MUNI Mindful Minds

Week One – Waking Up to the Autopilot

This week, we invite you to start paying more attention and becoming aware of how our mind often operates automatically in a sort of "autopilot" mode. Acting automatically is very practical, and in many ways, it saves us time and energy in our daily lives. It is a learned way of thinking and reacting that brings us a tremendous evolutionary advantage in many areas of life. For example, we don't have to learn every day how to tie shoelaces, solve mathematical problems, or recognize the faces of our loved ones. Autopilot is our great ally! However, the problem arises when we lose awareness that we are under its influence and when it takes control to solve the problems of our inner life. We can easily end up not only automatically eating and moving but also thinking without being aware of what we are doing.

For instance, when we are moving from point A to point B and during this journey, we automatically look at our mobile phone (or get lost in thoughts about the past or future), we lose a part of our life due to our automatic settings. It's as if we only live the parts of our life and being that we have decided in advance are worth living. And what about the rest? Take a moment to reflect on that. 

  • Is washing dishes also part of our life, or is it better to escape into fantasy? 
  • Is a boring lecture also a part of life, or is daydreaming preferable? 
  • Are our relationships, which may sometimes seem dull, also part of our life? 
Is life only about what is pleasant and exciting? And what if our habits of the mind, namely, escaping and not paying attention to anything unpleasant, also extend to the parts of life that matter to us? What if we're missing out on our friends, family, and important moments in life just because they appear mundane or ordinary?

"Realizing what is happening in our lives right now represents a way to step out of the autopilot mode."


The central focus of this week will be the Body and Breath Meditation, during which you will repeatedly bring your attention back to your body and breath. The body and breath are our great allies! There is no inhalation from yesterday or exhalation from tomorrow; it is precisely this inhalation or exhalation and the associated bodily sensations that connect us with the present moment. 

Practicing this is a necessary path for us to calm our minds and gain the opportunity to see how it functions automatically. 

"In order to get somewhere, we must first learn to stop and understand where we are and how we arrive at that point in our lives."


Let's now take a step-by-step look at every practice that we will be engaging in during the following week.


1. The Chocolate Meditation

Introduction

Practice with a recording (see link below) or read through and let yourself be guided by the steps below. If you don't eat chocolate, you can practice with a dried cranberry, a piece of fresh fruit, or vegetables. Or with something you enjoy.

Set aside five to ten minutes for yourself during this week when you can be alone and undisturbed. First, just read through this short guide so that your phone doesn't interrupt you. Please try to dedicate at least 20 to 30 seconds to each of the following steps.

  1. Touch - take a piece of chocolate in your hand and place it on your palm. Try to become aware of its weight on your palm. Notice its texture and how it feels to the touch.
  2. Sight - imagine that you have never seen such a piece of chocolate before. Notice its color, shades, and how it is broken.
  3. Smell - try to smell the chocolate. What does it smell like?
  4. Taste - slowly put the chocolate in your mouth. Notice what your lips are doing and where the chocolate is in your mouth. Without starting to chew, become aware of how it feels to have chocolate in your mouth. Notice the initial taste, how it slowly dissolves. Notice what it feels like to intentionally bite into the chocolate. How does it feel in your mouth, how does its shape and texture change? Don't swallow the chocolate yet.
  5. Swallowing - notice when the first urge arises to swallow the chocolate. Become aware of what your tongue, lips, and other muscles are doing and how the chocolate slowly travels to your stomach.
  6. Lingering - please spend a few moments noticing how the experience of eating chocolate lingers within you. Do you still taste it? Does the desire for another bite arise? Are there any other sensations or feelings?

Adapted from "Mindfulness: Finding Peace in a Frantic World" (Williams & Penman, 2011: 55).

The first exercise with chocolate showed us what it's like when we step out of the automatic mode of our minds and shift full attention to our senses. The time we spend eating can thus be approached consciously, as a meditative practice. This doesn't mean we can't engage in conversation or have a chat. By intentionally involving our senses in eating, we anchor ourselves in the present moment, and you may find that even the conversations you have become richer. This is because you will be more present with the person you're talking to. 

If possible, try having one meal a day in silence without distractions like TV or radio, truly dedicating your attention to the food. Notice its colors, shapes, and flavors. Perhaps thoughts will come to you, like where the food comes from and how many people were involved in bringing it to your table. Pay attention to the first bite. How do you perceive it? And how does the third or fifth taste? Is there any difference?


2. Mindfulness of Body and Breath Meditation

Introduction

Practice twice a day using a recording (see link below) until you become familiar with the practice. You can also read through the steps below (some find it helpful to have a textual guide as well).

