of
the GRS80 ellipsoid
– Plane coordinates using the Transverse Mercator projection and the parameters of the GRS80
ellipsoid
3. Compound Coordinate Reference Systems
– For the horizontal component of the compound coordinate reference system, one of the twodimensional
coordinate reference systems specified above shall be used
– For the vertical component on land, the European Vertical Reference System (EVRS) shall be
used to express gravity-related heights within its geographical scope
– Other vertical reference systems related to the Earth gravity field shall be used to express
gravity-related heights in areas that are outside the geographical scope of EVRS. The geodetic
codes and parameters for these vertical reference systems shall be documented and an
identifier shall be created, according to EN ISO 19111 and ISO 19127
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Recommendation 12 Based on the INSPIRE horizontal coordinate reference system, each Member
State should define a projection or a set of projections suitable for working with
cadastral parcels on national territory and on cross-border areas. A projection
is suitable if it offers small scale deviation and so enable users to measure
distances and surfaces in meaningful way. This projection or set of projections
has to be defined in agreement with neighbour countries. This projection or set
of projections should be offered to users through the Coordinate
Transformation services. This projection or set of projections must be well
documented to allow the conversion from and to the common Coordinate
Reference System. The documentation shall be provided according to ISO
19111, which states how a projected coordinate reference system must be
described.
6.1.3Display
Requirement 11 For the display of the INSPIRE spatial data sets with the View Service specified in
D003152/02 Draft Commission Regulation implementing Directive 2007/2/EC of
the European Parliament and of the Council as regards Network Services, at least
the two dimensional geodetic coordinate system shall be made available.
6.1.4Identifiers for coordinate reference systems
Requirement 12 For referring to the non-compound coordinate reference systems listed in this
Section, the identifiers listed below shall be used.
For referring to a compound coordinate reference system, an identifier composed
of the identifier of the horizontal component, followed by a slash (/), followed by
the identifier of the vertical component, shall be used.
- ETRS89-XYZ for Cartesian coordinates in ETRS89
- ETRS89-GRS80h for three-dimensional geodetic coordinates in ETRS89 on the GRS80 ellipsoid
- ETRS89-GRS80 for two-dimensional geodetic coordinates in ETRS89 on the GRS80
- EVRS for height in EVRS
- ETRS89-LAEA for ETRS89 coordinates projected into plane coordinates by the Lambert Azimuthal
Equal Area projection
- ETRS89-TMzn for ETRS89 coordinates projected into plane coordinates by the Transverse
Mercator projection
6.2 Temporal reference system
Requirement 13 The Gregorian Calendar shall be used for as a reference system for date values,
and the Universal Time Coordinated (UTC) or the local time including the time
zone as an offset from UTC shall be used as a reference system for time values.
7 Data quality
This section includes a description of data quality elements and sub-elements as well as the
associated basic data quality measures to be used to describe data related to the spatial data theme
Cadastral Parcels (see Table 5).
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NOTE Additional guidance documents on procedures and methods that can be used to
implement the basic data quality measures introduced in this section will be provided at a later stage.
In addition, recommendations on minimum data quality are included for specific elements.
Data quality information can be described at level of spatial object (feature), spatial object type
(feature type), dataset or dataset series. Data quality information at spatial object level is modelled
directly in the application schema (Chapter 5).
Recommendation 13 Aggregated data quality information should ideally be collected at the level of
spatial object types and included in the dataset (series) metadata.
Chapter 8 describes the corresponding metadata elements to report about this data quality
information.
Table 5 – List of all data quality elements used in the spatial data theme Cadastral Parcels
Section
Data quality
element
Data quality sub-
element
Scope(s)
7.1.1 Completeness Omission spatial object type
7.2.1
Positional accuracy Absolute or external
accuracy
spatial object type
7.1 Completeness
7.1.1 Omission
Omission should be documented using the rate of missing items.
Name Rate of missing items
Alternative name –
Data quality element Completeness
Data quality sub-element Ommission
Data quality basic measure Error rate
Definition Number of missing items in the dataset in relation to the number
of items that should have been present.
Description –
Parameter –
Data quality value type Real, percentage, ratio (example: 0,0189 ; 98,11% ; 11:582)
Data quality value structure –
Source reference –
Example –
Measure identifier 7 (ISO 19138)
NOTE: Clause 10.1 of this document gives guidelines about which items should be present in an
INSPIRE data set on theme cadastral parcels. However, it is to each data producer to define more in
detail its capture rules for the INSPIRE theme cadastral parcels. These capture rules should be
documented in the template for lineage (see 8.2.3 and annex D). Then, completeness shall be
provided against these capture rules.
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Recommendation 14 Rate of missing items should be 0% for cadastral parcels and cadastral
zonings (if any).
7.2 Positional accuracy
7.2.1 Absolute or external accuracy
Absolute or external accuracy should be documented using Mean value of positional uncertainties
(1D, 2D)
Name Mean value of positional uncertainties (1D, 2D)
Alternative name
Data quality element Positional accuracy
Data quality sub-element Absolute external accuracy
Data quality basic measure Not applicable
Definition
Description
Parameter
Data quality value type
Data quality value structure
Source reference
Example
Measure identifier 28
NOTE A cadastral data provider may give information about absolute accuracy:
- at spatial object level, as attribute “estimatedAccuracy” on CadastralZoning or on
CadastralBoundary
- at spatial object type, as metadata element “positional accuracy”.
In case none of these solutions are feasible, the cadastral data provider should give information about
positional accuracy under the “lineage” metadata element (see clause 8.3 and annex D).
This may occur, for instance, if the information about positional accuracy does not provide from quality
measures but is just estimated from the knowledge of source data and of production processes.
Recommendation 15 Mean value of positional uncertainties should be 1 metre or better in urban
areas and 2,5 metres or better in rural/agricultural areas. Cadastral data may
be less accurate in unexploited areas.
NOTE 1 More generally, absolute positional accuracy should be function of the density of human
activities. This recommendation may be adapted to the specific context of each Member State.
NOTE 2 Absolute positional accuracy shall be given for cadastral data as they are published in
INSPIRE and, so, in the Coordinate Reference System mandated by INSPIRE (ETRS89 or ITRS). For
more detail, see clause 10.4.
8 Dataset-level metadata
Metadata can be reported for each individual spatial object (spatial object-level metadata) or once for
a complete dataset or dataset series (dataset-level metadata). Spatial object-level metadata is fully
described in the application schema (section 5). If data quality elements are used at spatial object
level, the documentation shall refer to the appropriate definition in section 7. This section only
specifies dataset-level metadata elements.
For some dataset-level metadata elements, in particular on data quality and maintenance, a more
specific scope can be specified. This allows the definition of metadata at sub-dataset level, e.g.
separately for each spatial object type. When using ISO 19115/19139 to encode the metadata, the
following rules should be followed:
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− The scope element (of type DQ_Scope) of the DQ_DataQuality subtype should be used to
encode the scope.
− Only the following values should be used for the level element of DQ_Scope: Series, Dataset,
featureType.
− If the level is featureType the levelDescription/MDScopeDescription/features element (of type
Set< GF_FeatureType>) shall be used to list the feature type names.
NOTE The value featureType is used to denote spatial object type.
Mandatory or conditional metadata elements are specified in Section Error! Reference source not
found.. Optional metadata elements are specified in Section 8.2. The tables describing the metadata
elements contain the following information:
− The first column provides a reference to a more detailed description.
− The second column specifies the name of the metadata element.
− The third column specifies the multiplicity.
− The fourth column specifies the condition, under which the given element becomes mandatory
(only for Table 6 and Table 7).
8.1 Mandatory and conditional metadata elements
Requirement 14 The metadata describing a spatial data set or a spatial data set series related to
the theme Cadastral Parcels shall comprise the metadata elements required by
Regulation 1205/2008/EC (implementing Directive 2007/2/EC of the European
Parliament and of the Council as regards metadata) for spatial datasets and
spatial dataset series (Table 6) as well as the metadata elements specified in
Table 7.
Table 6 – Metadata for spatial datasets and spatial dataset series specified in Regulation
1205/2008/EC (implementing Directive 2007/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council
as regards metadata)
Metadata
Regulation
Section
Metadata element Multiplicity Condition
1.1 Resource title 1
1.2 Resource abstract 1
1.3 Resource type 1
1.4 Resource locator 0..* Mandatory if a URL is available to obtain
more information on the resource, and/or
access related services.
1.5 Unique resource identifier 1..*
1.7 Resource language 0..* Mandatory if the resource includes
textual information.
2.1 Topic category 1..*
3 Keyword 1..*
4.1 Geographic bounding box 1..*
5 Temporal reference 1..*
6.1 Lineage 1
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6.2 Spatial resolution 0..* Mandatory for data sets and data set
series if an equivalent scale or a
resolution distance can be specified.
7 Conformity 1..*
8.1 Conditions for access and
use
1..*
8.2 Limitations on public
access
1..*
9 Responsible organisation 1..*
10.1 Metadata point of contact 1..*
10.2 Metadata date 1
10.3 Metadata language 1
Table 7 – Mandatory and conditional theme-specific metadata for the theme Cadastral parcels
INSPIRE Data
Specification
Cadastral
Parcels
Section
Metadata element Multiplicity Condition
8.1.1 Coordinate Reference
System
1
8.1.2 Temporal Reference
System
0..* Mandatory, if the spatial data set or one
of its feature types contains temporal
information that does not refer to the
Gregorian Calendar or the Coordinated
Universal Time.
8.1.3 Encoding 1
8.1.1 Coordinate Reference System
Metadata element name Coordinate Reference System
Definition
Description of the coordinate reference system used in the
dataset.
ISO 19115 number and name 13. referenceSystemInfo
ISO/TS 19139 path referenceSystemInfo
INSPIRE obligation / condition mandatory
INSPIRE multiplicity 1
Data type(and ISO 19115 no.) 189. MD_CRS
Domain
Either the referenceSystemIdentifier (RS_Identifier) or the
projection (RS_Identifier), ellipsoid (RS_Identifier) and datum
(RS_Identifier) properties shall be provided.
Implementing instructions
Example
referenceSystemIdentifier:
code: ETRS_89
codeSpace: INSPIRE RS registry
Example XML encoding
Comments
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8.1.2 Temporal Reference System
Metadata element name Temporal Reference System
Definition
Description of the temporal reference systems used in the
dataset.
ISO 19115 number and name 13. referenceSystemInfo
ISO/TS 19139 path referenceSystemInfo
INSPIRE obligation / condition
Mandatory, if the spatial data set or one of its feature types
contains temporal information that does not refer to the
Gregorian Calendar or the Coordinated Universal Time.
INSPIRE multiplicity 0..*
Data type(and ISO 19115 no.) 186. MD_ReferenceSystem
Domain
No specific type is defined in ISO 19115 for temporal reference
systems. Thus, the generic MD_ReferenceSystem element and
its reference SystemIdentifier (RS_Identifier) property shall be
provided.
Implementing instructions
Example
referenceSystemIdentifier:
code: GregorianCalendar
codeSpace: INSPIRE RS registry
Example XML encoding
Comments
8.1.3 Encoding
Metadata element name Encoding
Definition
Description of the computer language construct that specifies
the representation of data objects in a record, file, message,
storage device or transmission channel
ISO 19115 number and name 271. distributionFormat
ISO/TS 19139 path distributionInfo/MD_Distribution/distributionFormat
INSPIRE obligation / condition mandatory
INSPIRE multiplicity 1
Data type (and ISO 19115 no.) 284. MD_Format
Domain
See B.2.10.4. The following property values shall be used for
default and alternative encodings specified in section 9.2:
Default Encoding
− name: Cadastral Parcels GML application schema
− version: Version 3.0, GML version 3.2.1
− specification: D2.8.I.6 Data Specification on Cadastral
Parcels – Draft Guidelines
Alternative Encoding
− Implementing
instructions
Example
name: Cadastral Parcels GML application schema
version: version 3.0, GML, version 3.2.1
specification: D2.8.I.6 Data Specification on Cadastral Parcels
–
Draft Guidelines
Example XML encoding
Comments
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8.2 Optional metadata elements
Recommendation 16 The metadata describing a spatial data set or a spatial data set series related
to the theme Cadastral Parcels should comprise the theme-specific metadata
elements specified in Table 8.
Table 8 – Optional theme-specific metadata for the theme Cadastral Parcels
INSPIRE Data
Specification
Cadastral
Parcels
Section
Metadata element Multiplicity
8.2.1 Maintenance Information 0..1
8.2.2 Data Quality – Completeness – Omission 0..*
8.2.3 Data Quality - Positional accuracy – Absolute or external accuracy 0..*
8.2.1 Maintenance Information
Metadata element name Maintenance information
Definition information about the scope and frequency of updating
ISO 19115 number and name 30. resourceMaintenance
ISO/TS 19139 path identificationInfo/MD_Identification/resourceMaintenance
INSPIRE obligation / condition optional
INSPIRE multiplicity 0..1
Data type(and ISO 19115 no.) 142. MD_MaintenanceInformation
Domain
This is a complex type (lines 143-148 from ISO 19115).
At least the following elements should be used (the multiplicity
according to ISO 19115 is shown in parentheses):
− maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency [1]: frequency with which
changes and additions are made to the resource after the
initial resource is completed / domain value:
MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode:
− updateScope [0..*]: scope of data to which maintenance is
applied / domain value: MD_ScopeCode
− maintenanceNote [0..*]: information regarding specific
requirements for maintaining the resource / domain value:
free text
Implementing instructions
Example
Example XML encoding
Comments
Recommendation 17 Frequency with which changes are made for INSPIRE should be as close as
possible to the frequency with which changes are made in national cadastral
register or equivalent. Moreover, frequency with which changes are made for
INSPIRE should be one year or better.
NOTE Typically, frequency with which changes are made will vary from daily basic for data
providers publishing on-line continuous updating of cadastral data to yearly basis for data providers
publishing annual updated editions of cadastral data.
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8.2.2 Data Quality – Completeness – Omission
Metadata element name Data Quality – Completeness – Omission
Definition data absent from the dataset, as described by the scope
ISO 19115 number and name 18. dataQualityInfo
ISO/TS 19139 path dataQualityInfo
INSPIRE obligation / condition optional
INSPIRE multiplicity 0..*
Data type (and ISO 19115 no.) 110. DQ_CompletenessOmission
Domain Lines 100-107 from ISO 19115
Implementing instructions
Example
Example XML encoding
Comments See clause 7.2.1 in Chapter 7 for detailed information.
8.2.3 Data Quality – Positional Accuracy – Absolute or external accuracy
Metadata element name
Data Quality - Positional accuracy - Absolute external
accuracy
Definition
closeness of reported coordinate values to values accepted as
or being true
ISO 19115 number and name 18. dataQualityInfo
ISO/TS 19139 path dataQualityInfo
INSPIRE obligation / condition optional
INSPIRE multiplicity 0..*
Data type(and ISO 19115 no.) 117. DQ_AbsoluteExternalPositionalAccuracy
Domain Lines 100-107 from ISO 19115
Implementing instructions
Example
Example XML encoding
Comments See clause 7.3.1 in Chapter 7 for detailed information.
8.3 Guidelines on using metadata elements defined in Regulation
1205/2008/EC
8.3.1 Conformity
The Conformity metadata element defined in Regulation 1205/2008/EC allows to report the
conformance with the Implementing Rule for interoperability of spatial data sets and services or
another specification. The degree of conformity of the dataset can be Conformant (if the dataset is
fully conformant with the cited specification), Not Conformant (if the dataset does not conform to the
cited specification) or Not evaluated (if the conformance has not been evaluated).
Recommendation 18 In order to report conceptual consistency with this INSPIRE data specification,
the Conformity metadata element should be used. The value of Conformant
should be used for the Degree element only if the dataset passes all the
requirements described in the abstract test suite presented in Annex A. The
Specification element should be given as follows:
- title: “INSPIRE Data Specification on Cadastral parcels –Guidelines”
- date:
- dateType: publication
- date: 2010-04-26
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8.3.2 Lineage
Following the ISO 19113 Quality principles, if a data provider has a procedure for quality validation of
their spatial data sets then the data quality elements listed in the Chapter 8 should be used. If not, the
Lineage metadata element (defined in Regulation 1205/2008/EC) should be used to describe the
overall quality of a spatial data set.
According to Regulation 1205/2008/EC, lineage “is a statement on process history and/or overall
quality of the spatial data set. Where appropriate it may include a statement whether the data set has
been validated or quality assured, whether it is the official version (if multiple versions exist), and
whether it has legal validity. The value domain of this metadata element is free text”.
Recommendation 19 Apart from describing the process history, if feasible within a free text, the
overall quality of the dataset (series) should be included in the Lineage
metadata element. This statement should contain any quality information
required for interoperability and/or valuable for use and evaluation of the data
set (series).
Recommendation 20 Main specificities of cadastral data should be published in the element
“description of a data set”, using the template for lineage provided in annex D.
8.3.3 Temporal reference
According to Regulation 1205/2008/EC, at least one of the following temporal reference metadata
elements shall be provided: temporal extent, date of publication, date of last revision, date of creation.
Recommendation 21 If feasible, the date of the last revision of a spatial data set should be reported
using the Date of last revision metadata element.
9 Delivery
9.1 Delivery medium
Requirement 15 Data conformant to this INSPIRE data specification shall be made available
through an INSPIRE network service.
Requirement 16 All information that is required by a calling application to be able to retrieve the
data through the used network service shall be made available in accordance with
the requirements defined in the Implementing Rules on Network Services.
EXAMPLE 1 Through the Get Spatial Objects function, a download service can either download a
pre-defined data set or pre-defined part of a data set (non-direct access download service), or give
direct access to the spatial objects contained in the data set, and download selections of spatial
objects based upon a query (direct access download service). To execute such a request, some of the
following information might be required:
− the list of spatial object types and/or predefined data sets that are offered by the download
service (to be provided through the Get Download Service Metadata operation),
− and the query capabilities section advertising the types of predicates that may be used to form
a query expression (to be provided through the Get Download Service Metadata operation,
where applicable),
− a description of spatial object types offered by a download service instance (to be provided
through the Describe Spatial Object Types operation).
