First, a bit more about vision and eyes • • Evolutionists thought eyes evolved many times independently • However, discovery of Eyeless/PAX6 suggests eyes are all evolutionarily related Eyeless/PAX6 suggests eyes are all evolutionarily related • Ramon y Cajal saw that insect and vertebrate eyes have similar neuron types • • • • • Vertebrate and fly first visual synapses are both large and multiple contact Some transcriptional regulators of eye cell types and opsin genes are conserved • • • Lecture 9. Olfaction, learning and memory. 22.11.24 ] • • • • ] • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Honeybee mushroom bodies, 200,000 Kenyon cells • • • Stupid fly mutants named after vegetables • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •