Revised: 6–April–2009  |  MP 34955
Table 1. Contents and storage information.
Material Amount Storage Stability
Individual Kits: Blue, violet, aqua, yellow-, green, red,
far red, or near-IR fluorescent reactive dye
(Component A)
5 vials, each
≤–20°C•	
Desiccate•	
Protect from light•	
When stored as directed, kit
components are stable for at least
6 months.
Sampler Kit: Blue, violet, aqua, yellow, green,
red, far red, and near-IR fluorescent reactive dye
(Components A–H)
1 vial of each dye
(8 total)
Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), anhydrous (Component B
in Individual Kits, Component I in Sampler Kit)
500 µL
Number of assays: Each individual kit provides sufficient material for approximately 200 flow cytometry assays, 40 assays per vial of
the reactive dye. The Sampler Kit contains one vial of each fluorescent reactive dye with 40 assays per vial of the reactive dye, for a total
of 320 assays per kit.
Approximate fluorescence excitation/emission maxima: See Table 2.
LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Dead Cell Stain Kits
Introduction
The LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Dead Cell Stain Kits use a novel method to evaluate the viability of
mammalian cells by flow cytometry. These assays are based on the reaction of a fluorescent
reactive dye with cellular amines. The reactive dye can permeate the compromised
membranes of necrotic cells and react with free amines both in the interior and on the cell
surface, resulting in intense fluorescent staining. In contrast, only the cell-surface amines of
viable cells are available to react with the dye, resulting in relatively dim staining (Figure 1).
The difference in intensity between the live and dead cell populations is typically greater than
50-fold (Figure 2). The discrimination is completely preserved following fixation of the sample
by formaldehyde, under conditions that inactivate pathogens. Moreover, these single-color
assays use only one channel of a flow cytometer, leaving the other channels available for
multicolor experiments. The assays can also be used to detect dead cells by microscopy;
however, the difference in fluorescence intensity of the live and dead cells can be appreciable,
making it relatively difficult to simultaneously photograph the two populations.
The single-color LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Dead Cell Stain Kits are identical except for the
fluorescent color of the included dye—blue, violet, aqua, yellow, green, red, far red, or near‑IR
(infra red). Cells labeled by green fluorescent or red fluorescent reactive dye (L23101 and
L23102, respectively) are excited by the 488 nm line of an argon-ion laser; green fluorescence
is typically detected in the green channel of the flow cytometer (530/30 nm) and red
fluorescence is detected in the red channel (630/30 nm). The blue fluorescent reactive dye
(L23105) requires UV (350–360 nm) excitation with fluorescence emission read at ~450 nm.
The violet fluorescent reactive dye (L34955) requires violet (~405 nm) excitation with
LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Dead Cell Stain Kits  |  2
fluorescence emission read at ~440 nm. The aqua fluorescent reactive dye (L34957) is
efficiently excited with ~405 nm light (or UV light) and has fluorescence emission monitored
at ~525 nm. The yellow fluorescent reactive dye (L34959) requires violet (~405 nm)
excitation with fluorescence emission read at ~575 nm (appropriate channels for the
violet-excitable reactive dyes may vary depending on the instrument). The far red (L10120)
and near-IR (L10119) fluorescent reactive dyes are excited at 633/635 nm with fluorescence
emission monitored at 665 nm and 775 nm, respectively. The LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Dead
Cell Stain Sampler Kit (L34960) contains one vial of each of the eight different fluorescent
reactive dyes.
Invitrogen also offers a LIVE/DEAD® Reduced Biohazard Cell Viability Kit (L7013) for
determining cell viability. It is based on a different staining principle using two dyes of
different colors, and is described separately. For additional information, visit
www.invitrogen.com.
Figure 1. Principle of the LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Dead Cell Stain Kits. Live cells (left) react with the kit’s fluorescent reactive
dye only on their surface to yield weakly fluorescent cells. Cells with compromised membranes (right) react with
the dye throughout their volume, yielding brightly stained cells. In both cases, the excess reactive dye is subsequently
washed away.
Reactive dye Excitation source Ex* Em*
blue fluorescent reactive dye (L23105) UV 350 450
violet fluorescent reactive dye (L34955) 405 nm 416 451
aqua fluorescent reactive dye (L34957) 405 nm 367 526
yellow fluorescent reactive dye (L34959) 405 nm 400 575
green fluorescent reactive dye (L23101) 488 nm 495 520
red fluorescent reactive dye (L23102) 488 nm 595 615
far red fluorescent reactive dye (L10120) 633/635 nm 650 665
near-IR fluorescent reactive dye (L10119) 633/635 nm 750 775
*Approximate fluorescence excitation (Ex) and emission (Em) maxima, in nm.