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EXAMPLE 2 Through the Transform function, a transformation service carries out data content
transformations from native data forms to the INSPIRE-compliant form and vice versa. If this operation
is directly called by an application to transform source data (e.g. obtained through a download service)
that is not yet conformant with this data specification, the following parameters are required:
Input data (mandatory). The data set to be transformed.
− Source model (mandatory, if cannot be determined from the input data). The model in which the
input data is provided.
− Target model (mandatory). The model in which the results are expected.
− Model mapping (mandatory, unless a default exists). Detailed description of how the
transformation is to be carried out.
9.2 Encodings
9.2.1 Encoding for application schema Cadastral parcels
Requirement 17 Data conformant to the application schema Cadastral Parcels shall be encoded
using the encoding specified in section 9.2.1.1.
9.2.1.1 Default Encoding: GML Application Schema Cadastral parcels
Format name: Cadastral Parcels GML Application Schema
Version of the format: V3.0, GML, version 3.2.1
Reference to the specification of the format: ISO 19136:2007
Character set: UTF-8
The GML Application Schema is distributed in a zip-file separately from the data specification
document.
10 Data Capture
10.1Spatial object types
10.1.1 CadastralParcel
Requirement 18 All cadastral parcels which are under the INSPIRE scope shall be published
Cadastral parcels are considered as under the INSPIRE scope if:
− they fit with the definition given by the Directive “areas defined in cadastral registers or
equivalent”
− they fit as much as possible with the description given in this document “single area on Earth
surface under homogeneous real property rights and unique ownership, forming a partition of
national territory”
− they are available as vector data.
EXAMPLE 1: France
In France, there are two kinds of “areas defined in cadastral registers or equivalent”:
− parcels (single areas on Earth surface under unique or homogeneous property right)
− sub-parcels (division of parcels based on official land use for taxation purposes)
Only the first one “parcels” have to be published for INSPIRE.
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EXAMPLE 2: Finland
In Finland, basic units "in cadastral registers or equivalent" are called basic property units. Areas of
basic property units are called parcels (single areas on Earth surface under unique or homogenous
property rights). Notice: in Finland, one basic property unit can be composed from 0 to many parcels.
The parcels will be published for INSPIRE as cadastral parcels. Basic property units composed of 1 to
many parcels may also be published for INSPIRE.
EXAMPLE 3: United Kingdom
In United Kingdom, cadastral parcels represent the extent (in 2D) of titles, they may overlap in case
two titles own the same space, e.g. due to different kinds of title (leasehold, freehold) or due to titles
applying at different heights.
These parcels are compliant with the definition given by the Directive “areas defined in cadastral
registers or equivalent” but not with the description given in this document “single areas on Earth
surface under unique or homogeneous property right, forming as much of possible a partition of
territory” because some parcels are not really at Earth surface and because some parcels overlap.
The Land Registry of United Kingdom should publish only cadastral parcels which are on ground/Earth
surface, as in INSPIRE understanding, “parcels” at other heights are not really parcels but rather
building units.
Concerning the overlapping parcels due to different titles applying to same piece of land (or water),
United Kingdom should decide which titles define the INSPIRE cadastral parcels, taking into account
the recommendation about partition of territory but also the current use of cadastral parcels for the use
cases aimed by INSPIRE.
EXAMPLE 4: Hungary
In national regulation:
(1) Cadastral parcels are
(a) single areas on Earth surface, which are not cut off by administrative or built-up area
boundary, under unique or homogenous ownership or trusteeship rights.
(b) shaped building lots independently of ownership or trusteeship rights.
(2) Cadastral parcels must be subdivided into sub-parcels based on land use categories
(3) Objects must be registered together with cadastral parcels, if the ownership rights are the same
like the cadastral parcel
(a) buildings and structures within the cadastral parcel
(b) in case of condominium the common parts and chambers of the building, which are under
joint ownership rights
In Hungary only the cadastral parcels under case (a) will be published for INSPIRE.
Recommendation 22 The selection rules for INSPIRE cadastral parcels should be decided by each
Member State, based on the guidelines given in this document and then
documented as metadata, under lineage element.
NOTE Cadastral parcels should form, as much as possible, a partition of national territory.
However, it won’t be possible in every country, due to national regulations. These gaps and overlaps
due to national regulations have been called respectively “cadastral gaps” and “cadastral overlaps”
and information about them has also to be given in metadata (lineage information).
10.1.2 CadastralZoning
Recommendation 23 All cadastral zonings which are under the INSPIRE scope should be published.
Cadastral zonings are considered under the INSPIRE scope:
a) if they are available as vector data
b) if they include cadastral parcels also published for INSPIRE
c) if Member State considers them as helpful for users
d) if the extent of cadastral zonings is equivalent or smaller than the extent of cadastral data
generally required by users.
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EXAMPLE 1 (about condition b): France
In some parts of its territory, France has cadastral parcels as raster data (so cadastral parcels outside
the INSPIRE scope) but has cadastral zonings as vector data. In this case, it won’t be relevant to
supply cadastral zonings for INSPIRE.
NOTE 1 (about condition c)
Cadastral zonings should be considered as helpful for users at least in the following cases:
− when they carry metadata attributes (estimated accuracy and/or original map scale
denominator)
− when the current practice for portrayal of cadastral parcels is to display only the last part of
national cadastral reference (in this case, cadastral zonings will be required to display the first
part of this attribute).
− when cadastral zonings are generally used to make easier data management in the users
database (e.g. for queries).
NOTE 2 (about condition d)
Most users will very likely require cadastral parcels only to work at local level, e.g. on a municipality or
a set of municipalities. So, generally, cadastral zonings should not have an extent significantly bigger
than municipalities (the lowest level in administrative hierarchy).
Recommendation 24 If in a Member State, municipalities are used as cadastral zonings,
municipalities should be considered as the upper level of cadastral zonings.
NOTE 3 In case a Member State uses other administrative levels than municipalities as cadastral
zonings, these upper levels of administrative units should not be duplicated in theme Cadastral
Parcels.
EXAMPLE 2
In the Netherlands there is nationwide coverage of the cadastral parcels, which are organised in a
hierarchical structure: the top levels of this hierarchical structure coincide with the administrative
boundaries of municipality, province, nation. In the INSPIRE context, the cadastral zoning levels will
be:
- Cadastral section (lowest level = 3)
- Cadastral municipality (level = 2)
- Civil municipality (upper level= 1 and also lowest level of administrative unit).
Cadastral municipalities are the old (original) municipalities, which are in many cases now grouped to
larger units in the current actual (civil) municipalities. The old cadastral municipalities are still there as
their code is part of the parcel identifier. And they do form a part of a proper hierarchy.
NOTE 4 In case a Member State does not use municipalities as cadastral zoning, it is up to this
Member State to decide which cadastral zonings shall be published in INSPIRE, taking into account
that the extent of cadastral zonings shall be equivalent or smaller than the extent of cadastral data
generally required by users.
EXAMPLE 4
In Denmark, there is only one level of cadastral zoning, called cadastral district (corresponding to old
towns with local cadastral maps). This level should be published for INSPIRE.
NOTE 5 This spatial object type is considered as optional; it may happen that some countries (e.g.
United Kingdom) do not have this spatial object type or do not consider it as helpful (e.g. Finland).
10.1.3 CadastralBoundary
Recommendation 25 Cadastral boundaries have to be published for INSPIRE only if available as
vector data and if carrying the information about estimated accuracy.
NOTE In case a Member State provides for INSPIRE the spatial object type CadastralBoundary, all
instances of this spatial object type have to be published (even if some instances do not carry any
information about estimated accuracy), i.e. all cadastral boundaries of all parcels have to be
published.
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EXAMPLE Cadastral boundaries will have to be provided by countries such as Norway or
Netherlands which consider convenient to supply the information about accuracy at the boundary
level.
10.1.4 BasicPropertyUnit
Recommendation 26 Basic property units should be published for INSPIRE only when cadastral
references are given to basic property units and not for parcels.
EXAMPLE In countries as Norway and Finland the basic unit in registration is basic property unit.
10.2nationalCadastralReference
The structure of cadastral reference is different for every country and it is outside the scope/ambition
of INSPIRE to make this uniform.
Every country has different cadastral references with different structure, which carries different
meanings: sometimes a hierarchical cadastral division is stored in the cadastral reference, sometimes
some lineage can be observed etc…
EXAMPLES
− Austria: 30133-123/45, behind the / is the result of dividing an (earlier) parcel
− Belgium: 92001A0999_02R999, cadastral division key (5d), section (1l), root (4d), bis (‘_’+2d),
alphanumeric (1l or ‘ ’), numeric (3d)
− Denmark: 590151,157h, cadastral district (max 7d), parcel id (max 4d+3L)
− Finland: 09140300020017, municipality number (3d), cadastral division number (3d), group
number (4d) and sequence number (4d)
− Norway: 1729 – 12/4/0/2. municipality number (4d), land number (max 4d), title number (max
4d), lease number (max 4d, only for leased area), unit number (max 4d, only for sectioned area,
that is limited part of building) . “– “ is used as separator between municipality and land number.
A “/“ is used as separator otherwise.
− Spain: two options:
− urban: 9872023 VH5797S 0001 WX, estate/parcel (7d), sheet (7c), flat/unit (4d), control (2l)
− rural: 13 077 A 018 00039 0000 FP, province (2d), municipality (3d), sector (1l), polygon (3d),
parcel (5d), sub-parcel (4d), control (2l)
− The Netherlands: APD00 F 2345, municipality (3l+2d), section (2l), parcel (5d)
− Hungary: 0214-023 settlement statistic code (4 digits)-parcel_id (max. 6 digits)
− 0214-023/25: in the case of subdivided parcel: original_parcel_id + „/” + subdivided_parcel_id
(max. 3d). For parcels inside rural areas parcel_id started with „0” (zero)
Recommendation 27 The structure of national cadastral reference should be documented as
metadata, under lineage element.
Recommendation 28 The national cadastral reference being a key attribute, data producers should
put in place the necessary checking processes to ensure that there are no
errors about this attribute, e.g. that for each cadastral parcel, the national
cadastral reference published for INSPIRE is the same as the one in national
cadastral register or equivalent.
NOTE An error on attribute national cadastral reference may have big impact, especially in case of
preparing expropriation for infrastructure projects or any other public land acquisition. It is why a
specific care should be brought to this attribute.
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10.3 INSPIRE Identifier (inspireId)
As explained in clause 5.2.1.4, all spatial objects published for INSPIRE shall carry a unique identifier:
the “inspireId”. This attribute must have the characteristics defined in the Generic Conceptual Model:
− be unique in the INSPIRE context
− be persistent (life-cycle rules being up to each Member State)
− give a way to find the download service where the spatial object is available
− be compliant with the lexical rules:
o composed of a namespace and a local identifier
o the namespace must begin by the 2 letter country code
o the namespace and the local identifier can include only the limited set of characters
allowed by the Generic Conceptual Model.
The following part of this clause gives some advices and examples to data providers about how they
may supply such unique identifiers.
10.3.1 Namespace
The first point is to define a convenient namespace. To ensure both uniqueness within the INSPIRE
context and possible link with download services, it may be useful to add to the mandatory country
code, the data provider name or acronym.
For instance, namespace might be: NL.KADASTER (if download service at national level) or
ES.Catastro.Barcelona (if download services available at province level in Spain).
More examples and details may be found in the Generic Conceptual Model.
10.3.2 Local identifier
The second point is to decide on the local identifier to be used. Of course, to ensure the required
characteristics, this local identifier must be itself unique (in the local/national set of cadastral data),
persistent and must include only the limited set of characters allowed by the Generic Conceptual
Model.
Case 1: data provider has both external identifiers and thematic identifiers (the national cadastral
reference)
For instance, Denmark has thematic structured identifiers and meaningless external identifiers (UUID).
If both identifiers comply with the characteristics of the local identifier required by INSPIRE, it will be
up to Danish cadastre to decide which should be used as the local identifier for INSPIRE.
Case 2: data provider has only thematic identifiers (the national cadastral reference) and this thematic
identifier complies with the characteristics of the local identifier required by INSPIRE. It seems to be
the case in many countries.
In this case, the thematic identifier may be used as local identifier.
Case 3: data provider has no external identifier, it has only thematic identifier (the national cadastral
reference) but which does not comply with the characteristics of the local identifier required by
INSPIRE.
o The thematic identifier may be not unique
It is the case, for instance, in Finland, where the thematic identifier is carried by the basic property
units (which may be composed from 0 to many cadastral parcels). In this case, the national Cadastre
must attribute unique identifiers to parcels, e.g. by adding a suffix to each parcel composing the same
basic property unit, by using internal identifier, if any, by attributing automatic identifiers (UUID,
coordinates of centroïd points, …). The method to form the local identifier is up to each data provider.
o The thematic identifier uses other characters than the ones allowed by the Generic
Conceptual Model.
It is the case, for instance, in Austria where the thematic identifier may include the “/” separator to
indicate parcel splitting whereas this separator is not allowed by the Generic Conceptual Model.
In this case, to form the local identifier, the national Cadastre must provide a method to make this
thematic identifier compliant with the rules in the Generic Conceptual Model (e.g. by replacing the “/”
by another allowed separator, such as “_”).
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10.4 Estimated accuracy
For INSPIRE, cadastral data shall be published in the Coordinate Reference System mandated by the
Implementing Rule on Reference Systems, i.e. in ETRS89 for areas on the Eurasian tectonic plate
and in ITRS elsewhere.
Of course, INSPIRE users will be interested by having information about the accuracy of cadastral
data, as they receive them, in the Coordinate Reference System mandated by INSPIRE. It is why the
clauses about application schema and about quality and metadata require cadastral data providers to
give estimated accuracy related to the coordinates in ETRS89 (or ITRS).
However, in most Member States, the estimated accuracy is generally known in the source Coordinate
Reference System, the national or local one.
The estimated accuracy for INSPIRE will be the combination of estimated accuracy in original
Coordinate Reference System and of the accuracy of the coordinate transformation between original
Reference System to INSPIRE Reference System.
Coordinate transformation between two horizontal geodetic datum is generally done, using one of the
three following methods:
− transformation with 3 parameters
− transformation with 7 parameters
− transformation with a grid.
Experience in some countries has shown that transformation with 3 or even 7 parameters might bring
deviations up to 10 metres. So, the impact of such transformations may not be neglected on cadastral
data whose original accuracy generally varies from some decimetres to some metres.
The ideal solution would be for each Member State to define good quality coordinate transformations
(using grids and bringing no deviation bigger than some centimetres). However, if not possible before
the deadlines of INSPIRE, the impact of coordinate transformation has to be taken into account when
giving information about positional accuracy, both in the application schema and in metadata.
10.5 Level and levelName
These two attributes are related to cadastral zonings. They generally do not exist as such in national
cadastral databases but should be created for INSPIRE.
EXAMPLE
In France, there are two feature types corresponding to INSPIRE cadastral zonings:
− municipalities (“commune”)
− cadastral sheets (“division cadastrale”)
Municipalities represent the uppest level, so should be attributed level 1 (1stOrder).
Cadastral sheets represent a lower level and will be attributed level 2 (2ndOrder)
During the transformation of national data to INSPIRE specification,
− all instances of feature type “Commune” will be transformed into INSPIRE feature type
“CadastralZoning” with attributes:
- level = 1stOrder
- levelName = “Commune” (and/or “municipalities”)
− all instances of feature type “Division cadastrale” will be transformed into INSPIRE feature type
“CadastralZoning” with attributes:
- level = 2ndOrder
- levelName = “Division cadastrale” (and/or “cadastral sheet”)
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10.6 Value of area
Both cadastral parcels and basic property units have the areaValue attribute.
Recommendation 29 The areaValue should be area of the whole cadastral parcel (or whole basic
property unit).
NOTE When parcel is single area, the areaValue means that area. When parcel is multisurface, the
areaValue mean total value of the several areas composing this cadastral parcel.
NOTE When areaValue is given for basic property unit, it means the total area of all parcels
composing this basic property unit. When basic property unit has just one parcel, areaValue means
area of that parcel.
11 Portrayal
This clause defines the rules for layers and styles to be used for portrayal of the spatial object types
defined for this theme.
In section 11.1, the types of layers are defined that are to be used for the portrayal of the spatial object
types defined in this specification. A view service may offer several layers of the same type, one for
each dataset that it offers on a specific topic.
Section 0 specifies the default styles to be used for each of these layer types, while section 11.3
specifies other well-defined styles.
The XML fragments in these sections use the following namespace prefixes:
− sld="http://www.opengis.net/sld" (WMS/SLD 1.1)
− se="http://www.opengis.net/se" (SE 1.1)
− ogc="http://www.opengis.net/ogc" (FE 1.1)
11.1Layer Types
Requirement 19 If an INSPIRE view services supports the portrayal of data related to the theme
Cadastral Parcels, it shall provide layers of the types specified in this section.
Table 9: Layer types for the spatial data theme Cadastral Parcels
Layer Name Layer Title Spatial object type(s) Keywords
CP.CadastralParcel Cadastral Parcel CadastralParcel
CP.CadastralZoning Cadastral Zoning CadastralZoning
CP.CadastralBoundary Cadastral Boundary CadastralBoundary
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11.2Default Styles
Requirement 20 If an INSPIRE view network service supports the portrayal of spatial data sets
corresponding to the spatial data theme Cadastral parcels, it shall support the
default styles specified in the tables in this section.
If no user-defined style is specified in a portrayal request for a specific layer to an
INSPIRE view service, the default style specified in this section for that layer shall
be used.
