MA009 Algebra II
Faculty of InformaticsSpring 2024
- Extent and Intensity
- 2/2/0. 3 credit(s) (plus extra credits for completion). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).
- Teacher(s)
- doc. Mgr. Michal Kunc, Ph.D. (lecturer)
doc. Mgr. Ondřej Klíma, Ph.D. (assistant) - Guaranteed by
- doc. RNDr. Martin Čadek, CSc.
Department of Computer Science – Faculty of Informatics
Supplier department: Department of Mathematics and Statistics – Departments – Faculty of Science - Timetable
- Thu 12:00–13:50 B204
- Timetable of Seminar Groups:
- Prerequisites (in Czech)
- PROGRAM(N-IN)||PROGRAM(N-AP)||PROGRAM(N-SS)
- Course Enrolment Limitations
- The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.
- fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
- there are 20 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display
- Course objectives
- The aim of the course is to become acquainted with basic notions of universal algebra employed in computer science, namely lattice-ordered sets and equational logic.
- Learning outcomes
- After passing the course, students will be able to: use the basic notions of the theory of lattices and universal algebra; define and understand basic properties of lattices and complete lattices; verify simple algebraic statements; apply theoretical results to algorithmic calculations with operations and terms.
- Syllabus
- Lattice theory: semilattices, lattices, lattice homomorphisms, modular and distributive lattices, Boolean algebras, complete lattices, fixed point theorems, closure operators, completion of partially ordered sets, Galois connections, algebraic lattices.
- Universal algebra: algebras, subalgebras, homomorphisms, term algebras, congruences, quotient algebras, direct products, subdirect products, identities, varieties, free algebras, presentations, Birkhoff's theorem, completeness theorem for equational logic, algebraic specifications, rewriting systems.
- Literature
- BURRIS, Stanley N. and H. P. SANKAPPANAVAR. A course in universal algebra. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1981, 276 s. ISBN 0387905782. info
- PROCHÁZKA, Ladislav. Algebra. 1. vyd. Praha: Academia, 1990, 560 s. info
- BICAN, Ladislav and Jiří ROSICKÝ. Teorie svazů a univerzální algebra. Vyd. 1. Praha: Ministerstvo školství, mládeže a tělovýchovy ČSR, 1989, 84 s. info
- Teaching methods
- Lectures: theoretical explanation. Exercises: solving problems with the aim of understanding basic concepts and theorems.
- Assessment methods
- Examination written (pass mark 50%) and oral, colloquium only oral.
- Language of instruction
- Czech
- Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
- Study Materials
The course is taught once in two years.
MA009 Algebra II
Faculty of InformaticsSpring 2022
- Extent and Intensity
- 2/2/0. 3 credit(s) (plus extra credits for completion). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).
- Teacher(s)
- doc. Mgr. Michal Kunc, Ph.D. (lecturer)
doc. Mgr. Ondřej Klíma, Ph.D. (assistant) - Guaranteed by
- doc. RNDr. Martin Čadek, CSc.
Department of Computer Science – Faculty of Informatics
Supplier department: Department of Mathematics and Statistics – Departments – Faculty of Science - Timetable
- Wed 16. 2. to Wed 18. 5. Wed 12:00–13:50 B204
- Timetable of Seminar Groups:
- Prerequisites (in Czech)
- ( MB008 Algebra I || MV008 Algebra I ||PROGRAM(N-IN)||PROGRAM(N-AP)||PROGRAM(N-SS))
- Course Enrolment Limitations
- The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.
- fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
- there are 20 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display
- Course objectives
- The aim of the course is to become acquainted with basic notions of universal algebra employed in computer science, namely lattice-ordered sets and equational logic.
- Learning outcomes
- After passing the course, students will be able to: use the basic notions of the theory of lattices and universal algebra; define and understand basic properties of lattices and complete lattices; verify simple algebraic statements; apply theoretical results to algorithmic calculations with operations and terms.
- Syllabus
- Lattice theory: semilattices, lattices, lattice homomorphisms, modular and distributive lattices, Boolean algebras, complete lattices, fixed point theorems, closure operators, completion of partially ordered sets, Galois connections, algebraic lattices.