Table 2. Approximate fluorescence excitation and emission maxima for the LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Dead Cell Stain
single-color dyes.
LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Dead Cell Stain Kits  |  3
LIVE/DEAD®
Fixable Yellow
stain fluorescence
Numberofcellscounted
101
0
50
100
150
200
102
103
104
105
Figure 2. Live and dead cells distinguished by flow cytometry. Each of the LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Dead Cell Stain Kits was used to differentially stain a mixture of live (left
peak) and heat-treated Jurkat cells (right peak) according to the protocol provided in this document (Panel A, LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Blue Stain Kit with UV excitation
and ~440 nm emission; Panel B, LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Violet Stain Kit with violet excitation and ~440 nm emission; Panel C, LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Aqua Dead Cell Stain
Kit using 405 nm excitation and ~525 nm emission; Panel D, LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Yellow Stain Kit with 405 nm excitation and ~575 nm emission; Panel E, LIVE/DEAD®
Fixable Green Stain Kit with 488 nm excitation and ~525 nm emission; Panel F, LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Red Stain Kit with 488 nm excitation and ~585 nm emission; Panel
G, LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Far Red Stain Kit with 633 nm excitation and ~660 nm emission; and Panel H, LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Near-IR Stain Kit with 633 nm excitation
and ~780 nm emission). Following the staining reaction, the cells were fixed in 3.7% formaldehyde and analyzed by flow cytometry. The live cell population is easily
distinguished from the killed population, and nearly identical results were obtained using unfixed cells (data not shown).
A B
D
E
C
103
102
104
105
50
75
125
100
150
25
0
LIVE/DEAD®
Fixable Far Red stain
fluorescence
Numberofcellscounted
G
LIVE/DEAD®
Fixable Near-IR stain
fluorescence
Numberofcellscounted
103
102
104
105
50
75
100
25
0
H
F
LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Dead Cell Stain Kits  |  4
Before You Begin
Allow the reagents to warm to room temperature before opening the vials.
Materials Required but
Not Provided Phosphate buffered saline (PBS)•	
PBS with 1% bovine serum albumin (BSA)•	
Formaldehyde•	
AbC™ Anti-Mouse Bead Kit (if calculating compensation in multicolor•	
immunophenotyping experiments using mouse antibodies)
ArC™ Amine Reactive Compensation Bead Kit (if calculating compensation in multicolor•	
experiments using a LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Dead Cell Stain)
Caution DMSO is hazardous; avoid contact with skin and eyes and do not swallow. Handle reagents
containing DMSO using equipment and practices appropriate for the hazards posed by such
materials.
Experimental Protocols
The following protocol has been used successfully in our laboratories to differentially stain
live and dead cells and then to fix the cells in formaldehyde for subsequent analysis by flow
cytometry. Excellent results have been obtained with a variety of cell types, including: Jurkat,
MDCK, COLO205, CHO-K1, K-562, HeLa, P3X, 3T3, B35, BPAC, CHO-M1, A549, MMM,
MRC5, U205, U266, 293 MSR, and RAW tissue-culture cell lines and human peripheral blood
lymphocytes. If another staining reaction is to be performed on the same sample, determine
the optimal staining sequence for the two procedures and whether or not the additional
staining reaction will tolerate fixation by formaldehyde.
Dye Preparation For convenience, the reactive dye in each individual kit is supplied in five separate vials, while
the sampler kit contains one vial of each reactive dye. Each vial provides sufficient material
for staining at least 40 cell samples. However, once reconstituted, the DMSO solution of
reactive dye is somewhat unstable, especially if exposed to moisture. Unused portions may be
used for up to 2 weeks if stored at ≤–20°C, protected from light and moisture.
	 1.1 	Bring one vial of the fluorescent reactive dye (Component A) and the vial of anhydrous
DMSO (Component B) to room temperature before removing the caps.
	 1.2 	Add 50 µL of DMSO to the vial of reactive dye. Mix well and visually confirm that all of the
dye has dissolved.
	 1.3 	Use the solution of reactive dye as soon as possible (see below), ideally within a few hours
of reconstitution.