Table 10: Default styles for the spatial data theme Cadastral parcels
Layer Name CP.CadastralParcel
Style Name CP.CadastralParcel.Default
Style Title Cadastral parcel Default Style
Style
Description
Parcel outline as a black line carried by the attribute geometry + text with attribute
label carried by the attribute geometry
Parcel outlines: black (#000000) line 1 pixel
Labels: in Arial 10 black (#000000)
Symbology
<sld:NamedLayer>
<se:Name>CP.CadastralParcel</se:Name>
<sld:UserStyle>
<se:Name>CP.CadastralParcel.Default</se:Name>
<sld:IsDefault>1</sld:IsDefault>
<se:FeatureTypeStyle version="1.1.0">
<se:Description>
<se:Title>Cadastral Parcel Default Style</se:Title>
<se:Abstract> Parcel outline as a black line carried by the
attribute geometry + text with attribute label carried by the attribute
geometry. Parcel outlines: black (#000000) line 1 pixel. Labels: in Arial 10
black (#000000).
</se:Abstract>
</se:Description>
<se:FeatureTypeName>CadastralParcel</se:FeatureTypeName>
<se:Rule>
<se:MinScaleDenominator>1</se:MinScaleDenominator>
<se:MaxScaleDenominator>20000</se:MaxScaleDenominator>
<se:PolygonSymbolizer>
<se:Geometry>
<ogc:PropertyName>geometry</ogc:PropertyName>
</se:Geometry>
<se:Stroke>
<se:SvgParameter name="stroke">#000000</se:SvgParameter>
<se:SvgParameter name="stroke-width">1</se:SvgParameter>
</se:Stroke>
</se:PolygonSymbolizer>
</se:Rule>
<se:Rule>
<se:MinScaleDenominator>1</se:MinScaleDenominator>
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<se:MaxScaleDenominator>20000</se:MaxScaleDenominator>
<se:TextSymbolizer>
<se:Label>
<ogc:PropertyName>label</ogc:PropertyName>
</se:Label>
<se:Font>
<se:SvgParameter name="font-family">Arial</se:SvgParameter>
<se:SvgParameter name="font-size">10</se:SvgParameter>
</se:Font>
<se:Fill>
<se:SvgParameter name="fill">#000000</se:SvgParameter>
</se:Fill>
</se:TextSymbolizer>
</se:Rule>
</se:FeatureTypeStyle>
</sld:UserStyle>
</sld:NamedLayer>
Minimum &
maximum
scales
from 1:1 to 1:20000
Layer Name CP.CadastralZoning
Style Name CP.CadastralZoning.Default
Style Title Cadastral Zoning Default Style
Style
Description
Cadastral zoning outline carried by the attribute geometry+ text with attribute label
carried by the attribute geometry
Cadastral zoning outline : black (#000000) line 2 pixels
Labels: in Arial 20 black (#000000)
Symbology
<sld:NamedLayer>
<se:Name>CP.CadastralZoning</se:Name>
<sld:UserStyle>
<se:Name>CP.CadastralZoning.Default</se:Name>
<sld:IsDefault>1</sld:IsDefault>
<se:FeatureTypeStyle version="1.1.0">
<se:Description>
<se:Title>Cadastral Zoning Default Style</se:Title>
<se:Abstract> Cadastral zoning outline carried by the attribute
geometry+ text with attribute label carried by the attribute geometry.
Cadastral zoning outline : black (#000000) line 2 pixels. Labels: in Arial 20
black (#000000).
</se:Abstract>
</se:Description>
<se:FeatureTypeName>CadastralZoning</se:FeatureTypeName>
<se:Rule>
<se:MinScaleDenominator>1</se:MinScaleDenominator>
<se:MaxScaleDenominator>20000</se:MaxScaleDenominator>
<se:PolygonSymbolizer>
<se:Geometry>
<ogc:PropertyName>geometry</ogc:PropertyName>
</se:Geometry>
<se:Stroke>
<se:SvgParameter name="stroke">#000000</se:SvgParameter>
<se:SvgParameter name="stroke-width">2</se:SvgParameter>
</se:Stroke>
</se:PolygonSymbolizer>
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</se:Rule>
<se:Rule>
<se:MinScaleDenominator>1</se:MinScaleDenominator>
<se:MaxScaleDenominator>20000</se:MaxScaleDenominator>
<se:TextSymbolizer>
<se:Label>
<ogc:PropertyName>label</ogc:PropertyName>
</se:Label>
<se:Font>
<se:SvgParameter name="font-family">Arial</se:SvgParameter>
<se:SvgParameter name="font-size">20</se:SvgParameter>
</se:Font>
<se:Fill>
<se:SvgParameter name="fill">#000000</se:SvgParameter>
</se:Fill>
</se:TextSymbolizer>
</se:Rule>
</se:FeatureTypeStyle>
</sld:UserStyle>
</sld:NamedLayer>
Minimum &
maximum
scales
from 1:1 to 1:20000
Layer Name CP.CadastralBoundary
Style Name CP.CadastralBoundary.Default
Style Title Cadastral Boundary Default Style
Style
Description
Cadastral boundary: black (#000000) line 1 pixel
Symbology
<sld:NamedLayer>
<se:Name>CP.CadastralBoundary</se:Name>
<sld:UserStyle>
<se:Name>CP.CadastralBoundary.Default</se:Name>
<sld:IsDefault>1</sld:IsDefault>
<se:FeatureTypeStyle version="1.1.0">
<se:Description>
<se:Title>Cadastral Boundary Default Style</se:Title>
<se:Abstract> Cadastral boundary: black (#000000) line 1 pixel.
</se:Abstract>
</se:Description>
<se:FeatureTypeName>CadastralBoundary</se:FeatureTypeName>
<se:Rule>
<se:MinScaleDenominator>1</se:MinScaleDenominator>
<se:MaxScaleDenominator>20000</se:MaxScaleDenominator>
<se:LineSymbolizer>
<se:Geometry>
<ogc:PropertyName>geometry</ogc:PropertyName>
</se:Geometry>
<se:Stroke>
<se:SvgParameter name="stroke">#000000</se:SvgParameter>
<se:SvgParameter name="stroke-width">1</se:SvgParameter>
</se:Stroke>
</se:LineSymbolizer>
</se:Rule>
</se:FeatureTypeStyle>
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</sld:UserStyle>
</sld:NamedLayer>
Minimum &
maximum
scales
from 1:1 to 1:20000
NOTE 1 The default styles described in 11.2 are considered as convenient for displaying current
cadastral parcels and related information as background data.
NOTE 2 These default styles can always be overridden by a user-defined symbology, e.g. in order to
use an existing national or thematic style or to avoid conflicts when visualising several themes
together.
EXAMPLE 1:
Default style at scale 1: 5 000
For Cadastral Zoning level 1(municipality), the label is the name of the municipality (“Buxeuil”)
For Cadastral Zoning level 2 (cadastral sheet), the label is the last part of the national cadastral
reference (“ZL”)
For Cadastral Zoning outline, a thick black line.
For Cadastral Parcel, the label is the last part of the national cadastral reference (“26”, “27”, …)
For Cadastral Parcel outline, a thin black line.
11.3Other Well-defined Styles
Requirement 21 If an INSPIRE view service supports the portrayal of spatial data sets
corresponding to the spatial data themes Cadastral parcels, apart from the default
styles specified in Section 0, it shall also support the well-defined styles specified
in this section (if the corresponding feature types are present in the database)..
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Table 11: Other well-defined styles for the spatial data theme Cadastral parcels
Layer Name CP.CadastralParcel
Style Name CP.CadastralParcel.LabelOnReferencePoint
Style Title Cadastral Parcel – with label on reference point
Style
Description
Parcel outline carried by the attribute geometry + text with attribute label carried by
the attribute referencePoint
Parcel outlines: black (#000000) line 1 pixel
Labels: in Arial 10 black (#000000)
Symbology <sld:NamedLayer>
<se:Name>CP.CadastralParcel</se:Name>
<sld:UserStyle>
<se:Name>CP.CadastralParcel.LabelOnReferencePoint</se:Name>
<sld:IsDefault>0</sld:IsDefault>
<se:FeatureTypeStyle version="1.1.0">
<se:Description>
<se:Title>Cadastral Parcel - with label on reference
point</se:Title>
<se:Abstract> Parcel outline carried by the attribute geometry +
text with attribute label carried by the attribute referencePoint. Parcel
outlines: black (#000000) line 1 pixel. Labels: in Arial 10 black (#000000).
</se:Abstract>
</se:Description>
<se:FeatureTypeName>CadastralParcel</se:FeatureTypeName>
<se:Rule>
<se:MinScaleDenominator>1</se:MinScaleDenominator>
<se:MaxScaleDenominator>20000</se:MaxScaleDenominator>
<se:PolygonSymbolizer>
<se:Geometry>
<ogc:PropertyName>geometry</ogc:PropertyName>
</se:Geometry>
<se:Stroke>
<se:SvgParameter name="stroke">#000000</se:SvgParameter>
<se:SvgParameter name="stroke-width">1</se:SvgParameter>
</se:Stroke>
</se:PolygonSymbolizer>
</se:Rule>
<se:Rule>
<se:MinScaleDenominator>1</se:MinScaleDenominator>
<se:MaxScaleDenominator>20000</se:MaxScaleDenominator>
<se:TextSymbolizer>
<se:Geometry>
<ogc:PropertyName>referencePoint</ogc:PropertyName>
</se:Geometry>
<se:Label>
<ogc:PropertyName>label</ogc:PropertyName>
</se:Label>
<se:Font>
<se:SvgParameter name="font-family">Arial</se:SvgParameter>
<se:SvgParameter name="font-size">10</se:SvgParameter>
</se:Font>
<se:Fill>
<se:SvgParameter name="fill">#000000</se:SvgParameter>
</se:Fill>
</se:TextSymbolizer>
</se:Rule>
</se:FeatureTypeStyle>
</sld:UserStyle>
</sld:NamedLayer>
Minimum &
maximum
scales
from 1:1 to 1:20 000
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EXAMPLE 2:
Default-style (label on geometry) at scale 1: 500
Overlapping labels for parcels with complicate
shapes: impossible to read them
Well-defined style (label on reference point) at
scale 1: 500
Labels can be read even for parcels with
complicate shapes (parcels 1101 and 1527)
Layer Name CP.CadastralParcel
Style Name CP.CadastralParcel.BoundariesOnly
Style Title Cadastral Parcel – Boundaries Only
Style
Description
Parcel outline carried by the attribute geometry
Parcel outlines: black (#000000) line 1 pixel
Symbology <sld:NamedLayer>
<se:Name>CP.CadastralParcel</se:Name>
<sld:UserStyle>
<se:Name>CP.CadastralParcel.OutlinesOnly</se:Name>
<sld:IsDefault>0</sld:IsDefault>
<se:FeatureTypeStyle version="1.1.0">
<se:Description>
<se:Title>Cadastral Parcel - outlines only</se:Title>
<se:Abstract> Parcel outline carried by the attribute geometry.
Parcel outlines: black (#000000) line 1 pixel.
</se:Abstract>
</se:Description>
<se:FeatureTypeName>CadastralParcel</se:FeatureTypeName>
<se:Rule>
<se:MinScaleDenominator>1</se:MinScaleDenominator>
<se:MaxScaleDenominator>40000</se:MaxScaleDenominator>
<se:PolygonSymbolizer>
<se:Geometry>
<ogc:PropertyName>geometry</ogc:PropertyName>
</se:Geometry>
<se:Stroke>
<se:SvgParameter name="stroke">#000000</se:SvgParameter>
<se:SvgParameter name="stroke-width">1</se:SvgParameter>
</se:Stroke>
</se:PolygonSymbolizer>
</se:Rule>
</se:FeatureTypeStyle>
</sld:UserStyle>
</sld:NamedLayer>
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Minimum &
maximum
scales
from 1:1 to 1:40 000
EXAMPLE 3:
Well-defined style (boundaries only) for Cadastral Parcels
Default style (label on geometry) for Cadastral Zonings
Scale: 1: 20 000
Layer Name CP.CadastralParcel
Style Name CP.CadastralParcel.ReferencePointOnly
Style Title Cadastral Parcel – Reference Point Only
Style
Description
Parcel representation carried by the attribute referencePoint
Parcel point : diamond magenta (#FF00FF) 2 pixels
Symbology <sld:NamedLayer>
<se:Name>CP.CadastralParcel</se:Name>
<sld:UserStyle>
<se:Name>CP.CadastralParcel.ReferencePointOnly</se:Name>
<sld:IsDefault>0</sld:IsDefault>
<se:FeatureTypeStyle version="1.1.0">
<se:Description>
<se:Title>Cadastral Parcel - reference point only</se:Title>
<se:Abstract> Parcel representation carried by the attribute
referencePoint. Parcel point : circle size 10 magenta (#FF00FF) 2 pixels.
</se:Abstract>
</se:Description>
<se:FeatureTypeName>CadastralParcel</se:FeatureTypeName>
<se:Rule>
<se:MinScaleDenominator>1</se:MinScaleDenominator>
<se:MaxScaleDenominator>60000</se:MaxScaleDenominator>
<se:PointSymbolizer>
<se:Geometry>
<ogc:PropertyName>referencePoint</ogc:PropertyName>
</se:Geometry>
<se:Graphic>
<se:Mark>
<se:WellKnownName>circle</se:WellKnownName>
<se:Stroke>
<se:SvgParameter name="stroke">#FF00FF</se:SvgParameter>
<se:SvgParameter name="stroke-width">2</se:SvgParameter>
</se:Stroke>
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</se:Mark>
<se:Size>
<se:SvgParameter name="size">10</se:SvgParameter>
</se:Size>
</se:Graphic>
</se:PointSymbolizer>
</se:Rule>
</se:FeatureTypeStyle>
</sld:UserStyle>
</sld:NamedLayer>
Minimum &
maximum
scales
from 1:1 to 1:60 000
EXAMPLE 4:
Well-defined style (reference point only) for Cadastral Parcels
Default style (label on geometry) for Cadastral Zonings
Scale: 1: 40 000
NOTE 3 Other well-defined styles will probably be required in future for more elaborate but very likely
use of cadastral data, e.g.:
- style for cadastral parcels displayed on a coloured screen or with an orthophoto as
background (need in this case of lighter/brighter colours such as white for parcel outline).
- style for making distinction between current and historical parcels (if both available and
required by users)
11.4 Layers organization
None
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[ISO 19103] ISO/TS 19103:2005, Geographic information – Conceptual schema language
[ISO 19107] EN ISO 19107:2005, Geographic information – Spatial schema (ISO 19107:2003)
[ISO 19108] EN ISO 19108:2005 Geographic information - Temporal schema (ISO 19108:2002)
[ISO 19111] EN ISO 19111:2007 Geographic information - Spatial referencing by coordinates (ISO
19111:2007)
[ISO 19115] EN ISO 19115:2005, Geographic information – Metadata (ISO 19115:2003)
[ISO 19118] EN ISO 19118:2006, Geographic information – Encoding (ISO 19118:2005)
[ISO 19135] EN ISO 19135:2007 Geographic information – Procedures for item registration (ISO
19135:2005)
[ISO 19139] ISO/TS 19139:2007, Geographic information – Metadata – XML schema
implementation
[OGC 06-103r3] Implementation Specification for Geographic Information - Simple feature access –
Part 1: Common Architecture v1.2.0
UNECE, 2004, Guidelines on Real Property Units and Identifiers, United Nations, New York and
Geneva, 2004
WG-CPI, 2006, Role of the cadastral parcel in INSPIRE and national SDIs with impacts on cadastre
and land registry operations. Joint Working Group of EuroGeographics and the PCC
(WG-CPI), Inventory document.
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Annex A
(normative)
Abstract Test Suite
Any dataset conforming to this INSPIRE data specification shall meet all requirements specified in this
document.
NOTE A common abstract test suite including detailed instructions on how to test each requirement
will be added at a later stage.
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Annex B
(informative)
Correspondence between INSPIRE and national levels for
CadastralZonings
Denmark
National level (levelName)
INSPIRE level English term National term
Level 1 Cadastral district Ejerlav
Finland
No CadastralZoning in Finland
France:
National level (levelName)
INSPIRE level English term National term
Level 1 municipality commune
Level 2 cadastral sheet division cadastrale
The netherlands
No explicit CadastralZoning in the netherlands,
Norway
No CadastralZoning in Norway.
Spain
National level (levelName)
INSPIRE level English term National term
Level 1 municipality municipio
Level 2 (urban areas) block manzana
Level 2 (rural areas) polygon poligono
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United Kingdom
No CadastralZoning in United Kingdom
Switzerland
National level (levelName)
INSPIRE level English term National term
Level 1 Numbering range Nummerierungsbereich
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TWG-CP INSPIRE Data Specification on Cadastral parcels 2010-04-26 Page 54
Annex C
(informative)
Land Administration Domain Model (ISO19152)
In this annex, the current version of Land Administration Domain Model (LADM) is explained. In
Section 1, the scope and purpose are described. Then Section 2 describes the current status of the
LADM and finally Section 3 describes the relationship with INSPIRE.
What LADM is about?
The Land Administration Domain Model (LADM) aims to support ‘an extensible basis for efficient and
effective cadastral system development based on a Model Driven Architecture (MDA)’ and to ‘enable
involved parties, both within one country and between different countries, to communicate based on
the shared ontology implied by the model’. The LADM aims are equally valid for both developed and
developing countries. The latter however explains the strong interest and support of UN Habitat and
the development of a specialized model called the Social Tenure Domain Model, STDM (Lemmen at
al., 2007). The scope of LADM includes the following:
− it defines a reference model, covering all basic information-related components of Land
Administration,
− it provides a abstract, conceptual schema with five basic packages, related to (1) people and
organizations (parties in LADM terminology), (2) parcels (spatial units in LADM terminology), (3)
property rights (rights, responsibilities, and restrictions in LADM terminology), (4) surveying, and
(5) geometry and topology,
− a terminology for Land Administration, based on various national and international systems, as
simple as possible in order to be useful in practice. The terminology allows a shared description
of different practices and procedures in various jurisdictions,
− a basis for national and regional profiles, and:
− it enables the combining of land administration information from different sources in a coherent
manner.