- Universal algebra: algebras, subalgebras, homomorphisms, term algebras, congruences, quotient algebras, direct products, subdirect products, identities, varieties, free algebras, presentations, Birkhoff's theorem, completeness theorem for equational logic, algebraic specifications, rewriting systems.
- Literature
- BURRIS, Stanley N. and H. P. SANKAPPANAVAR. A course in universal algebra. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1981, 276 s. ISBN 0387905782. info
- PROCHÁZKA, Ladislav. Algebra. 1. vyd. Praha: Academia, 1990, 560 s. info
- BICAN, Ladislav and Jiří ROSICKÝ. Teorie svazů a univerzální algebra. Vyd. 1. Praha: Ministerstvo školství, mládeže a tělovýchovy ČSR, 1989, 84 s. info
- Teaching methods
- Lectures: theoretical explanation. Exercises: solving problems with the aim of understanding basic concepts and theorems.
- Assessment methods
- Examination written (pass mark 50%) and oral.
- Language of instruction
- Czech
- Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
- Study Materials
The course is taught once in two years.
MA009 Algebra II
Faculty of InformaticsSpring 2020
- Extent and Intensity
- 2/2. 3 credit(s) (plus extra credits for completion). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).
- Teacher(s)
- doc. Mgr. Michal Kunc, Ph.D. (lecturer)
doc. Mgr. Ondřej Klíma, Ph.D. (assistant) - Guaranteed by
- doc. RNDr. Martin Čadek, CSc.
Department of Computer Science – Faculty of Informatics
Supplier department: Faculty of Science - Timetable
- Mon 17. 2. to Fri 15. 5. Mon 12:00–13:50 B204
- Timetable of Seminar Groups:
- Prerequisites (in Czech)
- ( MB008 Algebra I || MV008 Algebra I ||PROGRAM(N-IN)||PROGRAM(N-AP)||PROGRAM(N-SS))
- Course Enrolment Limitations
- The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.
- fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
- there are 20 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display
- Course objectives
- After passing the course, students will be able to: use the basic notions of the theory of lattices and universal algebra; define and understand basic properties of lattices and complete lattices; verify simple algebraic statements; apply theoretical results to algorithmic calculations with operations and terms.
- Learning outcomes
- After passing the course, students will be able to: use the basic notions of the theory of lattices and universal algebra; define and understand basic properties of lattices and complete lattices; verify simple algebraic statements; apply theoretical results to algorithmic calculations with operations and terms.
- Syllabus
- Lattice theory: semilattices, lattices, lattice homomorphisms, modular and distributive lattices, Boolean algebras, complete lattices, fixed point theorems, closure operators, completion of partially ordered sets, Galois connections, algebraic lattices.
- Universal algebra: algebras, subalgebras, homomorphisms, term algebras, congruences, quotient algebras, direct products, subdirect products, identities, varieties, free algebras, presentations, Birkhoff's theorem, completeness theorem for equational logic, algebraic specifications, rewriting systems.
- Literature
- BURRIS, Stanley N. and H. P. SANKAPPANAVAR. A course in universal algebra. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1981, 276 s. ISBN 0387905782. info
- PROCHÁZKA, Ladislav. Algebra. 1. vyd. Praha: Academia, 1990, 560 s. info
- BICAN, Ladislav and Jiří ROSICKÝ. Teorie svazů a univerzální algebra. Vyd. 1. Praha: Ministerstvo školství, mládeže a tělovýchovy ČSR, 1989, 84 s. info
- Teaching methods
- Lectures: theoretical explanation. Exercises: solving problems with the aim of understanding basic concepts and theorems.
- Assessment methods
- Examination written (pass mark 50%) and oral.
- Language of instruction
- Czech
- Further Comments
- Study Materials
The course is taught annually.
MA009 Algebra II
Faculty of InformaticsSpring 2019
- Extent and Intensity
- 2/2. 4 credit(s) (plus extra credits for completion). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).
- Teacher(s)
- doc. Mgr. Michal Kunc, Ph.D. (lecturer)
doc. Mgr. Ondřej Klíma, Ph.D. (assistant) - Guaranteed by
- doc. RNDr. Martin Čadek, CSc.