Staining the Cells Buffers appropriate for cell staining include phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), Hanks’ Balanced
Salt Solution (HBSS), and Dulbecco’s PBS (D-PBS), without extraneous proteins such as
bovine serum albumin or serum. When using an amino-reactive dye, for example the violet
fluorescent reactive dye (Cat. no. L34955), Tris buffers and solutions containing sodium azide
or extraneous protein should not be used for cell resuspension and washing.
LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Dead Cell Stain Kits  |  5
	 2.1 	Centrifuge a sample of cells in suspension containing at least 1 × 106
cells. Discard the
supernatant.
	 2.2 	Wash the cells once with 1 mL of PBS.
	 2.3 	Resuspend the cells in 1 mL of PBS.
	 2.4 	Count the cells and adjust the density with PBS to 1 × 106
cells in a 1 mL volume.
	 2.5 	Add 1 µL of the reconstituted fluorescent reactive dye (from step 1.3) to 1 mL of the cell
suspension and mix well.
	 2.6 	Incubate at room temperature or on ice for 30 minutes, protected from light.
Note: If fixation is not required, then you can skip the steps 2.7–2.10 below. Instead, wash the
cells twice with 1 mL of PBS with 1% bovine serum albumin, and resupend in 1 mL of PBS
with 1% bovine serum albumin.
	 2.7 	Wash the cells once with 1 mL of PBS, and resuspend the cells in 900 µL of PBS.
	 2.8 	Add 100 µL of 37% formaldehyde.
	 2.9 	Incubate at room temperature for 15 minutes.
	 2.10 	Wash once with 1 mL of PBS with 1% bovine serum albumin, and resuspend the cells in 1 mL
of PBS with 1% bovine serum albumin.
	 2.11 	Analyze the fixed cell suspension by flow cytometry using the appropriate excitation and
detection channel (these may vary depending on instrument used):
Blue fluorescent reactive dye uses UV excitation and ~450 nm emission (450/50 nm or•	
other filter)
Violet fluorescent reactive dye uses 405 nm excitation and ~450 nm emission (450/50 nm•	
or other filter)
Aqua fluorescent reactive dye uses 405 nm excitation and ~525 nm emission (525/50 nm•	
or other filter)
Yellow fluorescent reactive dye uses 405 nm excitation and ~575 nm emission (575/26 nm,•	
585/42 nm, or similar filter)
Green fluorescent reactive dye uses 488 nm excitation and ~530 nm emission (530/30 nm•	
or other filter)
Red fluorescent reactive dye uses 488 nm excitation and ~ 585 nm emission (585/42 nm,•	
610/20 nm, or other filter)
Far red fluorescent reactive dye uses 633/635 nm excitation and ~660 nm emission•	
Near-IR fluorescent reactive dye uses 633/635 nm excitation and ~780 nm emission•	
Intracellular Staining This procedure is completely compatible with common fixation and permeabilization
methods for performing intracellular staining for flow cytometry. The procedure for staining
with a LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Dead Cell Stain combined with immunophenotyping is as
follows:
	 3.1	 Centrifuge a sample of cells in suspension containing at least 1 × 106
cells. Discard the
supernatant.
	 3.2 	Wash the cells once with 1 mL of PBS.
	 3.3 	Resuspend the cells in 1 mL of PBS.
	 3.4 	Count the cells and adjust the density with PBS to 1 × 106
cells in a 1 mL volume.
LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Dead Cell Stain Kits  |  6
	 3.5 	Add 1 mL of the reconstituted fluorescent reactive dye (from step 1.3) to 1 mL of the cell
suspension and mix well.
	 3.6 	Incubate at room temperature or on ice for 30 minutes, protected from light.
	 3.7 	Wash the cells with 1 mL of PBS and resuspend in 100 μl of PBS.
	 3.8 	Stain as usual for surface markers, and incubate for desired time for antibody staining.
	 3.9 	Wash the cells with PBS and resuspend in 900 μl of PBS
	 3.10 	Add 100 mL of 37% formaldehyde.
	 3.11 	Incubate at room temperature for 15 minutes.
	 3.12	 Wash once with 1 mL of PBS with 1% bovine serum albumin, and resuspend the cells in
100 mL of PBS with 1% bovine serum albumin.
	 3.11 	Add permeabilization reagent and stain as usual for intracellular markers. Incubate for
desired time for antibody staining.
	 3.12 	Wash once with 1 mL of PBS with 1% bovine serum albumin, and resuspend the cells in 1 mL
of PBS with 1% bovine serum albumin.