LADM should be able to accommodate any legal framework. However, legal implications that interfere
with (national) land administration laws are outside the scope of the LADM. It supports the reform of
existing Land Administration systems at National or other jurisdictional level (e.g. Provincial, like in
Canada) through provision of normative and informative annexes which include a number of spatial
and legal profiles. These profiles represent specific information arrangements fitting within LADM,
offering a variety of modes to organize the geometry and topology of Land Administration spatial units
(e.g. text or point based, 2D unstructured, 2D partition, 3D full partition) or the Legal component
(formal real rights, restrictions and responsibilities, including both the private and public originated
laws and regulations). The profiles intermediate between the highly generic and widely applicable
nature of LADM and the specification of an individual National Land Administration Model, having its
own set of classes, obtained from the LADM generic and abstract classes through a mix of profiling
and specialization. The ultimate goal of these annexes is thus the support for the implementation of
specialized models in existing spatial databases, mainly built around the Object-Relational or the
Object-Oriented paradigms. The provision of such a supporting framework is also fundamental in
securing a level of interoperability and semantic translation, once different national specialized models
are linked through the common ontology provided by LADM.
What is the status of LADM?
The work on the LADM started within FIG at the congress in Washington, 2002. The first mature
version 1.0 was presented at the next FIG congress, in Munich 2006 and the last published changes
were in version 1.1 as presented at the FIG Working Week 2009, in Eilat (Lemmen et al., 2009). In
February 2008, FIG submitted the LADM to the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
The development of the Land Administration Domain Model (ISO 19152) is as follows:
- New Working Item Proposal (NWIP): was in February 2008
- Working Draft (WD): discussions were in Copenhagen, Delft and Tsukuba
- Committee Draft (CD): discussion in Molde and text available since June 2009
- Draft International Standard (DIS): December 2009
- Final Draft International Standard (FDIS): December 2010
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TWG-CP INSPIRE Data Specification on Cadastral parcels 2010-04-26 Page 55
- International Standard (IS): June 2011
There is a close cooperation between ISO/TC211 and (European) CEN/TC287 Geographic
Information. Via resolutions adopted by both organizations, it is now first explained how this
cooperation is implemented. On 26 February 2009, in the Madrid meeting of CEN/TC287 after voting
on the ‘ISO19152 Draft Resolution 153 New Work Item Proposal Geographic Information - Land
Administration Domain Model (LADM) - second vote’ (CEN document number N 1304) it was decided
to accept also the LADM within CEN TC287. Based on the above resolutions this means that from this
moment onwards there will be parallel and simultaneous votings in the ISO and in the CEN on the
different stages of the LADM towards an international standard. The implication of a CEN standard
(statement of the CEN/TC 287 secretary Annet van der Horn-de Vries) is that this European standard
is automatically also a national standard in all 30 CEN countries. The exact status and impact of this is
depending on the legislation of the individual countries. By default a standard is voluntary, with private
law regulating this. In some countries it is a matter of public law and then often government bodies are
obliged to use the CEN standard on a case by case basis. In many countries the CEN standards are
translated into the national language.
Link with INSPIRE
The INSPIRE Directive requires to take existing standards into account (article 7 of the directive).
Once adopted, the ISO/CEN 19152 standard should be taken into account if there are requirements
and consensus to extend Data Specification for Cadastral Parcels. In case of ISO/CEN LADM, there
was an excellent opportunity as both INSPIRE CP and ISO/CEN LADM where under development at
the same time. Through joint work between the INSPIRE TWG CP and the LADM Project Team this
has been achieved. This ensured consistency between INSPIRE and LADM and resulted in a
matching of concepts and compatible definitions of common concepts. Of course it must be
remembered that there are differences in scope and targeted application areas; e.g. INSPIRE has
strong focus on environmental users, while LADM has a multi-purpose character (also supporting legal
security, taxation, valuation, planning, etc.) and LADM is supporting both data producers and data
users in these various application areas. Also, LADM has harmonization solutions for rights and
owners of 3D cadastral objects (such as building or network reserves), which are currently also
outside the scope of INSPIRE CP. However, trough the intensive cooperation, it is now made possible
that a European country may be compliant both with INSPIRE and with LADM. Further, it is made
possible through the use of LADM to extend INSPIRE specifications in future, if there are
requirements and consensus to do so.
In order to ‘proof’ the compatibility, the ISO19152 document (in Annex G) includes a LADM-based
version of INSPIRE cadastral parcels, showing that the INSPIRE development fits within the LADM
and that there are not inconsistencies. Figure C.1 shows how the INSPIRE cadastral parcels model
can be derived from the LADM. In INSPIRE context four classes are relevant:
− LA_Parcel as basis for CadastralParcel,
− LA_LAUnit as basis for BasicPropertyUnit,
− LA_FaceString as basis for CadastralBoundary,
− LA_SpatialUnitSet as basis for CadastralZoning.
The LADM attributes inherited by INSPIRE can have a more specific data type or cardinality in
INSPIRE (compared to LADM). This has been included in the diagram. This implies that an optional
LADM attribute [0..1], might not occur at all in INSPIRE as the cardinality can be set to 0; e.g.
nationalVolume. This also implies that an optional LADM attribute [0..1], might be an obligatory
attribute in INSPIRE; e.g. label. Further, INSPIRE specific attributes are added to the different classes.
The Figure C.1 looks a bit more complicated as the normal INSPIRE CP UML class diagram, because
it is showing the different LADM parent classes and the refinement of the different attribute types (but
the resulting model is the same).
References (The content of this section is largely based on)
− ISO TC ISO/CD 19152 (2009). Geographic information — Land Administration Domain Model
(LADM), 10 July 2009.
− Lemmen, C., Augustinus, C., van Oosterom, P. & van der Molen, P. (2007). The Social Tenure
Domain Model - Design of a First Draft Model. In: Proceedings FIG Working Week 2007, May,
Hong Kong, 23 p.
− Lemmen, C., van Oosterom, P., Uitermark, H., Thompson, R. & Hespanha, J. (2009).
Transforming the Land Administration Domain Model (LADM) into an ISO standard (ISO19152).
In: Proceedings FIG Working Week 2009, Eilat, Israel, 3-8 May 2009.
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TWG-CP INSPIRE Data Specification on Cadastral parcels 2010-04-26 Page 56
class inspire cadparcels basedonladm- pure
LA_SpatialUnitSet
«FeatureType»
CadastralZoning
+ geometry: GM_MultiSurface
+ inspireId: Identifier [0..1]
+ label: CharacterString
+ nationalCadastralZoningReference: CharacterString
+ estimatedAccuracy: Length [0..1]
+ level: CadastralZoningLevel
+ levelName: LocalisedCharacterString [1..*]
+ name: GeographicalName [0..*]
+ originalMapScaleDenominator: Integer [0..1]
+ validFrom: DateTime [0..1]
+ validTo: DateTime [0..1]
+ quality: DQ_Element [0]
+ source: CI_ResponsibleParty [0]
::LA_SpatialUnitSet
+ nationalCadastralZoningReference: Oid
+ level: Integer
+ label: CharacterString [0..1]
+ name: CharacterString [0..1]
+ referencePoint: GM_Point [0..1]
::VersionedObject
+ beginLifespanVersion: DateTime
+ endLifespanVersion: DateTime [0..1]
+ quality: DQ_Element [0..*]
+ source: CI_ResponsibleParty [0..*]
LA_FaceString
«FeatureType»
CadastralBoundary
+ geometry: GM_Curve
+ inspireId: Identifier [0..1]
+ validFrom: DateTime [0..1]
+ validTo: DateTime [0..1]
+ fsID: Oid [0]
+ locationByText: CharacterString [0]
+ quality: DQ_Element [0]
+ source: CI_Rep\sponsibleParty [0]
::LA_FaceString
+ fsID: Oid [0..1]
+/ geometry: GM_MultiCurve [0..1]
+ locationByText: CharacterString [0..1]
+/ estimatedAccuracy: Length [0..1]
::VersionedObject
+ beginLifespanVersion: DateTime
+ endLifespanVersion: DateTime [0..1]
+ quality: DQ_Element [0..*]
+ source: CI_ResponsibleParty [0..*]
LA_Parcel
«FeatureType»
CadastralParcel
+ geometry: GM_Object
+ inspireId: Identifier
+ label: CharacterString
+ nationalCadastralReference: CharacterString
+ areaValue: Area [0..1]
+ validFrom: DateTime [0..1]
+ validTo: DateTime [0..1]
+ dimension: LA_DimensionType [0]
+ area: LA_AreaValue [0]
+ volume: LA_VolumeValue [0]
+ address: ExtAddress[0]
+ quality: DQ_Element [0]
+ source: CI_ResponsibleParty [0]
::LA_SpatialUnit
+ nationalCadastralReference: Oid
+ label: CharacterString [0..1]
+ referencePoint: GM_Point [0..1]
+ dimension: LA_DimensionType [0..1]
+ area: LA_AreaValue [0..*]
+ volume: LA_VolumeValue [0..*]
+ address: ExtAddress[0..*]
::VersionedObject
+ beginLifespanVersion: DateTime
+ endLifespanVersion: DateTime [0..1]
+ quality: DQ_Element [0..*]
+ source: CI_ResponsibleParty [0..*]
Note:
The LADM attributesinherited by INSPIRE can have a more specific
data type or cardinality in INSPIRE (compared to LADM). Thishasbeen
included in the diagram. Thisimpliesthat an optional LADM attribute
[0..1], might not occur at all in INSPIRE asthe cardinality can be set to
0; e.g. volume in CadastralParcel. Thisalso impliesthat an optional
LADM attribute [0..1], might be an obligatory attribute in INSPIRE; e.g.
label in CadastralZoning.
«CodeList»
CadastralZoningLevel
+ 1st-order
+ 2nd-order
+ 3rd-order
LA_LAUnit
«FeatureType»
BasicPropertyUnit
+ inspireId: Identifier
+ nationalCadastralReference: CharacterString
+ areaValue: Area [0..1]
+ validFrom: DateTime
+ validTo: DateTime [0..1]
+ name: CharacterString [0]
+ quality: DQ_Element [0]
+ source: CI_ResponsibleParty [0]
::LA_LAUnit
+ nationalCadastralReference: Oid
+ name: CharacterString [0..1]
::VersionedObject
+ beginLifespanVersion: DateTime
+ endLifespanVersion: DateTime [0..1]
+ quality: DQ_Element [0..*]
+ source: CI_ResponsibleParty [0..*]
0..*
/derived
LADM
0..1
0..* /derived LADM
0..1
1..2/derived LADM
0..*
0..*
/derived LADM
0..*
Figure C-1 The INSPIRE cadastral parcel model derived from ISO LADM via inheritance.
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Annex D
(informative)
Lineage template and examples
Annex D is composed of two parts:
- a template for lineage to be used by cadastral data providers
- examples supplied by some countries.
The lineage information should complement the INSPIRE data specification of Cadastral Parcels in
the documentation of an INSPIRE compliant cadastral data set. The lineage information should, more
especially, explains all the specificities of national cadastral data, even once data have been
harmonised for INSPIRE.
This template for lineage is a tool provided to help data producers to supply the lineage information; it
may be adapted, if necessary.
The lineage information supplied by some countries as examples is just an exercise done by these
countries to illustrate how the template for lineage may/should be filled.
These examples are not binding. It is very likely that the information contained in these examples will
evolve when the corresponding data producers will make their data INSPIRE compliant and supply
them, through the INSPIRE services.
Note also that these examples may be not quite exhaustive as some information is impossible or at
least very difficult to provide before the transformation into INSPIRE specifications has been carried
out.
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Lineage template for cadastral parcels
Country: Country name
Data provider: Data provider name or acronym
Date: date of filling
Population of spatial objects, attributes and associations
In the column “Obligation”indicate if the provision of the spatial object is mandatory (M) or it can be left
void (V)
In the column “Populated”, tick (X) the populated elements.
In the column “Comment”, put any information you consider as useful or as specific to your data and
related to the corresponding spatial object, attribute or association.
INSPIRE element Obligation Populated Comment
CadastralParcel
geometry M
inspireId M
nationalCadastralReference M
label M
referencePoint V
areaValue V
validFrom V
validTo V
beginLifespanVersion V
endLifespanVersion V
association to cadastral zoning V
association to basic property unit V
association to administrative unit V
CadastralZoning
geometry M
inspireId M
nationalCadastralZoningReference M
label M
referencePoint V
level V
levelName V
beginLifespanVersion V
endLifespanVersion V
name V
estimatedAccuracy V
originalMapScaleDenominator V
validFrom V
validTo V
association to cadastral zoning upper level V
CadastralBoundary
geometry M
inspireId M
estimatedAccuracy V
validFrom V
validTo V
beginLifespanVersion V
endLifespanVersion V
association to cadastral parcel V
BasicPropertyUnit
inspireId M
nationalCadastralReference M
beginLifespanVersion V
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endLifespanVersion V
areaValue V
validFrom V
validTo V
association to administrative unit V
M: mandatory
V: voidable
Selection criteria:
Cadastral parcels
Explain which parcels are published for INSPIRE (e.g. which rights are considered) and which are not.
Cadastral zoning (if any)
Explain which cadastral zonings are published for INSPIRE and which are not.
Cadastral boundaries (if any)
Explain which cadastral boundaries are published for INSPIRE and which are not.
Basic property units (if any)
Explain which basic property units are published for INSPIRE and which are not.
Geographic coverage
Cadastral gaps
Explain if there are cadastral gaps and, if yes, in which cases.
Cadastral overlaps
Explain if there are cadastral overlaps and, if yes, in which cases
Avaibility of data
Ideally a map (or a link to a map on Internet) showing where cadastral data, compliant with INSPIRE is
available + explanations about the empty areas (not yet surveyed or not yet compliant with INSPIRE)
Structure of cadastral information
Explain the structure of cadastral information, e.g. the structure of the national cadastral reference and
the different levels of cadastral zonings, if any.
Temporal aspects
Historic data
Explain if cadastral database published for INSPIRE contains only current version or also historic
features. If it is the case, explain which (e.g. from when?)
If necessary, give more detailed explanations about temporal attributes.
Life-cycle rules (for parcels):
Give the life-cycle rules of cadastral parcels (i.e. in which cases the national cadastral reference
changes, in which cases a new version of cadastral parcel is created and in which cases the national
cadastral reference and the life-cycle remain the same).
This information may be provided, using the following table (table A for countries using only parcels
and table B for countries using also basic property units).
This template provides the general structure for describing lineage information, please adapt where
necessary for an appropriate representation of your situation
Please mark (‘X’) the consequence on the parcel identification after each specified maintenance
activity
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Table A
New spatial
object (new
national
cadastral
reference)
New
recorded
version
No
change in
lifecycle
attributes
Archive
old parcel
Remove
parcel
record
from
registry
Comment
INDIVIDUAL PARCEL
all parcel boundaries resurveyed
part of the perimeter resurveyed (full
length of a boundary)
part of the perimeter resurveyed (only
part of a boundary)
non geometry attributes updated
correction of registration errors
SEVERAL PARCELS
shared boundary resurveyed
parcel subdivision
parcel merging
land consolidation/land distribution
CADASTRAL ZONING
upgrade, new survey in the cadastral
zoning
upgrade, data processing in the
cadastral zoning (e.g. coordinate
transformations)
cadastral zoning modification (change
in cadastral reference)
If necessary, you may add other cases and/or give more detailed explanations or illustrations (see Spanish example)
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Table B.
New identifier New
recorded
version
No change in lifecycle
attributes
Archive
old
geometry
Remove
record
from
registry
Comment
national
cadastral
reference
inspireId for
parcel
of basic
property
unit
of parcel
BASIC PROPERTY UNIT
all boundaries of parcel(s) resurveyed
part of the perimeter of parcel(s)
resurveyed
non geometry attributes updated
correction of registration errors
parcelling out
division
merging
land consolidation/land distribution
CADASTRAL ZONING
upgrade, new survey in the cadastral
zoning
upgrade, data processing in the
cadastral zoning (e.g. coordinate
transformations)
cadastral zoning modification (change
in cadastral reference)
If necessary, you may add other cases and/or give more detailed explanations or illustrations (see Spanish example)
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Quality
Topological gaps
Explain if there are topological gaps and in which cases.
Topological overlaps
Explain if there are topological overlaps and in which cases.
Edge-matching
Explain if and how edge-matching with neighbour cadastral data sets has been done.
Positional accuracy
In case accuracy has not been provided neither as attribute (on cadastral zoning or on cadastral
boundaries) nor as metadata element, you may provide information about the value of absolute
positional accuracy for your cadastral data (e.g. in country X, positional accuracy varies from 1 m to 10
m).
If accuracy is provided as attribute or as metadata element, you may explain more in detail:
− at which level (data set, cadastral zoning, cadastral boundary)
− how it has been estimated or measured.
Any other useful information related to quality
Delivery
Explain shortly the technical conditions for delivery of data (e.g. which formats are available, what are
the pre-defined data sets, if any, through which medium data can be made available).
Overview of production method
Explain (shortly) what is the data source (e.g. from which register or from which producer the data
comes from), how cadastral data has been initially produced and how it has been transformed for
INSPIRE.
Focus on the last step (transformation for INSPIRE), explain which transformations and which tests
have been performed.
Any other useful information
Add in this paragraph any other information you consider helpful for users (and not already included in
the INSPIRE specification or in previous paragraphs of this template).
Possible example: list of available projections for cadastral data, through transformation services.
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England-Wales
Lineage for cadastral parcels
Country: England-Wales
Data provider: Land registry
Date: June 2009
Population of spatial objects, attributes and associations
INSPIRE element Obligation Populated Comment
CadastralParcel M X
geometry M X
inspireId M X
nationalCadastralReference M X
label M X
referencePoint V
areaValue V Unable to provide
an area value that
has any meaning
validFrom V
validTo V
beginLifespanVersion V X
endLifespanVersion V We hold no history
at the cadastral
parcel level and so
have no end date
for an object.
association with CadastralZoning V
association with BasicPropertyUnit V
association with AdministrativeUnit V
CadastralZoning V Not applicable to
England and Wales
geometry M
inspireId V
nationalCadastralZoningReference M
label M
referencePoint V
level V
levelName V
beginLifespanVersion V
endLifespanVersion V
name V
estimatedAccuracy V
originalMapScaleDenominator V
validFrom V
validTo V
association with CadastralZoning upper
level
V
CadastralBoundary V Not applicable to
England and Wales
geometry M
inspireId V
estimaredAccuracy V
validFrom V
validTo V
beginLifespanVersion V
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endLifespanVersion V
Association with cadastral parcels V
BasicPropertyUnit V Not applicable to
England and Wales
inspireId M
nationalCadastralReference M
beginLifespanVersion V
endLifespanVersion V
areaValue V
validFrom V
validTo V
association with administrative units V
Selection criteria:
Cadastral parcels
England and Wales will supply Index Polygons (as cadastral parcels) relating to all Title Registrations
under INSPIRE. That is, all registrations of interest in Land and Property whether they be freehold,
leasehold or commonhold.