  1. Sit in a position where your back is upright and dignified, and you feel comfortable, without stiffness or tension. If you are sitting on a chair, avoid crossing your legs and place your feet flat on the ground. Feel the sensations where your feet touch the floor. If it feels comfortable, close your eyes. If you prefer not to close your eyes, lower your gaze and focus it about a meter in front of you. If you choose to practice lying down, lie on your back, uncross your legs, allow them to comfortably separate, and keep your arms alongside your body without touching it. If it feels comfortable, keep your palms facing upward. Remember that during lying meditation, we tend to fall asleep, so we recommend using this position only if your body requires it and keeping your eyes slightly open.
  2. Shift your attention to the points of contact between your body and what you are sitting or lying on. Take a moment to fully sense these points of contact.
  3. Imagine your attention as a cone of flashlight that you aim at your feet. Allow your attention to permeate through your entire feet, being aware of the physical sensations present there, as they arise moment by moment. There may be no sensations, and that's okay too. There is no need to judge or create sensations, just observe everything.
  4. Now, allow your attention to encompass the entire legs, from the feet up to the hips. If it helps, imagine the cone of flashlight expanding and embracing your legs from bottom to top. Then, move your attention through the pelvic area and permeate your attention through the entire torsoshoulders, and both arms. Notice your spineneck, and head.
  5. Rest in the awareness of your body as a whole for a minute or two. See if it's possible to allow all sensations to be as they are. Even one moment of seeing things as they are without the urge to change them can be incredibly enriching.
  6. Now, shift your attention to the area of the abdomen and become aware of how the body breathes. Every inhalation and exhalation. Notice how the abdominal wall expands with each inhalation and contracts with each exhalation. Be aware of the arising sensations accompanying the breath. There is no need to control the breath, just observe it. Allow the breath to breathe itself.
  7. After a while, you will notice that the mind wanders. It simply travels somewhere else, perhaps to things you were supposed to do but didn't, or things you are looking forward to. It's okay, it happens. Gently and patiently redirect your attention back to your breath. Again and again, whenever the mind wanders, gently and slowly bring it back.
  8. Practice for about 8 minutes, but if you wish, you can practice for longer.

Adapted from "Mindfulness: Finding Peace in a Frantic World" (Williams & Penman, 2011: 82).

Tips for those of you who find focusing on the breath challenging

Instead of focusing on the rising and falling of the abdomen during breathing, try to concentrate on the sensations of breathing in the nostrils or in the area above the upper lip. 

  • Notice how the air entering through the nostrils feels cooler, and the exhaled air is slightly warmer.

Another approach to breath awareness is counting the inhalations and exhalations

  • This method can be used when our minds are restless. Try counting either the inhalations or the exhalations. People often find that counting the inhalations gives them more energy, while counting the exhalations tends to be calming. You can mentally count the inhalations or exhalations up to ten. Once you reach ten, start again from the beginning.

Another option is a more playful way of observing your breath. 

  • If you are motivated by achieving goals, you can try a little game. Set a target milestone, such as counting to ten for each inhalation or exhalation, but every time the mind gets distracted, you have to start counting again from the beginning. 
Try out all these different ways of observing your breath during one breathing exercise and choose the one that resonates with you the most.


3. New habits in everyday life – Routine activity

Introduction

Choose one routine activity that you perform automatically in your life and do it consciously. We will do this exercise every day throughout the following week. 

Let's take the example of a mindful shower: 

  • Explore whether it is possible to be aware during your shower of the water temperature, how the water flows onto your body, the force of the water, how the droplets run down your body, the movements you make with your hands while washing. 
  • Notice the scent of the soap, the sound of the running water, the light, the color of your skin, and the soap suds. 
  • Also, try to pay attention to how we can start planning the future or dwelling on the past during the shower. If that happens, don't worry! Just notice where the mind wandered and kindly bring it back to your body, be aware of your feet touching the ground, your breath, and experience the shower with all your senses. 

Noticing sensations through our senses anchors and settles us in the present moment.


Home Practice for Week One

Main practice

  1. Mindfulness of Body and Breath (8 min) twice a day, everyday

New habits in everyday life

  1. Choose one routine activity in your daily life and fully focus your attention on it. Literally perceive it with all your senses! For example, when opening your computer, combing your hair, or making your morning coffee. Instead of thinking about the activity, tune into the sensations in your body. During this activity, pause a few times and become aware of the contact of your feet with the ground and consciously take one or two breaths. 
  2. Eat at least one meal mindfully and fully focus your attention on what you are eating. Notice its flavors, aromas, shapes, and colors. Use the The Chocolate Meditation (4:43) recording as inspiration. 

Please do not distribute or reproduce this work without the permission of the authors.

This program was created with the kind permission of Professor Mark Williams and the Oxford Mindfulness Center, who allowed us to use their materials as sources. It is a unique integration of the original program by the mentioned authors and our clinical and theoretical knowledge and skills.

Bernard, P., Cullen, C., & Kuyken, W. (2020). Mindfulness for Life: A Handbook for the Course. Oxford: Oxford Mindfulness Center.

Williams, J.M.G., & Penman, D. (2011). Mindfulness: Finding Peace in a Frantic World. London: Piatkus.

Světlák, M., Linhartová, P., Knejzlíková, T., Knejzlík, J., Kóša, B., Horníčková, V., ... Šumec, R. (2021). Being mindful at university: A pilot evaluation of the feasibility of an online mindfulness-based mental health support program for students. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.581086.