Faculty of Informatics
Supplier department: Faculty of Science - Timetable
- Wed 12:00–13:50 B204
- Timetable of Seminar Groups:
- Prerequisites (in Czech)
- ( MB008 Algebra I || MV008 Algebra I ||PROGRAM(N-IN)||PROGRAM(N-AP)||PROGRAM(N-SS))
- Course Enrolment Limitations
- The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.
- fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
- there are 20 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display
- Course objectives
- After passing the course, students will be able to: use the basic notions of the theory of lattices and universal algebra; define and understand basic properties of lattices and complete lattices; verify simple algebraic statements; apply theoretical results to algorithmic calculations with operations and terms.
- Learning outcomes
- After passing the course, students will be able to: use the basic notions of the theory of lattices and universal algebra; define and understand basic properties of lattices and complete lattices; verify simple algebraic statements; apply theoretical results to algorithmic calculations with operations and terms.
- Syllabus
- Lattice theory: semilattices, lattices, lattice homomorphisms, modular and distributive lattices, Boolean algebras, complete lattices, fixed point theorems, closure operators, completion of partially ordered sets, Galois connections, algebraic lattices.
- Universal algebra: algebras, subalgebras, homomorphisms, term algebras, congruences, quotient algebras, direct products, subdirect products, identities, varieties, free algebras, presentations, Birkhoff's theorem, completeness theorem for equational logic, algebraic specifications, rewriting systems.
- Literature
- BURRIS, Stanley N. and H. P. SANKAPPANAVAR. A course in universal algebra. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1981, 276 s. ISBN 0387905782. info
- PROCHÁZKA, Ladislav. Algebra. 1. vyd. Praha: Academia, 1990, 560 s. info
- BICAN, Ladislav and Jiří ROSICKÝ. Teorie svazů a univerzální algebra. Vyd. 1. Praha: Ministerstvo školství, mládeže a tělovýchovy ČSR, 1989, 84 s. info
- Teaching methods
- Lectures: theoretical explanation. Exercises: solving problems with the aim of understanding basic concepts and theorems.
- Assessment methods
- Examination written (pass mark 50%) and oral.
- Language of instruction
- Czech
- Further Comments
- Study Materials
The course is taught annually.
MA009 Algebra II
Faculty of InformaticsSpring 2018
- Extent and Intensity
- 2/2. 4 credit(s) (plus extra credits for completion). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).
- Teacher(s)
- doc. Mgr. Michal Kunc, Ph.D. (lecturer)
doc. Mgr. Ondřej Klíma, Ph.D. (assistant) - Guaranteed by
- doc. RNDr. Martin Čadek, CSc.
Faculty of Informatics
Supplier department: Faculty of Science - Timetable
- Fri 8:00–9:50 A320
- Timetable of Seminar Groups:
- Prerequisites (in Czech)
- ( MB008 Algebra I || MV008 Algebra I ||PROGRAM(N-IN)||PROGRAM(N-AP)||PROGRAM(N-SS))
- Course Enrolment Limitations
- The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.
- fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
- there are 20 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display
- Course objectives
- After passing the course, students will be able to: use the basic notions of the theory of lattices and universal algebra; define and understand basic properties of lattices and complete lattices; verify simple algebraic statements; apply theoretical results to algorithmic calculations with operations and terms.
- Learning outcomes
- After passing the course, students will be able to: use the basic notions of the theory of lattices and universal algebra; define and understand basic properties of lattices and complete lattices; verify simple algebraic statements; apply theoretical results to algorithmic calculations with operations and terms.
- Syllabus
- Lattice theory: semilattices, lattices, lattice homomorphisms, modular and distributive lattices, Boolean algebras, complete lattices, fixed point theorems, closure operators, completion of partially ordered sets, Galois connections, algebraic lattices.
- Universal algebra: algebras, subalgebras, homomorphisms, term algebras, congruences, quotient algebras, direct products, subdirect products, identities, varieties, free algebras, presentations, Birkhoff's theorem, completeness theorem for equational logic, algebraic specifications, rewriting systems.
