LECTURE 1a
• Is my protein folded?
• 3D structure determination
• Specific structural details
• Intermolecular interactions
• Molecular motions (hydrodynamics, internal)
• Kinetics and thermodynamics
• In vivo measurements
• Spatial resolution
• Solubility
• Stability
• Stable isotope labeling
• Scaling up production
• Size
• Separation from impurities
• Salt content
LECTURE 1b
Dirac-like nuclei:
10−9γ
rad s−1
T−1 % in Nature
e− −182.000 100
1H 0.277 99.98
13C 0.067 1.1
15N −0.027 0.4
19F 0.252 100
31P 0.108 100
129Xe −0.075 24.4
rare isotopes (require enrichment)
Magnetic moment
µ = −γI
Energy
E = −µ · B = −|µ||B| cos θ
B
θ µ = γI
Angular precession frequency ω = −γB
B
ω
µ = γI
M = (µ1 + µ2 + µ3 + µ4 + µ5 + µ6 + · · ·)/V Magnetization
Spherical coordinates
z
x
y
r
θ
φ
Magnetic moments in magnetic field
Longitudinal polarization
Flipping magnetization
Transverse polarization
B
x
y
z
NMR Signal
Coil
Mx
t
My
t