	 3.13 	Analyze the fixed cell suspension by flow cytometry using the appropriate excitation and
detection channel (from step 2.11)
Compensation Using ArC™
Amine Reactive Beads The ArC™ Amine Reactive Compensation Bead Kit is designed to facilitate compensation
when using any of the LIVE/DEAD® fixable dead cell stains, providing a consistent, accurate
and simple-to-use technique for the setting of flow cytometry compensation. The ArC™
Amine Reactive Compensation Bead Kit includes two types of specially modified polystyrene
microspheres to allow easy compensation of the LIVE/DEAD® fixable stains: the ArC™
reactive beads (Component A), which bind any of the amine-reactive dyes, and the ArC™
negative beads (Component B), which have no reactivity. After incubation with any aminereactive
dye, the two kit components will provide distinct positive and negative populations
of beads that can be used to set compensation. We recommend the following protocol for
using ArC™ Amine Reactive Compensation Bead Kit for compensation:
	 4.1. 	Gently vortex ArC™ Amine Reactive Compensation Bead Kit components for 30 seconds to
completely resuspend before use.
	 4.2. 	Add 1 drop of ArC™ reactive beads (Component A) to a labeled sample tube.
	 4.3. 	Allow ArC™ reactive beads to sit in the tube for 5 minutes to warm to room temperature.
	 4.4. 	Prepare fluorescent amine-reactive dye according to instructions included in the
LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Dead Cell Kit. For optimal performance of the ArC™ reactive beads, use
freshly prepared amine-reactive dye. Do not use previously frozen dye solution.
	 4.5. 	Add the amount of LIVE/DEAD® fixable dead cell stain listed in Table 3 to the bead
suspension and mix well. Make sure to deposit the amine-reactive dye directly to the bead
suspension.
LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Dead Cell Stain Kits  |  7
	 4.6. 	Incubate for 30 minutes at room temperature, protected from light.
	 4.7. 	Add 3 mL of PBS or other buffer to sample tube. Centrifuge for 5 minutes at 300 × g.
	 4.8. 	Carefully remove all the supernatant from tube. If using the red fluorescent reactive dye
(Cat. no. L23102), repeat step 4.7.
	 4.9. 	Resuspend bead pellet by adding 0.5 mL of buffer to sample tube
	 4.10. 	Add one drop of ArC™ negative beads (Component B) to sample tube. Mix thoroughly.
	 4.11. 	Vortex tubes before analyzing using flow cytometry.
	 4.12. 	Perform manual or automatic compensation according to the preferred procedure for
the flow cytometer in use. Gate on the bead singlet population based on FSC and SSC
characteristics.
Combining ArC™ and AbC™ Kits The AbC™ Anti-Mouse Bead Kit provides a consistent, accurate, and simple-to-use technique
for the setting of flow cytometry compensation when using fluorochrome-conjugated mouse
antibodies. The kit contains two types of specially modified polystyrene microspheres: the
AbC™ capture beads (Component A) that bind all isotypes of mouse immunoglobulin, and the
negative beads (Component B) that have no antibody binding capacity. After incubating with
a fluorochrome-conjugated mouse antibody, the two components provide distinct positive
and negative populations of beads that you can use to set compensation. You can use the
AbC™ Anti-Mouse Bead Kit and the ArC™ Amine Reactive Compensation Bead Kit together
to calculate compensation in multicolor immunophenotyping experiments that incorporate a
LIVE/DEAD® fixable dye by following the protocol outlined below:
	 5.1. 	Gently vortex the ArC™ Amine Reactive Compensation Bead Kit and the AbC™ Anti-Mouse
Bead Kit components for 30 seconds to completely resuspend before use.
	 5.2. 	Label a sample tube for the amine-reactive dye you are using and add 1 drop of ArC™ reactive
beads (Component A in the ArC™ Amine Reactive Compensation Bead Kit) to the labeled
sample tube. Allow ArC™ reactive beads to sit in the tube for 5 minutes to warm to room
temperature.
	 5.3.	 Prepare fluorescent reactive dye according to kit instructions included in the LIVE/DEAD®
Fixable Dead Cell Stain Kit. For optimal performance of ArC™ reactive beads, always use
freshly prepared amine-reactive dye. Do not use previously frozen dye solution.
	 5.4.	 Add the amount of LIVE/DEAD® fixable dead cell stain listed in Table 3 to the bead
suspension and mix well. Make sure to deposit the amine-reactive dye directly to the bead
suspension.