Registrations are classified as:
Legal Estates:
− Legal estates in land
− Rentcharge
− Franchise
− Profit a Prendre
Or Legal Interest:
− Caution (against first registrations)
The Cadastral Parcel dataset relates to all Legal Estates
Cadastral zoning (if any)
There are no cadastral zonings applicable for cadastral parcels in England and Wales
Cadastral boundaries (if any)
Cadastral boundaries do not exist for registrations in England and Wales
Basic Property units (if any)
Basic property units do not exist for England and Wales.
Geographic coverage
Cadastral gaps
In England and Wales certain types of land/property ownership need not be registered (e.g. rivers,
however we are able to register all land and property above the mean low water (i.e. not in the sea
e.g. sea based wind farms) with sufficient evidence of title.
Cadastral overlaps
Cadastral overlaps are a valid part of the data model for England and Wales, e.g. if different titles
apply on same part of land.
Availability of data
To be done later.
Structure of cadastral information
To be done later.
Temporal aspects
Historic data
The cadastral data is the current view of registered titles with no historical registrations.
Life-cycle rules (for parcels):
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Table A
New spatial
object (new
national
cadastral
reference)
New
recorded
version
No
change in
lifecycle
attributes
Archive
old parcel
Remove
parcel
record
from
registry
Comment
INDIVIDUAL PARCEL England and Wales have a slightly
different approach as the parcel does
not represent a part of the surface of
the earth, it represents the indicative
extent of a title registration.
Parcel created x New spatial object created at time of
registration
Parcel updated (parcel boundary
change but still represents same
registration)
x A change to the parcel boundary
which does not represent a significant
change to the registered extent.
Parcel retired x Where registered polygons are
closed.
SEVERAL PARCELS
Parcel merged x Where registered polygons within a
title are combined to form one larger
polygon.
Parcel split x Where registered polygons within a
title are separated to form smaller
polygons.
INSPIRE Reference: INSPIRE_DataSpecification_CP.doc1.pdf
TWG-CP INSPIRE Data Specification on Cadastral parcels 2010-04-26 Page 65
Quality
Topological gaps
No topological gaps.
Topological overlaps
No topological overlaps (e.g. there should be no duplicated polygons within the dataset).
Edge-matching
Not applicable.
Positional accuracy
Cadastral Parcel extents are defined by the Title registration document and captured relative to
Ordnance Survey large scale mapping (LandLine / MasterMap). The OS large scale mapping is scaled
at 1:1,250 in urban areas, 1:2,500 in semi-rural and 1:10,000 in rural locations.
The polygon extent is captured to ‘general boundaries’, which means that the exact line of the legal
boundary (legal extent of ownership) in relation to the physical boundary (mapped depiction of
registered extent) has not been determined.
Delivery
To be defined later.
Overview of production method
To be defined later.
INSPIRE Reference: INSPIRE_DataSpecification_CP.doc1.pdf
TWG-CP INSPIRE Data Specification on Cadastral parcels 2010-04-26 Page 66
Finland
Lineage for cadastral parcels
Country: Finland
Data provider: NLS
Date: 30.06.2009, draft 2
Population of spatial objects, attributes and associations.
INSPIRE element Obligation Populated Comment
CadastralParcel M x
geometry M x Single area
inspireId M x Not populated now. To be decided later.
nationalCadastralReference M x e.g. “42940300120022”
label M x e.g. “429-403-12-22”
referencePoint V x
areaValue V - Area is registered only for BPU
validFrom V - Valid dates are registered only for BPU
validTo V beginLifespanVersion
V x Date of insert or update to the database
endLifespanVersion V - Retired parcels will be not delivered to
INSPIRE as they have no area.
association to cadastral zoning V association
to basic property unit V x
association to administrative unit V - Association is registered only for BPU
CadastralZoning V geometry
M
inspireId V
nationalCadastralZoningReferenc
e
M
label M
referencePoint V
level V
levelName V
beginLifespanVersion V
endLifespanVersion V
name V
estimatedAccuracy V
originalMapScaleDenominator V
validFrom V
validTo V
association to CadastralZoning
upper level
V
CadastralBoundary V geometry
V
inspireId V
estimaredAccuracy V
validFrom V
validTo V
beginLifespanVersion V
endLifespanVersion V
association with cadastral parcels V
BasicPropertyUnit V x
inspireId M x
nationalCadastralReference M x e.g. “42940300120022”
beginLifespanVersion V - Not in database, always unknown
INSPIRE Reference: INSPIRE_DataSpecification_CP.doc1.pdf
TWG-CP INSPIRE Data Specification on Cadastral parcels 2010-04-26 Page 67
endLifespanVersion V - Not in database, always unknown
areaValue V x Total area (land and water) of basic
property unit
validFrom V x Date of registration, may be missing
exceptionally (old data)
validTo V x Date of ceasing, may be missing
exceptionally (old data), these BPUs will
be not delivered to INSPIRE
association to administrative units V x Municipality
Selection criteria:
Cadastral parcels
All parcels except those which should be renovated in the cadastral database will be published for
INSPIRE.
Cadastral zoning (if any)
There are no such kind of cadastral zonings in Finland which are inside the scope of INSPIRE.
Cadastral boundaries (if any)
Cadastral boundaries do not have the information of estimated accuracy in Finland. Therefore
cadastral boundaries are not published for INPIRE.
Basic Property units (if any)
All valid and officially registered basic property units which are in the scope of INSPIRE will be
published for INSPIRE.
Geographic coverage
Cadastral gaps
No. All land and water areas should be covered by parcels in register.
Cadastral overlaps
No.
Availability of data
All country except the topological gaps.
Structure of cadastral information
Cadastral data is structured by municipalities.
The national cadastral reference is structured as such:
municipality number (3d)
− cadastral division number (3d)
− group number (4d)
− sequence number (Ad)
Temporal aspects
Historic data
The data published for INSPIRE contains only valid data.
Ceased basic property units are officially in cadastral register and can be published (if queried) without
associations for INSPIRE.
History of life-cycle of basic property units (both valid and ceased) is registered and available in the
national cadastral register. History of spatial data does not exist but the view of register in certain date
is available (boundaries, labels) from the national cadastral register.
Life-cycle rules (for parcels):
In Finland life-cycle rules are for basic property units.
INSPIRE Reference: INSPIRE_DataSpecification_CP.doc1.pdf
TWG-CP INSPIRE Data Specification on Cadastral parcels 2010-04-26 Page 68
Table B. How the national maintenance activities effects to information published for INSPIRE.
New identifier New
recorded
version
No change in lifecycle
attributes
Archive
old
geometry
Remove
record from
registry
Comment
national
cadastral
reference
inspireId
for parcel
of basic
property
unit
of parcel
BASIC PROPERTY UNIT
all boundaries of parcel(s) resurveyed No Maybe - - Maybe No No
part of the perimeter of parcel(s)
resurveyed
No Maybe - - Maybe No No
non geometry attributes updated No Maybe not - - Yes No No
correction of registration errors Maybe Maybe - - Maybe No Maybe
parcelling out New yes
and old
maybe
New parcel
usually
yes, old
parcels
maybe
- - Yes and
no
No No New basic property units are given
new id, changed basic property unit
usually preserves old id.
division Yes Maybe - - Maybe No No
merging Usually yes Maybe - - Maybe No No
land consolidation/land distribution Usually no Maybe - - Maybe No No
consolidation of municipalities Yes Maybe - - Maybe No No National cadastral references
include nowadays municipality
code. If code is changed (new for
all municipalities or one old for all)
those national cadastral references
are also changed.
INSPIRE Reference: INSPIRE_DataSpecification_CP_v3.0.1.pdf
TWG-CP INSPIRE Data Specification on Cadastral parcels 2010-04-26 Page 69
Quality
Topological gaps
Yes. There are some areas that should be renovated (valid parcels with valid associations to valid
basic property units are missing now).
Topological overlaps
No. All cadastral data is maintained in one database and the maintenance application takes care of
that there should be no topological overlaps exist.
Edge-matching
All cadastral data is maintained in one database and parcels are made of boundaries which are
common to both neighbouring parcels.
Edge-matching with neighbour countries not yet considered.
Positional accuracy
To be done later.
Delivery
On-line connection with INSPIRE CP xml/gml -format. To be decided later.
Overview of production method
To be done later.
Any other useful information
All date information is recorded in date level and does not include timestamp.
Associations for ceased objects are not delivered.
INSPIRE Reference: INSPIRE_DataSpecification_CP_v3.0.1.pdf
TWG-CP INSPIRE Data Specification on Cadastral parcels 2010-04-26 Page 70
France
Lineage for cadastral parcels
Country: France
Data provider: National Geographic Institute (IGN)
Date: June 2009
Population of spatial objects, attributes and associations
INSPIRE element Obligation Populated Comment
CadastralParcel M X
geometry M X 2D data
inspireId M X
nationalCadastralReference M X
label M X
referencePoint V X
areaValue V
validFrom V
validTo V
beginlifespanVersion V
endlifespanVersion V
association to CadastralZoning V X
association to BasicPropertyUnit V
association to AdministrativeUnit V X
CadastralZoning V X
geometry M X 2D data
inspireId V X
nationalCadastralZoningReference M X
label M X
referencePoint V
level V X
levelName V X
beginlifespanVersion V X
endlifespanVersion V
name V X
estimatedAccuracy V X
originalMapScaleDenominator V X
validFrom V
validTo V
association to CadastralZoning upper level V X
CadastralBoundary V
geometry M
inspireId V
estimaredAccuracy V
validFrom V
validTo V
beginlifespanVersion V
endlifespanVersion V
Association to cadastral parcels V
BasicPropertyUnit V
inspireId M
nationalCadastralReference M
beginLifespanVersion V
endLifespanVersion V
areaValue V
validFrom V
validTo V
association with administrative units V
INSPIRE Reference: INSPIRE_DataSpecification_CP_v3.0.1.pdf
TWG-CP INSPIRE Data Specification on Cadastral parcels 2010-04-26 Page 71
Selection criteria:
Cadastral parcels
Cadastral parcels show the apparent ownership (ownership, usufruct, leasehold, etc). No
conclusiveness of boundaries and extent.
Are published for INSPIRE all cadastral parcels available in vector format, except cadastral parcels
with several national cadastral references. These cadastral parcels with several references are
mistakes in the initial French cadastral database, they represent less than 1% of all parcels.
Cadastral zoning (if any)
Are published for INSPIRE all cadastral zonings containing vector cadastral parcels. Cadastral
zonings containing only raster parcels or no parcels at all (public domain) are not published for
INSPIRE.
Geographic coverage
Cadastral gaps
Public domain (roads, rivers, sea) is generally not considered as cadastral parcels.
Cadastral overlaps
No cadastral overlaps
Availability of data
Only half of the territory is covered by vector cadastral data. The remaining part of the territory is to be
covered in several years. Municipalities covered with vector cadastral parcels in December 2009 are
coloured in blue on the following map.
Structure of cadastral information
INSPIRE cadastral parcels come from cadastral maps, organised in the same way on the whole
territory:
− cadastral zoning level one is the municipality
− cadastral zoning level two is the cadastral sheet (carrying the information about estimated
accuracy and original map scale)
INSPIRE Reference: INSPIRE_DataSpecification_CP_v3.0.1.pdf
TWG-CP INSPIRE Data Specification on Cadastral parcels 2010-04-26 Page 72
The nationalCadastralReference is structured as such:
− code of the municipality : 5 characters
− code of the “arrondissement municipal” :3 characters
− or code of the “absorbed municipality” (3 characters) : code of previous municipality (for the
case of merging municipalities) ; default value = 000
− code of “cadastral sheet” : 2 characters
− parcel number : 4 characters
Temporal aspects
Historic data
No historic data. Only current version.
Life-cycle rules (for parcels):
INSPIRE Reference: INSPIRE_DataSpecification_CP_v3.0.1.pdf
TWG-CP INSPIRE Data Specification on Cadastral parcels 2010-04-26 Page 73
Table A
New spatial
object (new
national
cadastral
reference)
New
recorded
version
No
change in
lifecycle
attributes
Archive
old parcel
Remove
parcel
record
from
registry
Comment
INDIVIDUAL PARCEL
all parcel boundaries resurveyed X
part of the perimeter resurveyed (full
length of a boundary)
X
part of the perimeter resurveyed (only
part of a boundary)
X
non geometry attributes updated We do not know what would happen in this case
correction of registration errors X
SEVERAL PARCELS
shared boundary resurveyed X
parcel subdivision X X new reference to all new parcels
parcel merging X X new reference to the new parcel
land consolidation/land distribution X X new reference to all new parcels
Expropriation X the parcel may disappear (if it becomes public
domain)
CADASTRAL ZONING
upgrade, new survey in the cadastral
zoning
X X
upgrade, data processing in the
cadastral zoning (e.g. coordinate
transformations, update of edge
matching)
X
cadastral zoning modification (change
in cadastral reference)
X X
INSPIRE Reference: INSPIRE_DataSpecification_CP_v3.0.1.pdf
TWG-CP INSPIRE Data Specification on Cadastral parcels 2010-04-26 Page 74
Quality
Topological gaps
Topological gaps may occur between cadastral parcels at the boundaries of cadastral zonings or
within a cadastral zoning, between the main area and an insert.
E g. On this cadastral sheet, there are 3 inserts : when digitalised, topological gaps may occur at their
border with the main area.
Topological overlaps
Topological overlaps may occur between cadastral parcels at the boundaries of cadastral zonings or
within a cadastral zoning, between the main area and an insert.
Edge-matching
Cadastral data sets are processed at the departemental level. So topological gaps and overlaps
between these data sets may remain. Currently no edge-matching is done with neighbour countries.
Positional accuracy
The attribute estimatedAccuracy on cadastral zonings has been filled in the following way:
Category of cadastral
map
“plan mis à jour” other
Estimated accuracy 5 m 1 m
Delivery
To be decided later.
Overview of production method
DGFiP (General Direction of Public Finances) is responsible for cadastral information. Cadastral
parcels are captured both from stereo-plotting and from field survey.
Cadastral information has generally been captured in paper format, except the most recent plans
(since 1998) which have been directly registered in digital formats. Some of these cadastral maps
(around one half) are quite old, they have been captured during XIX century and are generally of poor
quality.
INSPIRE Reference: INSPIRE_DataSpecification_CP_v3.0.1.pdf
TWG-CP INSPIRE Data Specification on Cadastral parcels 2010-04-26 Page 75
These cadastral maps have been then digitalised, either directly in vector format (generally by local
governments) or in raster format (by DGFiP).
The data provider, IGN (National Geographic Institute) has then made a mosaic of these cadastral
maps, using homologous points in topographic database (BD TOPO) to provide georeferencing. On
some parts of the territory,, IGN is also transforming raster data into vector data by semi-automatic
vectorisation.
The result of this process is called BD Parcellaire, whose specifications are available on
http://professionnels.ign.fr/DISPLAY/000/506/446/5064462/BDPARCELLAIRE_specification.pdf
Finally, BD Parcellaire data will be transformed to be made compliant with INSPIRE:
− coordinate transformation from RGF93 – Lambert-93 to ETRS89 – geographic coordinates
− schema translation from BD Parcellaire application schema to INSPIRE one.
RGF93 being national realisation of ETRS89, there has been no lost of accuracy due to coordinate
transformation.
INSPIRE Reference: INSPIRE_DataSpecification_CP_v3.0.1.pdf
TWG-CP INSPIRE Data Specification on Cadastral parcels 2010-04-26 Page 76
Hungary
Lineage for cadastral parcels
Country: Hungary
Data provider: FÖMI
Date: June 2009
Population of spatial objects, attributes and associations
INSPIRE element Obligation Populated Comment
CadastralParcel M X
geometry M X
inspireId M X
nationalCadastralReference M X
label M X
referencePoint V X
areaValue V X
validFrom V ?
validTo V ?
beginLifespanVersion V X
endLifespanVersion V X
association with CadastralZoning V X
association with BasicPropertyUnit V
association with AdministrativeUnit V
CadastralZoning V X
geometry M X
inspireId V X
nationalCadastralZoningReference M X
label M X
referencePoint V
level V X
levelName V X
beginLifespanVersion V X
endLifespanVersion V X
name V X
estimatedAccuracy V X
originalMapScaleDenominator V X
validFrom V ?
validTo V ?
association with CadastralZoning upper
level
V X
CadastralBoundary V All information at
Cadastral Parcel
level
geometry V
inspireId V
estimaredAccuracy V
validFrom V
validTo V
beginLifespanVersion V
endLifespanVersion V
Association with cadastral parcels V
BasicPropertyUnit V
inspireId M
nationalCadastralReference M
beginLifespanVersion V
endLifespanVersion V
INSPIRE Reference: INSPIRE_DataSpecification_CP_v3.0.1.pdf
TWG-CP INSPIRE Data Specification on Cadastral parcels 2010-04-26 Page 77
areaValue V
validFrom V
validTo V
association with administrative units V
Selection criteria:
Cadastral parcels
The cadastral parcels which are single areas on Earth surface, not cut off by administrative or built-up
area boundary, under unique or homogenous ownership or trusteeship rights are published for
INSPIRE.
The parts of roads, squares, railroads and canals with branches and crossings, which are not cut off
by administrative or built-up boundaries — except national roads, railroads and navigable canals —
under unique ownership or trusteeship rights - are also published for INSPIRE, as cadastral parcels.