- Literature
- BURRIS, Stanley N. and H. P. SANKAPPANAVAR. A course in universal algebra. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1981, 276 s. ISBN 0387905782. info
- PROCHÁZKA, Ladislav. Algebra. 1. vyd. Praha: Academia, 1990, 560 s. info
- BICAN, Ladislav and Jiří ROSICKÝ. Teorie svazů a univerzální algebra. Vyd. 1. Praha: Ministerstvo školství, mládeže a tělovýchovy ČSR, 1989, 84 s. info
- Teaching methods
- Lectures: theoretical explanation. Exercises: solving problems with the aim of understanding basic concepts and theorems.
- Assessment methods
- Examination written (pass mark 50%) and oral.
- Language of instruction
- Czech
- Further Comments
- Study Materials
The course is taught annually.
MA009 Algebra II
Faculty of InformaticsSpring 2017
- Extent and Intensity
- 2/2. 4 credit(s) (plus extra credits for completion). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).
- Teacher(s)
- doc. Mgr. Michal Kunc, Ph.D. (lecturer)
doc. Mgr. Ondřej Klíma, Ph.D. (assistant) - Guaranteed by
- doc. RNDr. Martin Čadek, CSc.
Faculty of Informatics
Supplier department: Faculty of Science - Timetable
- Mon 14:00–15:50 A320
- Timetable of Seminar Groups:
- Prerequisites (in Czech)
- ( MB008 Algebra I || MV008 Algebra I ||PROGRAM(N-IN)||PROGRAM(N-AP)||PROGRAM(N-SS))
- Course Enrolment Limitations
- The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.
- fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
- there are 20 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display
- Course objectives
- After passing the course, students will be able to: use the basic notions of the theory of lattices and universal algebra; define and understand basic properties of lattices and complete lattices; verify simple algebraic statements; apply theoretical results to algorithmic calculations with operations and terms.
- Syllabus
- Lattice theory: semilattices, lattices, lattice homomorphisms, modular and distributive lattices, Boolean algebras, complete lattices, fixed point theorems, closure operators, completion of partially ordered sets, Galois connections, algebraic lattices.
- Universal algebra: algebras, subalgebras, homomorphisms, term algebras, congruences, quotient algebras, direct products, subdirect products, identities, varieties, free algebras, presentations, Birkhoff's theorem, completeness theorem for equational logic, algebraic specifications, rewriting systems.
- Literature
- BURRIS, Stanley N. and H. P. SANKAPPANAVAR. A course in universal algebra. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1981, 276 s. ISBN 0387905782. info
- PROCHÁZKA, Ladislav. Algebra. 1. vyd. Praha: Academia, 1990, 560 s. info
- BICAN, Ladislav and Jiří ROSICKÝ. Teorie svazů a univerzální algebra. Vyd. 1. Praha: Ministerstvo školství, mládeže a tělovýchovy ČSR, 1989, 84 s. info
- Teaching methods
- Lectures: theoretical explanation. Exercises: solving problems with the aim of understanding basic concepts and theorems.
- Assessment methods
- Examination written (pass mark 50%) and oral.
- Language of instruction
- Czech
- Further Comments
- Study Materials
The course is taught annually.
MA009 Algebra II
Faculty of InformaticsSpring 2016
- Extent and Intensity
- 2/2. 4 credit(s) (plus extra credits for completion). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).
- Teacher(s)
- doc. Mgr. Michal Kunc, Ph.D. (lecturer)
doc. Mgr. Ondřej Klíma, Ph.D. (assistant) - Guaranteed by
- doc. RNDr. Martin Čadek, CSc.
Faculty of Informatics
Supplier department: Faculty of Science - Timetable
- Wed 14:00–15:50 B204
- Timetable of Seminar Groups:
- Prerequisites (in Czech)
- ( MB008 Algebra I || MV008 Algebra I ||PROGRAM(N-IN)||PROGRAM(N-AP)||PROGRAM(N-SS))
- Course Enrolment Limitations
- The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.
- fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
- there are 20 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display
- Course objectives
- After passing the course, students will be able to: use the basic notions of the theory of lattices and universal algebra; define and understand basic properties of lattices and complete lattices; verify simple algebraic statements; apply theoretical results to algorithmic calculations with operations and terms.