Table 3. Amount of amine-reactive LIVE/DEAD® fixable dead cell stain for
use with ArC™ reactive beads
Amine-reactive dye for use with
ArC™ Reactive Beads
Amount
LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Blue stain 3 µL
LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Violet stain 1 µL
LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Aqua stain 3 µL
LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Yellow stain 3 µL
LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Green stain 3 µL
LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Red stain 1 µL
LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Far Red stain 3 µL
LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Near-IR stain 1 µL
LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Dead Cell Stain Kits  |  8
	 5.5.	 Label another sample tube for each fluorochrome-conjugated antibody you are using, and
add 1 drop of AbC™ capture beads (Component A in the AbC™ Anti-Mouse Bead Kit) to each
labeled tube.
	 5.6.	 Add a pre-titrated amount of antibody conjugate to the appropriate tube and mix well. Make
sure to deposit the antibody directly to the bead suspension.
	 5.7.	 Incubate for 30 minutes at room temperature, protected from light.
	 5.8.	 Add 3 mL of PBS or other buffer to each sample tube. Centrifuge at 300 × g for 5 minutes to
collect beads.
	 5.9.	 Carefully remove all supernatant from each tube. If using the red fluorescent reactive dye
(Cat. no. L23102), repeat step 5.8 for that tube.
	 5.10.	 Resuspend bead pellet by adding 0.5 mL of staining buffer to each sample tube.
	 5.11.	 Add one drop of negative beads (Component B in the AbC™ Anti-Mouse Bead Kit) to sample
tube(s) containing the AbC™ capture beads.
	 5.12.	 Add one drop of ArC™ negative beads (Component B in the ArC™ Amine Reactive
Compensation Bead Kit) to sample tube(s) containing the ArC™ reactive beads.
	 5.13.	 Vortex tubes before analyzing using flow cytometry.
	 5.14.	 Perform manual or automatic compensation according to the preferred procedure for
the flow cytometer in use. Gate on the bead singlet population based on FSC and SSC
characteristics.
References
1. J Immunol Methods 313, 199 (2006). 2. Blood 111, 1344 (2008). 3. J Immunol 180, 774 (2008).
LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Dead Cell Stain Kits  |  9
Contact Information
Molecular Probes, Inc.
29851 Willow Creek Road
Eugene, OR 97402
Phone: (541) 465-8300
Fax: (541) 335-0504
Customer Service:
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probestech@invitrogen.com
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Product List	 Current prices may be obtained from our website or from our Customer Service Department.
Cat. no. Product Name Unit Size
L10119 LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Near-IR Dead Cell Stain Kit *for 633/635 nm excitation* *200 assays*  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  1 kit
L10120 LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Far Red Dead Cell Stain Kit *for 633/635 nm excitation* *200 assays*  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  1 kit
L23101 LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Green Dead Cell Stain Kit *for 488 nm excitation* *200 assays* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  1 kit
L23102 LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Red Dead Cell Stain Kit *for 488 nm excitation* *200 assays*  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  1 kit
L23105 LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Blue Dead Cell Stain Kit *for UV excitation* *200 assays*  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  1 kit
L34955 LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Violet Dead Cell Stain Kit *for 405 nm excitation* *200 assays* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  1 kit
L34957 LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Aqua Dead Cell Stain Kit *for 405 nm excitation* *200 assays* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  1 kit
L34959 LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Yellow Dead Cell Stain Kit *for 405 nm excitation* *200 assays* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  1 kit
L34960 LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Dead Cell Stain Sampler Kit *for flow cytometry* *320 assays* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  1 kit
Related Products
A10344 AbC™ Anti-Mouse Bead Kit *for mouse antibody capture* *for flow cytometry* *100 tests* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  1 kit
A10346 ArC™ Amine Reactive Compensation Bead Kit *for use with amine reactive dyes * *for flow cytometry compensation* *100 tests* . .  1 kit
L7013 LIVE/DEAD® Reduced Biohazard Cell Viability Kit #1 *green and red fluorescence* *100 assays*  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 kit
GAS-003 Fixation and Permeabilization, 1 × 5 mL *for 50 tests* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  50 tests
GAS-004 Fixation and Permeabilization, 4 × 5 mL *for 200 tests* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  200 tests
GAS001S-100 Fixation Medium - Bulk, (MEDIUM A),1 × 100 mL Fixation Medium *for 1000 tests* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  1000 tests
GAS002S-100 Permeabilization Medium - Bulk, (MEDIUM B),1 × 100 mL Permeabilization Medium *for 1000 tests* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  1000 tests
FB001 IC Fixation Buffer  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  100 mL
PB001 IC Permeabilization Buffer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 × 125 mL