Cadastral zoning (if any)
All cadastral zonings are published for INSPIRE.
Cadastral boundaries (if any)
None
Basic Property units (if any)
None
Geographic coverage
Cadastral gaps
In Hungary there are no cadastral gaps (100% coverage)
Cadastral overlaps
In Hungary there are no cadastral overlaps
Availability of data
In Hungary, all the cadastral parcel data are available and public for everyone (approx. 7,3 million CP
are existing in Hungary)
Structure of cadastral information
INSPIRE cadastral parcels come from digital cadastral databases (integrated with the legal part),
organised in the same way on the whole territory:
cadastral index set level one is the settlement (each database unit is the settlement)
cadastral index set level two is the type of a single area within the settlement (built-up, garden or rural
areas, corresponding to the information about estimated accuracy and original surveying)
The nationalCadastralReference is structured as such:
statistic code of the settlement : 4 digits (0 at first digit is allowed) (e.g. 0214)
parcel identifier : max. 6 digits (in the case of rural areas parcel the first digit is 0) (e.g. 256 or within
rural areas : 056)
subdivided parcels : parcel_id “/” max 3 digits (e.g. 0214256/23 or 0214056/2)
Temporal aspects
Historic data
For INSPIRE, all historic data are available in digital form since 2007.
Life-cycle rules (for parcels):
1. new individual delimitation : same cadastral reference as before (if the parcel existed before)
2. new (general) survey : if possible the older cadastral reference is not changed, but the for new
ones, new cadastral reference
3. merging or un-merging of municipalities : new cadastral references for new parcels, but if it is
possible the older ones are not changed
4. Parcel subdivision : new cadastral references to all new parcels, the subdivided reference flagged
as deleted
5. Parcel merging : no new cadastral reference to the new parcel, the smallest older reference would
be the new one
6. Expropriation : same rules as at parcel subdivision and parcel merging
INSPIRE Reference: INSPIRE_DataSpecification_CP_v3.0.1.pdf
TWG-CP INSPIRE Data Specification on Cadastral parcels 2010-04-26 Page 78
Examples: 2 parcels with reference “256” and “512”
Subdivision of “256” to 2 new parcels. New references: 256/1 and 256/2
Subdivision of “512” to 3 new parcels: 512/1, 512/2 and 512/3
Merging the two parcels into one. The new parcel reference is “256”, since 256 is less than 512.
Quality
Topological gaps
In Hungary no topological gaps are allowed in CP database (including cadastral index sets)
Topological overlaps
In Hungary no topological overlaps are allowed in CP database (including cadastral index sets)
Edge-matching
Edge-matching with neighbour countries to be considered later.
Positional accuracy
The attribute estimatedAccuracy on cadastral index sets has been filled in the following way:
Cadastral Index Set built-up areas garden areas rural areas
Estimated accuracy 30 cm 60 cm 1 m
Delivery
Delivery for INSPIRE to be defined later.
Overview of production method
In Hungary the Land Office Network (20 County and 120 District Land Offices and Institute of
Geodesy, Cartography and Remote Sensing (FÖMI)) are responsible for the daily updating of Unified
Land Registry (including cadastral maps).
Cadastral information are stored in standardized databases integrated with legal data. Original
cadastral information derived from field surveying and in some parts of the country, for rural areas,
from stereophotogrammetric measurements. All the original paper form maps have been digitised
during the last 6 years (for the 90% of the country) and databases developed from new field surveying
for the 10% of the country.
All the digital maps have been uploaded into a standardized, integrated cadastral, land registry
information system (DATR-TAKAROS) developed by FÖMI. The project will be finished by the end of
2009. Hungarian INSPIRE service will be available with the usage of DATR-TAKAROS for the whole
territory of the country.
INSPIRE Reference: INSPIRE_DataSpecification_CP_v3.0.1.pdf
TWG-CP INSPIRE Data Specification on Cadastral parcels 2010-04-26 Page 79
Netherlands
Lineage for cadastral parcels
Country: Netherlands
Data provider: Kadaster
Date: July 2009
Population of spatial objects, attributes and associations
INSPIRE element Obligation Populated Comment
CadastralParcel M X
geometry M X
inspireId M X
nationalCadastralReference M X
label M X
referencePoint V X
areaValue V X
validFrom V X
validTo V X
beginLifespanVersion V X
endLifespanVersion V X
association to CadastralZoning V
association to BasicPropertyUnit V
association to AdministrativeUnit V
CadastralZoning V Implicit based on
hierarchical topological
structure. Thus not in the
cadastral theme of
INSPIRE.
geometry M
inspireId V
nationalCadastralZoningReference M
label M
referencePoint V
level V
levelName V
beginLifespanVersion V
endLifespanVersion V
name V
estimatedAccuracy V
originalMapScaleDenominator V
validFrom V
validTo V
Association to CadastralZoning upper level V
CadastralBoundary V X
geometry M X
inspireId V X
estimatedAccuracy V X
validFrom V X Creation date in database
validTo V X Creation date in database
beginLifespanVersion V X
endLifespanVersion V X
Association to cadastral parcels V X
BasicPropertyUnit V
inspireId M
nationalCadastralReference M
beginLifespanVersion V
INSPIRE Reference: INSPIRE_DataSpecification_CP_v3.0.1.pdf
TWG-CP INSPIRE Data Specification on Cadastral parcels 2010-04-26 Page 80
endLifespanVersion V
areaValue V
validFrom V
validTo V
association with administrative units V
Selection criteria:
Cadastral parcels
All cadastral parcels are published.
Cadastral zoning (if any)
No explicit cadastral zonings in NL.
Cadastral boundaries (if any)
All cadastral boundaries are published with reference to nationalCadastralReference of the cadastral
parcels on either side.
Basic Property units (if any)
None.
Geographic coverage
Cadastral gaps
No gaps.
Cadastral overlaps
No overlaps.
Avaibility of data
Cadastral map has a full 100% coverage of the Netherlands.
Structure of cadastral information
A cadastral parcel is identified by a unique cadastral reference:
− code for cadastral municipality (3l + 2d)
− section code (2l)
− parcel number (5d)
Example: APD00 F 2345
Temporal aspects
Historic data
Database stores history since 1999.
History can be retrieved by backtracing deeds and field sheets in public registers (also prior to 1999).
This is outside the INSPIRE data.
Creation of a new parcel is trigger for a new identifier.
Life-cycle rules (for parcels):
Daily updates based on measurements initiated by deeds where whole parcels are divided or merged
by requests from parcel owners and merging of parcels. Alternatively land consolidation (also trigged
by a ‘large’ deed) will result in a reparcelation of larger area’s, i.e. many new parcels and boundaries
(and also many old/historic parcels and boundaries).
As a general rule when the geometry of a parcel changes not due to quality improvement of map), the
new id’s will be assigned (in map and registry, which are in synchronisation).
INSPIRE Reference: INSPIRE_DataSpecification_CP_v3.0.1.pdf
TWG-CP INSPIRE Data Specification on Cadastral parcels 2010-04-26 Page 81
Table A
New spatial
object (new
national
cadastral
reference)
New
recorded
version
No change
in lifecycle
attributes
Archive old
parcel
Remove
parcel
record from
registry
Comment
INDIVIDUAL PARCEL
all parcel boundaries resurveyed Not
applicable
see
comment
Not
applicable
see
comment
Not
applicable
see
comment
Not
applicable
see
comment
Not
applicable
see
comment
All parcel boundaries relate to two cadastral parcels.
Changing one parcel boundaries changes the
perimeter of those two parcels.
part of the perimeter resurveyed (full
length of a boundary)
Not
applicable
see
comment
Not
applicable
see
comment
Not
applicable
see
comment
Not
applicable
see
comment
Not
applicable
see
comment
All parcel boundaries relate to two cadastral parcels.
Changing one parcel boundaries changes the
perimeter of those two parcels.
part of the perimeter resurveyed (only
part of a boundary)
Not
applicable
see
comment
Not
applicable
see
comment
Not
applicable
see
comment
Not
applicable
see
comment
Not
applicable
see
comment
All parcel boundaries relate to two cadastral parcels.
Changing one parcel boundaries changes the
perimeter of those two parcels.
non geometry attributes updated X X
correction of registration errors X X
SEVERAL PARCELS
shared boundary resurveyed X X
parcel subdivision X X X
parcel merging X X X
land consolidation/land distribution X X X Not all spatial objects are renewed.
INSPIRE Reference: INSPIRE_DataSpecification_CP_v3.0.1.pdf
TWG-CP INSPIRE Data Specification on Cadastral parcels 2010-04-26 Page 82
Quality
Topological gaps
No gaps.
Topological overlaps
No overlaps.
Edge-matching
Because of historic reasons (local coordinate system and local map production), different parts
(cadastral municipalities) did not fit well. These issues where first resolved within the cadastral offices
level while digitising all separate paper cadastral maps (map boundaries) (more or less Dutch
provinces) and later the edge matching between provinces was corrected in a specific campaign in the
early 2000’s (project ‘kaartverbetering’ using different sources, including large scale topographic maps
of recent date as reference for ‘the reality’).
Edge-matching with neighbour countries: map-differences are the result of coordinate transformations.
The national border boundary coordinates are in ETRS89. In turn the countries take care of the
necessary measurements for reconstructing the existing boundaries in the field and send the results to
their neighbour countries. National boundaries with Germany and Belgium are described in ETRS and
transformed to co-ordinates in the national reference systems (causing small shifts, e.g. 1 cm or 2
cm). The national boundaries are also provincial, municipal and parcel boundaries. The parcel
boundaries which are equal to national boundaries are represented in the cadastral map database
with the transformed co-ordinates as agreed in ETRS between the involved boundary commissions. It
is unknown if the same is valid for the cadastral map database in Belgium and Germany. If this would
be valid a seamless map would be constructable without too many complications; e.g. in ETRS.
Note 1: the Belgium Cadastre is a taxation cadastre which does not cover state lands.
Note 2: the Belgium territory has a set of exclaves in the Netherlands. Within those exclaves there can
be Dutch exclaves again.
Positional accuracy
- 20 – 40 cm (urban - rural areas) relative accuracy in the cadastral map in metadata (history can be
retrieved by backtracing deeds and field sheets in public registers)
- Scale 1:1.000 (20 cm accuracy – urban area) to scale 1:2.000 (40cm accuracy – rural area)
Delivery
Direct access to cadastral data via Web services
More detailed delivery conditions to be defined later.
Overview of production method
Unambiguous and homogeneous geodetic reference frames are essential to the proper determination
of locations and heights. The reference frames used in the Netherlands are the Rijksdriehoekmeting
(RD) for locations and the Normaal Amsterdamse Peil (NAP) for heights. The RD has traditionally
been managed by the Kadaster; the NAP by Rijkswaterstaat
The national geodetic reference frames (RD) has 1 :1 conversion to ETRS89
RDNAPTRANS™ is the official and accurate transformation between the Dutch reference systems for
location (RD : Rijksdriehoeksmeting) and height (NAP : Normaal Amsterdams Peil) and the European
Terrestrial Reference System 1989 (ETRS89). De parameters for this transformation are freely
available for software producers and other interested parties.
For transformations better than 25 centimetres, the transformation RDNAPTRANS™ is a must.
Any other useful information
In the Netherlands the cadastral map is mainly used as an index map, giving information on the
relations between parcels. The legal information on individual boundaries is documented in field
sheets.
The cadastral map is a graphical depiction and has been brought in accordance with national base
map (GBKN)
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Norway
Lineage for cadastral parcels
Country: Norway
Data provider: Norwegian Mapping and Cadastre Authority (NorMCA)
Date: 2009-06-26
Population of spatial objects, attributes and associations
INSPIRE element Obligation Populated Comment
CadastralParcel M X
Geometry M X 2D data
inspireId M X Not populated now.
To be decided how
it is determined.
nationalCadastralReference M X Not unique
Label M X
referencePoint V X
areaValue V X
validFrom V
validTo V
beginLifespanVersion V
endLifespanVersion V
association to CadastralZoning V
association to BasicPropertyUnit V X
association to AdministrativeUnit V X
CadastralZoning V Not used in
Norway.
Geometry M
inspireId V
nationalCadastralZoningReference M
Label M
referencePoint V
Level V
levelName V
beginLifespanVersion V
endLifespanVersion V
name V
estimatedAccuracy V
originalMapScaleDenominator V
validFrom V
validTo V
association to CadastralZoning upper level V
CadastralBoundary V X
geometry M X
inspireId V X Not populated now.
To be decided how
it is determined.
estimaredAccuracy V X Not in database,
but may be
derived.
validFrom V
validTo V
beginLifespanVersion V
endLifespanVersion V
Association to cadastral parcels V X
BasicPropertyUnit V X
inspireId M X
nationalCadastralReference M X
beginLifespanVersion V
endLifespanVersion V
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areaValue V
validFrom V
validTo V
Association to administrative units V X
Selection criteria:
Basic Property units
All basic property unit types except “anleggseiendom” (construction unit) are published for INSPIRE.
Construction units are for instance Buildings on poles above earth surface, and tunnels or parking
areas below earth surface.
Cadastral parcels
All parcels will be published for INSPIRE except for parcels belonging to basic property unit type
“anleggseiendom” (construction unit). This is volume parcels below or above earth surface. Some
parcels may miss important information from national cadastre. For instance may parcels associated
to more than one basic property unit be of two kinds. One is parcels under joint ownership (legal), the
other due to missing registration of boundaries (to be improved/corrected).
Cadastral boundaries (if any)
All ordinary boundaries associated with parcels mentioned above are published for INSPIRE.
Geographic coverage
Cadastral gaps
Some roads, rivers, lakes, and sea are generally not considered as cadastral parcels. Some of them
are registered in national cadastre, but are given fictitious basic property unit identification. Some
areas (most in mountainous area) are not registered in cadastre yet.
Cadastral overlaps
There are no cadastral overlaps as construction units are omitted.
Availability of data
Whole Norway is covered with cadastral parcels. Some mountainous areas are not covered. All
parcels are available through the national cadastral system called “Matrikkelen”.
Structure of cadastral information
INSPIRE cadastral parcels come from the national cadastral system administrated by the Norwegian
Mapping and Cadastre Authority. The input may come from different sources. In rural areas most
information is digitized from old maps, in urban areas most information come from original
measurements. From 1980 all information even in rural areas is based on original measurements.
Accuracy information is mainly stored on boundary points, but may be estimated on boundaries.
Cadastral index sets are not used in Norway. The cadastre also includes information on addresses
and buildings.
The nationalCadastralReference is structured as such:
− code of the municipality : 5 digits
− code of land number: 5 digits
− code of title number: four digits
− code of lease number: four digits (used for leased area only)
− code of unit number: four digits (used for what in Norway is called “section”. This is a right of
use to a part of a building. The BPU (or parcels) are owned in joint ownership, but each unit
may have right to use a part of the BPU. One or more units may therefore have one or more
parcels, even if the ownership is shared. Units without parcels (most properties of this kind) will
be omitted and all the sectioned area (BPU) will be shown as one (or sometimes several)
parcel(s).
Temporal aspects
Historic data
No historic data on geometry yet, only current version. Future versions will include historic data.
Life-cycle rules (for parcels):
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All official ID’s refer to basic property unit (BPU). Internal ID’s on parcel level exists, but are not
persistent. There is no lifecycle info on geometry in current version of the cadastral system. A kind of
lifecycle information is stored on all feature types, but not the geometry itself.
1. New individual delimitation : same cadastral reference (to BPU)
2. New (general) survey : same cadastral reference (to BPU)
3. Merging or un-merging of municipalities: new cadastral references for all parcels (reference to
BPU). Internal ID’s on parcels may be preserved.
4. Parcel splitting (new BPU): new cadastral references to all new parcels(reference to BPU).
5. Parcel merging (One BPU remains): reference to BPU (remaining) is preserved. Internal ID’s on
parcel level
6. Expropriation: the parcel may be merged with another BPU, or a new BPU is established with its
cadastral reference.
7. Partitioning: In INSPIRE context the reference to BPU remains the same. Partitioning according
to Norwegian legislation is not covered by INSPIRE.
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Table A
New spatial
object (new
national
cadastral
reference)
New recorded
version
No change in
lifecycle
attributes
Archive old
parcel
Remove
parcel record
from registry
Comment
INDIVIDUAL PARCEL
all parcel boundaries resurveyed X
part of the perimeter resurveyed
(full length of a boundary)
X
part of the perimeter resurveyed
(only part of a boundary)
X
non geometry attributes updated X
correction of registration errors X
SEVERAL PARCELS
shared boundary resurveyed X
parcel subdivision X The original parcel will keep its CR.
parcel merging X CR from one of the parcels is preserved.
land consolidation/land distribution X
CADASTRAL ZONING
upgrade, new survey in the
cadastral zoning
upgrade, data processing in the
cadastral zoning (e.g. coordinate
transformations)
cadastral zoning modification
(change in cadastral reference)
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Table B.
New identifier New
recorded
version
No change in lifecycle
attributes
Archive old
geometry
Remove
record
from
registry
Comment
national
cadastral
reference
inspireId
for parcel
of basic
property
unit
of parcel
BASIC PROPERTY UNIT
all boundaries of parcel(s)
resurveyed
X X
part of the perimeter of parcel(s)
resurveyed
X X
non geometry attributes updated X X
correction of registration errors X X
parcelling out X X The original BPU will keep its
CR.
division X X The original BPU will keep its
CR.
merging X X CR from one of the BPU’s is
preserved.
land consolidation/land distribution X
CADASTRAL ZONING
upgrade, new survey in the
cadastral zoning
upgrade, data processing in the
cadastral zoning (e.g. coordinate
transformations)
cadastral zoning modification
(change in cadastral reference)
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Quality
Topological gaps
Topological gaps may occur in rural areas, and where data capture is not finished.
Topological overlaps
Topological overlap is not allowed.
Edge-matching
The national cadastre is seamless nationwide. Edge-matching will then not be necessary. Edgematching
with neighbour countries not yet considered.
