C2110 UNIX and programming Lesson 3 / Module 3 -1C2110
UNIX and programming
Petr Kulhanek
kulhanek@chemi.muni.cz
National Center for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science
Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-62500 Brno
Lesson 3 / Module 3
PS / 2020 Distance form of teaching: Rev2
C2110 UNIX and programming Lesson 3 / Module 3 -2-
Virtualization
➢ What is Virtualization
➢ Typical Use
➢ Overview of Hypervisors
➢ Installing Ubuntu OS into a Virtual Machine
(VirtualBox)
C2110 UNIX and programming Lesson 3 / Module 3 -3Virtualization
- Hypervisor
HardwareHardware
Host OS
Hypervisor
OS
1
OS
2
OS
3
Virtualization are procedures and techniques that allow access to available resources in a
different way than they physically exist. Virtualization can be done on different levels, from
the whole computer (so-called virtual machine), its individual hardware components (e.g.,
virtual processors, virtual memory, etc.), or only the software environment (virtualization
of operating system).
source: www.wikipedia.org
Hypervisor - virtual machine administrator
Guest OS (in a virtual machine)
C2110 UNIX and programming Lesson 3 / Module 3 -4Advantages
of Virtualization
• More virtual machines (each may have a different OS installed) on one physical machine.
• Physical hardware performance is better utilized (lower operating costs).
• Easier backup. The status of virtual machines can be recorded in the so-called snapshots,
from which the virtual machine can be restored.
• Teleportation. Virtual machines can be transferred between two physical machines with a
minimum downtime of the virtual machine. This is suitable for replacing defective
hardware or its upgrade.
• Easier testing of OS.
C2110 UNIX and programming Lesson 3 / Module 3 -5Overview
of Virtualization Tools
VirtualBox www.virtualbox.org
Supported host OS: MS Windows, Mac OS X, Linux
License: freeware + proprietary extension for non-commercial use
KVM included in Linux kernel
Supported host OS: Linux
Support programs: virt-manager, qemu
License: freeware
VMWare http: // www.vmware.com/
Supported host OS: MS Windows, Linux
License: commercial
HW virtualization support
For efficient run of the virtual machine, the host CPU must contain virtualization
instructions (Intel VT-x or AMD-v). This support must be enabled (setting in BIOS).
C2110 UNIX and programming Lesson 3 / Module 3 -6Starting
Virtual Machine
virtual machine with MS Windows 10VirtualBox - Virtual machine administrator
C2110 UNIX and programming Lesson 3 / Module 3 -7Shutting
Down Virtual Machine
right way to shutdown
wrong way to
shutdown
C2110 UNIX and programming Lesson 3 / Module 3 -8Control
of Virtual Machine
Switch to/from Fullscreen
Host = (right Ctrl key)
(under MSWindows and Linux)
Press the Ctrl+Alt+Del keys
C2110 UNIX and programming Lesson 3 / Module 3 -9-
Homework
➢ Installing Ubuntu 18.04 LTS
C2110 UNIX and programming Lesson 3 / Module 3 -10Installing
Ubuntu 18.04 LTS
➢ Install the program VirtualBox (http: // www.virtualbox.org).
➢ Download the installation image for the Ubuntu OS in the form of an iso image.
http: // www.ubuntu.com/
Ubuntu 18.04 LTS (Ubuntu Desktop)
➢ Create a virtual machine in VirtualBox manager
choose the Linux OS and version Ubuntu
the rest of the settings should be left at the default values
➢ Starting the virtual machine for the first time
the first time you start the virtual machine, you will be asked to insert the
installation media, we will insert the media into the virtual OS in the form
iso image - file with extension .iso - (icon on the right and selection of the
downloaded installation image)
➢ System installation
after starting the installer from the installation media, follow the installation
wizard