Positional accuracy
The attribute estimatedAccuracy on cadastral boundaries has been filled in the following way:
Category of
cadastral map
Topological map Economical map Technical
map
Other
(measurements)
Estimated
accuracy
50 m 2 m 0.36 m SDEV
Delivery
To be decided later, but data will probably be provided as Web Feature Services (WFS).
Overview of production method
The municipalities are responsible for cadastral information. This includes the legal part of property
management, data capture and database registration. The Norwegian Mapping and Cadastre
Authority (NorMCA) is responsible for developing and managing the cadastral system. Since April
2009 all municipalities use the same cadastral system. Maintenance is done by use of clients
developed by different software companies. NorMCA has developed a client available for users
without any costs.
Cadastral information has generally been captured in paper format, except BPU’s established since
1980 which are based on original measurements..
These cadastral maps (economical or technical maps) have then been digitalised in vector format by
the municipalities or NorMCA.
Since late 2007 cadastral maps (covering one municipality) and the register are transformed into the
new cadastral system. Data is available as WEB-services, WFS and WMS. Coordinates are stored
in ETRS89 UTM zone 32, 33 and 35.
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Spain
Lineage for cadastral parcels
Country: Spain
Data provider: Spanish General Directorate for Cadastre
Date: June 2009
Population of spatial objects, attributes and associations
INSPIRE element Obligation Populated Comment
CadastralParcel M
Geometry M x
inspireId M
nationalCadastralReference M x
Label M x
referencePoint V x
areaValue V x
validFrom V x Derecho.Desde
Date of the
business or act
validTo V
beginlifespanVersion V x
endlifespanVersion V x
Association to CadastralZoning V x
Association to BasicPropertyUnit V
Association to AdministrativeUnit V x
CadastralZoning V
Geometry M x This entity are
blocks in urban
and polygons in
rural areas
inspireId V
nationalCadastralZoningReference M x
Label M x
referencePoint V x
Level V X
levelName V x
beginlifespanVersion V x
endlifespanVersion V x
Name V
estimatedAccuracy V X
originalMapScaleDenominator V x
validFrom V X
validTo V x
Association to CadastralZoning upper
level
V x
CadastralBoundary V
Geometry M
inspireId V
estimaredAccuracy V
ValidFrom V
validTo V
beginlifespanVersion V
endlifespanVersion V
Association to cadastral boundaries V
BasicPropertyUnit V
inspireId M
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nationalCadastralReference M
beginLifespanVersion V
endLifespanVersion V
areaValue V
validFrom V
validTo V
Association to administrative units V
Selection criteria:
Cadastral parcels
The Cadastral Parcel is defined as the portion of land delimited by a closed line, owned by a single
individual or by several.
The Spanish Cadastre distinguishes between two basic types of properties, based on the type of land
on which they are located and the applicable assessment model: these are urban real estate and rural
real estate. A third residual category exists for special real estates, whose characteristics require
different treatment, especially with regard to assessment (motorways, airports, nuclear plants, etc.).
The Spanish cadastre has information for 12 million urban parcels and 42 million rural parcels
Cadastral zoning (if any)
The Spanish Directorate General for Cadastre will provide for every municipality two data sets: one for
urban area and other for rural area.
Each of these two
− have different metadata, different scale and different lineage....
− the Spanish cadastre can provide several CadastralZoning.
− have nationalCadastralZoningReference, label and geometry
For Urban data set the CadastralZoning will be THE BLOCK (la manzana) (in purple color in the map)
For Rural data set, the CadastralZoning will be THE POLYGON (purple line)
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Geographic coverage
Cadastral gaps
All territory is covered with cadastral parcels, but in urban cadastre, there are not information about
the streets and roads (public domain).
Cadastral overlaps
No overlaps.
Availability of data
The Spanish General Directorate General for Cadastre is responsible for the cadastral administration
of 95% of the Spanish territory, and the remaining 5% (on black colour in the next map) is
administered by the regional governments of Navarre and the Basque Country.
Structure of cadastral information
In the case of urban land, the parcels are grouped in blocks. The parcels contain buildings and urban
units (flats, individualised parking, other units inside the real estate...). Each unit inside the parcel has
his own cadastral reference, but all the urban units of a parcel have the same first part of the cadastral
reference and all the parcels of a block have in common the first 7 digits of the reference.
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n the case of rural real estate, the municipality is divided in polygons (zones) depending on the
homogeneity of the cultures, existence of geographical accidents, etc, inside each polygon there are
several parcels. The unit of property is the parcel. Each parcel has its cadastral reference.
The rural parcel contains one or more sub-parcels depending on use or crops and intensity and quality
of these crops. A rustic parcel can contain constructions too.
In the third residual category, “the special real estates”, (motorways, airports, nuclear plants, etc.),
there are only one cadastral reference for each “special real estate” and it can be composed by
several parcels even in different municipalities.
Temporal aspects
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Temporal Information
The SDGC has stored all the map modifications in digital form from 2002, so it is possible to query the
evolution of a map. In the literal form the SDGC has the information computerized since 1990 and in
papers from the origin.
The Spanish cadastral GIS not only keep the last change but all of them.
Update frequency
The cadastral information is daily updated.
Parallel to the daily update (on line and off line), there are massive processes of update that are done
generally joined with processes of revaluation. The new information obtained is in general of major
quality, more current and complete
Life-cycle rules
A real estate never changes its reference.
This is the way SDGC precede when there are changes in the real estate configuration:
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Table A
New spatial
object (new
national
cadastral
reference)
New recorded
version
No change in
lifecycle
attributes
Archive old
parcel
Remove parcel
record from
registry
Comment
INDIVIDUAL PARCEL
all parcel boundaries resurveyed X X
part of the perimeter resurveyed (full
length of a boundary)
X X
part of the perimeter resurveyed (only
part of a boundary)
X X
non geometry attributes updated In this case we modify
only the attribute
correction of registration errors
SEVERAL PARCELS
shared boundary resurveyed X X
parcel subdivision X X
parcel merging X X
land consolidation/land distribution x x
CADASTRAL ZONING
upgrade, new survey in the cadastral
zoning
X X
upgrade, data processing in the
cadastral zoning (e.g. coordinate
transformations)
cadastral zoning modification
(change in cadastral reference)
x x The same as individual
parcel
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Quality
Topological Gaps and Overlaps
Now the Spanish Cadastre has a continuous map for all towns, between neighbouring municipalities,
and between rural and urban land; but because all this information was separately took, there are still
some problems with gaps and overlaps, but we are working to eliminate them. We are studying and
proceeding to eliminate one by one.
Edge-matching
There are still some problems of edge-matching between neighbouring municipalities, and between
rural and urban land. We are studying and proceeding to eliminate one by one.Edge-matching with
neighbour countries not yet considered.
Positional accuracy
Urban areas
Absolute accuracy
The maximum deviations are lower than a certain absolute linear magnitude: P1.
A percentage of 85 % of the points and elements present deviation lower than another linear
parameter: P2.
Categoría Escala plano P1(cm.) P2(cm.)
I 1/500 25 20
II 1/1000 40 30
III 1/2000 75 60
Relative accuracy
Contractual Technical specification define: Linear magnitudes of a cartographic object and the
distances between points of different entities in a proximity radio of 100m, will be obtained with a
maximum tolerance of:
for scales 1/500
for scales 1/1000.
for scales 1/2000.
Being L the considered linear magnitude, express in meters
In rural areas
Digital cartography of rural land was generated municipality by municipality in the process of cadastral
renovation, from orthophotography (1/5.000- expanded1/ 2.500),
Followed by fieldwork, to identify the property, and digitalization.
So, the accuracy is related to the accuracy of the ortophotography
Now we work with ortophotos of the “Plan nacional de ortofotografía aérea” PNOA with flights on
1:30000 scale and digital ortophotos in colour with size of the pixel of 0,50 meter and planimetric
precisions of 1 meter
Delivery
Spanish General Directorate for Cadastre makes available all its information on Internet to citizens
and public administrations in the form of the Cadastral Virtual Office (CVO)
(http://ovc.catastro.meh.es)
The CVO provides updated Cadastral Information and services in Internet, 24 h. 7 days and Cost-free
The cartography is provided via web services like WMS, WFS or SOAP protocol for other services.
The system permits the TIME parameter to have historic information. And offers too the Getfeatureinfo
service
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And in digital format in: DXF (Autodesk), Shapefiles (Esri), SVG (Standard Vectorial Graphics) and the
FICC [(Own format: Cadastral Cartography Interchange Format), an ASCII format over which reflects
the geometry and features of the entities of cadastral cartography in vectorial format)]
Overview of production method
The cadastral cartography is generated at the municipal level.
Now the SGDC has a continuous map with urban and rustic cartography, and with all the
municipalities aggregated in a unique database but in origin:
Digital urban cartography 1:500 or 1:1000 was generated at the municipal level from the digitalisation
of existing cadastral cartography following verification of its quality, or using new cartography
generated by a process of analytical restitution of apparent parcellary entities obtained in
stereographical flights upon which the cadastral parcellary data is placed, identified and updated.
Process:
1. Photogrametrical numerical restitution to obtain an apparent parcellary
2. "Fieldwork and later edition in office to incorporate the property parcellary"
3. "Semantic Treatment: codification, alteration and assignment of cadastral References and labels"
Digital cartography of rural land was generated municipally by municipally in the process of cadastral
renovation, from orthophotography (1/5.000- expanded1/ 2.500), upon which rural parcel and subparcel
boundaries was projected.
Orthophotographs were at the beginning on paper and since last ninety’s also available in digital
format.
Process:
1. Generation of orthophotos,
2. Fieldwork, to identify the property, re-dyed on the orthophoto and later on digitalization and edition
in office to incorporate the cadastral parcelary,
3. Semantic Treatment: codification, alteration and assignment of cadastral References and labels
In that way the Spanish Cadastre had got the first digital cartography for every municipality in the
years 90’s but since then, SDGC maintains this information every time with better methodology, more
precise technologies and more accuracy
In cases where the cartography were not good enough the Spanish Cadastre have produced new
cartography with review of fieldwork.
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Annex E
(informative)
Rationale for Cadastral Parcel Data Specification
Abbreviations
CRS Coordinate Reference System
DPS Data Product Specification
DT DS Drafting Team Data Specification
DTM Digital terrain Model
EULIS European Land Information System
GCM Generic Conceptual Model
GIS Geographic Information System
GML Geographic Markup Language
JRC Joint Research Centre
LADM Land Administration Domain Model
LMO Legally Mandated Organisation
SDIC Spatial Data Interest Community
TWG Thematic Working Group
TWG CP Thematic Working Group
WG CPI Working Group on Cadastral Parcel in INSPIRE
Methodology
TWG CP has followed the methodology defined in the document D2.6 elaborated by the Drafting
Team Data Specification.
User requirements
The first step has been to find relevant use cases for cadastral parcels in INSPIRE. Use cases have
been considered as relevant for INSPIRE if they are linked with environment and if they are (at least
potentially) European or cross-border use cases.
Two main sources have been used to identify relevant use cases:
- the user requirement survey launched by JRC in February 2008
- use cases proposed by TWG CP members.
The check-list provided in the document “Methodology for the development of data specifications”
from DT DS has been adapted for the cadastral parcels context (e.g. the lines concerning multiple
representation have been deleted because not relevant for cadastral parcels).
Then, TWG CP has tried to have this check-list filled for each use case, contacting the user(s) and/or
using existing documentation, if any.
Use cases have been based on the ones used during the survey conducted by WG-CPI (of
Eurogeographic and PCC) in 2005:
− real estate market
− agriculture (subsidies on land use)
− environmental monitoring
− spatial planning (urban/rural/regional planning + restrictions on land use)
− infrastructure management
− public administration
− public safety
− socio-economic analysis
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Land market is not considered as a use case for INSPIRE but two examples have nevertheless been
considered, one about EULIS as it is an harmonisation initiative about cadastre and one coming from
Nature GIS project because including also protected sites and other INSPIRE themes.
Main conclusions of the TWG CP investigation of use cases were the following:
− There are few Use cases based on European Directives or policies
− However nowadays there are not yet pan-European level or cross-border level use cases,
except these European Directives.
− As cadastral data is generally used as background information for other themes, harmonisation
of cadastral data may be considered as a pre-condition to harmonise other INSPIRE themes
− Most of the use cases are just national or regional ones but TWG CP understanding is when
harmonised cadastral data exists be cross-border applications will appear and the cadastral
parcel will be widely used.
All the valid use cases submitted during the user requirements survey launched by JRC in February
2008 have been considered.
NOTE: The examples (collected during this survey) involving only publishing of existing data have not
been considered as valid use cases
TWG CP has collected more than 20 check-lists during this user requirement phase, covering a wide
range of applications.
The main weaknesses in this user requirements phase are the following:
− the information collected in the check-list has given various and sometimes disappointing
results (e.g. answers not detailed enough or not focusing on cadastral parcels)
− the geographic extent of national use cases is mainly limited to 7 countries (Belgium, France,
Hungary, Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, Germany)
− the use cases (except Land Parcel Identification System) giving good reasons to harmonise
data in Europe because at European level have provided only very generic requirements
− the detailed (and really useful) requirements mainly come from national examples (even if
potentially cross-border in future)
As-is analysis
TWG CP has investigated the Reference Material provided by SDIC/LMO:
− the survey conducted by WG-CPI in 2005 about the cadastral parcel in INSPIRE
− some national cadastral specifications (some countries already having experts involved in the
TWG CP + Italy).
TWG CP has begun to investigate more in detail the existing data in countries represented in TWG
CP, with focus on the five key elements identified by the survey conducted by WG-CPI: identifier,
boundaries, surface, georeferencement, origin-history.
TWG CP has tried to enlarge the geographic extent of the as-is analysis by inviting other countries to
provide more detailed information about their existing cadastral data.
To summarise, TWG CP has generic information about cadastral parcels in most of European
countries, due to the survey conducted by WG-CPI and more detailed information for the following
countries: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy,
Netherlands, Latvia, Norway, Spain, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Moreover, as TWG CP has considered, since the beginning of its work, that the existence of cadastral
parcels only as raster data was a key issue, a questionnaire about existence and characteristics of
cadastral raster data has been sent to countries:
− which answered to the questionnaire sent by WG-CPI saying they had only raster data on parts
of their territory
− which did not answer the questionnaire sent by WG-CPI.
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Gap analysis
The gap analysis has been done during the whole process through oral discussions during telecoms
and meetings and through written discussion papers about main components of cadastral parcels.
The results are summarised in the following chapter (recapitulative check-list).
Harmonisation approach:
TWG CP has been helped by some Reference Material, mainly:
− the work done by WG-CPI in 2005 about the cadastral parcel in INSPIRE
− the Land Administration Domain Model, a proposal for a new ISO standard
Documents issued by UNECE and the EULIS glossary have also been used in order to clarify some
cadastral concepts.
TWG CP has had to cope with the many national specificities which exist in cadastral data in
European countries.
The results are summarised in the following chapter (recapitulative check-list).
Moreover, these steps have been complemented by:
− the internal review (by the European Commission, by the European Environmental Agency and
by the INSPIRE Thematic Working Groups and Drafting Teams)
− the review by SDIC/LMO
− the testing by SDIC/LMO
The comments received during these steps have been considered and taken into account, when
considered as relevant.
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Recapitulative check-list
Data harmonisation
component
Requirements As-is analysis Harmonisation approach Gap analysis
(B) Terminology
in general
Current use of cadastral
concepts as defined by national
data providers.
The INSPIRE context requires
harmonised terminology.
Definition of cadastral parcels
given by the Directive but very
vague “areas defined in cadastral
registers or equivalent”
Some Reference Material
providing already some cadastral
terms with more or less agreed
definition (WPLA, UN/ECE).
(B) Terminology
definition/description
of cadastral parcels
TWG CP understanding is that
users require parcels as “single
areas on the Earth surface
under unique ownership and
homogeneous property rights”.
Parcels as single areas are
better:
- for queries (e.g. parcels
included in an area of
interest)
- to attach user-defined
attributes
- for portrayal
Definition given by the Directive
is too vague because some MS
have several levels of “areas
defined in cadastral registers or
equivalent”:
- sub-parcels
- parcels
- multi-parcels
TWG CP decided:
to keep the definition coming from
the INSPIRE directive
to add as description “single
areas on the Earth surface under
unique ownership and
homogeneous property rights,
ownership and real property
rights being defined by national
law, forming partition of territory”
as description of cadastral
parcels
Definition from the
Directive will have
precedence.
Description given, by TWG
CP to be used as
guidelines by MS to decide
which parcels are in the
INSPIRE scope.
May be not obvious in
some countries (e.g. UK,
Ireland)
(D) Application
schemas
Cadastral parcels
Of course, the spatial object
type required by all use case
Cadastral parcels widely
available in most countries in
Europe.
Cadastral parcels as mandatory
spatial object type.
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TWG-CP INSPIRE Data Specification on Cadastral parcels 2010-04-26 Page 101
areaValue Official area required by some
use cases.
Area required by JRC as
mandatory attribute.
Need for horizontal area
Areas are generally available in
cadastral registers or equivalent.
They may be official (legal, fiscal)
or not.
Some countries do not register
area.
areaValue as voidable attribute,
with definition including “projected
on the horizontal plan”
referencePoint Centroïd point required by some
use cases with its coordinates.
Moreover, TWG CP consider that
reference point may be useful for
portrayal (e.g. case of concave
parcels) or to speed some spatial
queries.
Reference point available in
many countries but not all.
TWG CP has included reference
point as voidable attribute with
definition “point within cadastral
parcel”.
TWG CP has not included as
semantic attributes the
coordinates of this reference
point, coordinated may be derived
from geometry by users.
Some countries (Germany)
have some reference points
located outside the parcel,
so not corresponding to the
INSPIRE definition.
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CadastralZoning
Cadastral zonings are required by
some use cases
They are generally required as
defined in the national model, i.e.
not as cadastral zonings but as
municipalities, sections, …
In the quoted use cases, they are
required with the following
attributes: name and code
TWG CP understanding is that
cadastral zonings are required:
- for querying/searching data
- for carrying metadata
information
- for displaying data
Cadastral zonings are often
available in existing data, they
are ordered generally in a
pyramidal classification but in a
very heterogeneous way:
- there may be different
number of levels
- they have different
names and meanings
(e.g. municipalities,
parishes, settlements,
sections, blocks).
- pyramidal classification
may be different in rural
and urban areas
The LADM offers a model
allowing the harmonisation of
cadastral zonings.
Examples of correspondence
between national and INSPIRE
levels are provided in annex B of
this DPS.
Attribute level name has also
been added to explain this
correspondence.
Cadastral zonings have same
attributes as cadastral parcels
plus:
level (as in LADM)
name (in case cadastral zoning is
also an administrative unit)
No cadastral zonings in
some countries (e.g. United
Kingdom).
ParcelBoundary Generally not required by use
cases.
For some countries
(e.g.Netherlands, Norway), the
most convenient way to provide
information about positional
accuracy (required by users) is at
the parcel boundary level.
TWG CP has added optional
spatial object type Parcel
Boundary ; to be provided by MS
only if carrying accuracy
information
BasicPropertyUnit Not required by the investigated
use cases.
Widely used in Nordic countries. TWG CP has added optional
basic property units (though out
of the INSPIRE scope) to provide
a practical and meaningful way
for Nordic countries to give
information about area and about
temporal validity.
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Association Not required by the investigated
use cases.
Useful at conceptual level to
understand links between
features.
Some countries very willing to
provide these associations; some
countries very reluctant to
provide them.
TWG CP has included
associations as voidable
elements. Associations are only
uni-directional to simplify the
implementation.
Recommendation to provide them
only for last versions of spatial
objects (to avoid temporal
inconsistencies).
To be provided by countries
already having the semantic
associations. No need to
derive them from geometry.
(E) Spatial and
temporal aspects
(Vector geometry)
Users require cadastral parcels
as closed surfaces and generally
as 2D data.
Some use cases interested at
least in future by 2,5D cadastral
parcels.
Possible requirements in future
for 3D parcels.
Possible requirements for Simple
Feature profile (recommendation
of GCM)
Most countries have parcels as
closed polygons and as 2D data.
Some countries also use circular
arcs. However, from experts
experience, circular arcs are
generally sources of problems.
Currently, few countries have 3D
parcels (Norway, …) but it may
be growing in future.
Norway has some 2,5D parcels
used as a way to represent 3D
parcels.
Some countries (e.g. Germany,
Norway) use circular arcs or
circular interpolations,
sometimes for very long arcs.
TWG CP has required geometry
as GM_Surface with only linear
interpolation.
TWG CP has restricted cadastral
parcels as 2D (or 2,5D) parcels:
the INSPIRE directive defines
parcels as “areas”
no current environmental use
case requiring them.
TWG CP has given priority to
feasibility and accepted circular
arcs or interpolations. Simple
Feature is just a
recommendation.
Countries with circular arcs
will have to convert them
into lines.
3D parcels may be useful
now for non-environmental
use cases or in future for
environmental use cases.
To be monitored in future.
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(E) spatial and
temporal aspects
(Topology)
Users generally require
topologically correct cadastral
data (i.e. without topological
gaps and overlaps).
Some countries still have
topological gaps and overlaps
(e.g. when assembling parcels
from 2 cadastral sheets).
TWG CP has adopted the
common cross-TWG solution:
no topologic attributes such as
TP_Face and TP_Edge
topology expressed as constraint
(boundaries of a parcel must form
a closed ring)
recommendation about no
topological gaps nor overlaps.
In some countries,
topological gaps and
overlaps between cadastral
parcels will remain in
INSPIRE.
(E) Spatial and
temporal aspects
(Coverages)
Use of raster data is generally
considered as a “minimum
solution”, e.g. because only raster
data is available or because the
application is only for viewing.
Use of raster data is generally
considered as not practical (big
data volume, not possible to
change symbology, bad results
when zooming, bad quality when
printing, not possible to make
requests or modifications /
simulations)
Most countries have cadastral
parcels as vector data.
Some countries have raster data
on part of their territory but have
vectorisation projects which will
be achieved before 2016
(Croatia, Czech Republic,
Poland).
Some countries have raster data
on part of their territory but have
vectorisation projects whose date
of achievement is unknown
(Bulgaria, France, Slovakia).
At the beginning, TWG CP
envisaged 2 possible options for
cadastral parcels: raster and
vector.
Taking into account that:
-the Commission considers
vectorisation as new data capture
(so no feasibility issue)
-only few countries will/may still
have only raster cadastral data on
part of their territory in 2016
TWG CP has decided to keep
only the vector option.
Even after 2016, some
parts of Europe will/might
not be covered by
cadastral parcels because
only raster data will be
available.
These parts should be
limited to a small number of
countries.
(E) Spatial and
temporal aspects)
(Temporal profile)
Some use cases require historic
cadastral data.
Temporal information at spatial
object level required by many
use cases but it is not very clear
which dates are most relevant.
Historic data not available in all
MS.
WG-CPI considered date of last
update as the most relevant
temporal information.
TWG CP has given priority to
harmonisation of temporal
information between TWG and
has adopted the common crossTWG
solution:
begin/endLifespanVersion
(provided by GCM).
validFrom/validTo (adopted by
other TWGs)
Temporal attributes not
available in each MS.
More detailed information
about history/traceability of
parcels to be found in
national cadastral registers.
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(F) Multi-lingual text
and cultural
adaptibility (content)
In multi-lingual countries, some
use cases require all languages
spoken in the country, including
regional ones.
As cadastral data include very
few geographical names, these
names are generally available
only in one language.
Name (for cadastral zoning) will
be multi-lingual (reference to GN).
Level name (for cadastral
zonings) is required in at least
one of the official languages of
the EC.
(G) Coordinate
referencing and units
model
Currently, users work with
national CRS.
Users need to measure
distances and surfaces, so they
require working with projections
offering few linear alteration.
The INSPIRE context requires
harmonised CRS.
Currently, cadastral data mainly
available in national CRS.
But many MS have already
prepared accurate coordinate
transformations between
national CRS and ETRS89.
TWG CP has required official
CRS defined by TWG RS.
Moreover, TWG CP has
recommended MS to define
relevant projection (or set of
projection) to work with cadastral
parcels.
(H) Object
referencing model
Users widely use cadastral
parcels to reference (in a wide
meaning) other data or
administrative dossiers.
They generally do it using the
parcel identifier and/or the
address. Some also use the
coordinates of centroïd point.
Parcel identifier available in all
European countries (except may
be Iceland).
TWG CP has included in its
application schema for cadastral
parcels both an external identifier
and a thematic one.
TWG CP has not included as
semantic attributes the
coordinates of this reference
point, coordinates may be derived
from geometry by users.
TWG CP has identified the
following risk: if cadastral
parcels are used as
reference data (in D2.5
meaning) for other themes,
it may lead to
inconsistencies due to
different update cycles.
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(I) Data
transformation /
guidelines
The INSPIRE context requires
harmonised specifications.
Cadastral data is subject to lots
of national specificities.
Some specificities are due to
national regulations and it won’t
be possible to make them
change.
TWG CP has tried, through
standardised options, to propose
a UML schema enabling each
country (from TWG CP current
knowledge) to match its existing
cadastral data to common
INSPIRE schema,
Moreover, in data capture
comment, TWG CP has given
some examples about possible
matching rules.
Information lacking about
at least half MS.
Probably, some unknown
national specificities and
difficulties to match with
INSPIRE specifications.
(J) Portrayal Main current use of cadastral
parcels:
- as background data with
a discrete style (grey or
black)
- with orthophoto as
background or on a
coloured screen with a
brighter style.
The INSPIRE context requires a
harmonised default style for view
services.
Generally, the full identifier is not
displayed but only its last part
(e.g. parcel number)
No detailed information about
style. It seems that many
countries use to represent
cadastral parcels in black but
some others use red or other
colours.
TWG CP has decided:
- to add in the application schema
the attribute label for cadastral
parcels and cadastral zonings
- to define some basic styles:
outline of parcels with label on
geometry
outline of parcel with label on
reference point
just the outline of parcels
just the reference point
2 last styles in order to cover a
wider scale range.
Moreover, TWG CP has
recommended (without defining
them) other styles(with
background, if historic data)
May probably be improved
after testing phase.
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(K) Identifier
Management
Users need thematic identifier to
make links with rights, owners
and other information related to
cadastral parcels.
They also need a unique
identifier to use cadastral
parcels as reference data.
INSPIRE Directive requires
unique external identifier;
characteristics defined in the
GCM.
Most MS have only thematic
identifier for cadastral parcels.
TWG CP has included in its
application schema 2 identifiers
with 2 different roles:
-INSPIRE Id: identifying the
cadastral parcel (be unique)
- national cadastral reference:
making link with rights and
owners in national cadastral
registers.
As most countries may
have difficulties to match
with the INSPIRE identifier,
some examples are given
in the data capture
component.
The national cadastral
reference is not really an
identifier as in some cases,
it won’t be unique for
cadastral parcels.
(M) Metadata Main user requirements are
about:
- lineage
- quality (see component
(O))
- temporal info (see
components (E) and (N))
In some countries, lineage
information is heterogeneous in
whole country and is available at
cadastral zoning level or even at
parcel boundary level.
TWG CP has decided:
not to include an attribute about
lineage at spatial object level
(because of multi-lingual issues
and because information not
really interesting)
ask MS to report in detail about
characteristics of their initial
cadastral data (e.g. about
cadastral gaps or overlaps) and
has provided a template for
lineage (annex D).
(N) Maintenance Users generally want to work
with the most updated available
cadastral data.
However, actuality less than one
year is considered enough for
most use cases.
Update frequency varies
according to countries, from
daily update to yearly updates or
less.
Generally, there is some delay
between the change in cadastral
register and the update of
cadastral map.
TWG CP has required MS to
report about the update frequency
of their cadastral data and has
recommended an update
frequency better than one year.
Even with yearly updates,
there may be data with an
actuality worse than one
year.
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(O) Data quality Main user requirements are
about:
- positional accuracy (1m
more frequently quoted)
- semantic accuracy (for
national cadastral
reference)
- topological consistency
(see component (E))
- completeness
MS may have information about
absolute accuracy:
- at data set level
- at cadastral zoning level
- at cadastral point level
- at parcel boundary level
- not at all.
Moreover, many MS have
attribute original map scale
available at cadastral zoning
level. This attribute may give an
idea about relative accuracy.
Generally, no issue about
completeness
TWG CP requires MS to report
about positional accuracy at data
set level.
TWG CP has included the
attributes estimated accuracy (for
cadastral zoning and cadastral
boundary) and original Map Scale
Denominator (for cadastral
zoning) in order to enable MS to
report about this information at
the most relevant level for them.
Accuracy on cadastral points has
been considered as not
meaningful for INSPIRE use
cases.
TWG CP has recommended 1 m
in urban areas and 2,5 m in rural
area (based on Agriculture use
case) for positional accuracy
TWG CP also ask MS to report
about completeness (0%
omission recommended)
Some efforts to be done by
MS:
- for those which do not
have any metadata, to
produce and supply them
- estimated accuracy
generally known in national
CRS but will have to be
provided in ETRS89
(P) Data transfer Current use of industry standards
(shape, MIF/MID, dxf, dgn) or
national standards.
Cadastral data already available
on-line in some countries.
D2.7 requires GML but allows
alternative/additional formats, if
specific requirements.
Current use of industry standards
(shape, MIF/MID, dxf, dgn) or
national standards.
Cadastral data already available
on-line in some countries.
TWG CP has decided to require
only GML:
common cross-TWG decision
the general guess is that
INSPIRE will give great incitation
to GIS providers for including
GML
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(Q) Consistency
between data
(between themes)
Cadastral data often used with
administrative units, orthoimage,
addresses, roads, buildings, ….
In future, combination with DTM.
No clear consistency rule widely
required by users.
Few information on this topic. In the application schema,
association between cadastral
parcels and administrative units
(and between addresses and
cadastral parcels from TWG AD).
Possible recommendation for
annex II and III for data
compatible with cadastral parcels
(orthophoto, DTM) or for
associations (buildings)
(Q)Consistency
between data
(accross boundaries)
Current use of cadastral data at
national level.
Only one example quoted of a
cross-boundary infrastructure
project requiring consistency
across boundaries.
Geometric consistency across
international boundaries seems
difficult to achieve (legal issues).
Even, within a country, it does
not seem so obvious to have
good continuity of cadastral
data.
TWG CP just recommends MS to
do and to report about edgematching
with neighbour data
sets.
(S) Data capturing Users generally want all cadastral
parcels on the area of interest for
their application (e.g. rural for
Agriculture, settlements for urban
planning)
As only one level of detail, no
selection rules required (all
parcels to be published)
Due to national regulations, MS
do not survey and register same
parts of their territory, e.g.
generally no cadastral parcels
on sea (except for instance
Finland) and in some countries,
no cadastral parcels on public
domain.
As only one level of detail, no
selection rules (all parcels are
published)
TWG CP requires MS to publish
for INSPIRE all registered
parcels.
Moreover, TWG CP requires MS
to report about their “cadastral
gaps”
Cadastral parcels will also
miss in countries building
their cadastre (e.g. Greece)
(T)Conformance For input data, users quote
sometimes conformance to
national specifications and once
to ISO standards.
Few information on this topic. TWG CP has applied the
common solution for all TWG :
Conformance is required in
clause 2.8
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Possible evolutions
Links with themes in Annex II and III
− Many users work both with cadastral parcels and orthophoto. When cadastral parcels are
displayed on an orthophoto background, it is better if the result look consistent. This may be
more or less solved by orthophotos of similar resolution and accuracy as cadastral parcels.
− Some users have expressed the requirement (in future) to combine cadastral parcels with 3D
data (DTM, buildings).
− Other TWGs should not recommend using parcels as reference data (in D2.5 meaning)
because it may put strong requirements on temporal aspects for cadastral parcels.
If a TWG recommends using cadastral parcels as reference data (in D2.5 meaning), it would oblige to
keep in INSPIRE historical data. It would be a big requirement, specially for countries (such as France)
which only use dataset versioning, publishing cadastral data at regular dates.
− Many cadastral data sets include information about official land use; this source of existing data
may be worth to be investigated by future TWG Land use.
− This Data Specification does not include 3D cadastral data (because cadastral parcels are
defined as “areas” by the Directive so volumes are excluded) but some 3D cadastral data are
related to building or to utilities network.
Ideally, Data Specification for cadastral Parcels should be reviewed and, if required, updated, once
data specification for themes in annexes II and III have been developed.
Points to be monitored and/or improved
This paragraph lists a few points to be carefully monitored for potential new version(s) of the Data
Specification of theme Cadastral Parcels.
Associations between objects
1 2
3
4
5 6 7
8
9
at date t1
Land use area defined as set of
parcels 1, 2, 5, 6, 8
1 2
3
4
5 7
8
9
x y
At date t2
Parcel 6 has been split
The user can not completely build Land
use area because parcel 6 missing
Land use area
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TWG CP has now modelled all associations as uni-directional. Implementation may raise new needs
which are not covered by this model. It is possible that some associations need to be bi-directional to
be able to fulfil some use cases.
TWG CP also recommends checking the multiplicities between associations to find if the model
corresponds to the situation of real world, e.g. about the usage of void.
Single area – Multi-surface
TWG CP understanding is that, to be good locators of geo-information, cadastral parcels shall be
single areas (GM_Surface). It is generally the case but unfortunately with few exceptions: some
countries have a small percentage of multi-surface parcels. It is why TWG CP has recommended the
use of GM_Surface but has allowed the use of GM_MultiSurface.
These countries with multi-surface parcels are often in a (slow) process of transforming these multisurface
parcels into single areas. The feasibility issue about the use of only GM_Surface may
disappear in future.
If it is the case, INSPIRE specifications should be modified and geometry of all cadastral parcels
should be GM_Surface.
Circular arcs – Simple Feature
The Generic Conceptual Model recommends the use of Simple Feature profile, this profile using only
linear interpolations. But, some countries use circular arcs or circular interpolations and are very
reluctant to move to linear interpolations.
The drawback of imposing Simple Feature was obvious (extra-cost for producers), the drawback of
allowing circular arcs or interpolations was not so obvious, as different TWG CP members had
different experiences and points of view on this topic. It is why TWG CP has only recommended (and
not required) the Simple Feature profile.
However, experience is lacking about how users will receive and manage these circular arcs or
interpolations in the INSPIRE context (e.g. with changes of CRS). This point should be monitored and
if big issues on this topic, decision about Simple Feature might have to be reconsidered.
Temporal aspects
Some use cases (e.g. Soil Directive) require historic data and traceability of cadastral parcels. TWG
CP has adopted the cross-theme solution: 2 attributes for lifespan in the dataset and 2 attributes for
lifespan in the real world.
It has to be monitored if this set of attributes is widely used or not and if it is enough for user
requirements.
Template for lineage
The template from lineage aims to complement the INSPIRE specifications in the documentation of an
INSPIRE compliant cadastral data set. But currently, practical experience is still missing about what
data producers want to explain about their (INSPIRE) cadastral data and even more about what users
want to know, what they need as documentation of these (INSPIRE) cadastral data.
Portrayal
TWG CP has proposed some basic styles to portray cadastral data, in view services. These styles
may be improved and other styles may be required, for more specific uses.
New feature type: sub-parcel (or plot)
This feature type has been required only by one use case (1 check-list among the 20) and so, not
included in the INSPIRE specifications. However, this potential feature type is in the INSPIRE scope
and user requirements may come later (especially during the development of specification for theme
land use). If it is the case, this feature type should be added to the theme Cadastral Parcel.
New standard
The new ISO 19152 standard LADM is currently being developed. It deals with land administration in
general and includes cadastral parcels. Its scope is wider than the scope of cadastral parcels in
INSPIRE (see annex C). If there are requirement and consensus to extend Data Specification for
Cadastral Parcels LADM may for instance propose harmonisation solutions.