- Syllabus
- Lattice theory: semilattices, lattices, lattice homomorphisms, modular and distributive lattices, Boolean algebras, complete lattices, fixed point theorems, closure operators, completion of partially ordered sets, Galois connections, algebraic lattices.
- Universal algebra: algebras, subalgebras, homomorphisms, term algebras, congruences, quotient algebras, direct products, subdirect products, identities, varieties, free algebras, presentations, Birkhoff's theorem, completeness theorem for equational logic, algebraic specifications, rewriting systems.
- Literature
- BURRIS, Stanley N. and H. P. SANKAPPANAVAR. A course in universal algebra. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1981, 276 s. ISBN 0387905782. info
- PROCHÁZKA, Ladislav. Algebra. 1. vyd. Praha: Academia, 1990, 560 s. info
- BICAN, Ladislav and Jiří ROSICKÝ. Teorie svazů a univerzální algebra. Vyd. 1. Praha: Ministerstvo školství, mládeže a tělovýchovy ČSR, 1989, 84 s. info
- Teaching methods
- Lectures: theoretical explanation. Exercises: solving problems with the aim of understanding basic concepts and theorems.
- Assessment methods
- Examination written (pass mark 50%) and oral.
- Language of instruction
- Czech
- Further Comments
- Study Materials
The course is taught annually.
MA009 Algebra II
Faculty of InformaticsSpring 2015
- Extent and Intensity
- 2/0. 2 credit(s) (plus extra credits for completion). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).
- Teacher(s)
- doc. RNDr. Libor Polák, CSc. (lecturer)
doc. Mgr. Michal Kunc, Ph.D. (seminar tutor) - Guaranteed by
- doc. RNDr. Libor Polák, CSc.
Faculty of Informatics
Supplier department: Faculty of Science - Timetable
- Mon 14:00–15:50 B411
- Prerequisites
- ( MB008 Algebra I || MV008 Algebra I ||PROGRAM(N-IN)||PROGRAM(N-AP)||PROGRAM(N-SS))
Prerequisites: MV008 Algebra I. - Course Enrolment Limitations
- The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.
- fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
- there are 19 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display
- Course objectives
- At the end of the course students should be able to work with ordered sets and abstract algebraic structures including applications. They will gain a serious formal basis for all areas of theoretical computer science.
- Syllabus
- Lattices (semilattices and lattices - two approaches, modular and distributive lattices, Boolean lattices).
- Universal algebra (subalgebras, homomorphisms, congruences and quotient algebras, products, terms, varieties, free algebras, Birkhoff's theorem, rewriting).
- Literature
- Teaching methods
- Once a week a standard lecture with a stress on motivation and examples.
- Assessment methods
- A written exam has three parts: a completion of a text concerning (on advance) given theoretical issues, a completing a proof a new statement, and 3 tests problems where the students show the understanding the basics. It takes two hours. One half of possible points is needed for a success.
- Language of instruction
- Czech
- Further Comments
- Study Materials
The course is taught annually. - Teacher's information
- http://www.math.muni.cz/~polak/algebra-II.html
MA009 Algebra II
Faculty of InformaticsSpring 2014
- Extent and Intensity
- 2/0. 2 credit(s) (plus extra credits for completion). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).
- Teacher(s)
- doc. RNDr. Libor Polák, CSc. (lecturer)
doc. Mgr. Michal Kunc, Ph.D. (seminar tutor) - Guaranteed by
- doc. RNDr. Libor Polák, CSc.
Faculty of Informatics
Supplier department: Faculty of Science - Timetable
- Mon 14:00–15:50 B410
- Prerequisites
- ( MB008 Algebra I || MV008 Algebra I ||PROGRAM(N-IN)||PROGRAM(N-AP)||PROGRAM(N-SS))
Prerequisites: MV008 Algebra I. - Course Enrolment Limitations
- The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.
- fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
- there are 19 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display
- Course objectives
- At the end of the course students should be able to work with ordered sets and abstract algebraic structures including applications. They will gain a serious formal basis for all areas of theoretical computer science.
- Syllabus
- Lattices (semilattices and lattices - two approaches, modular and distributive lattices, Boolean lattices).
- Universal algebra (subalgebras, homomorphisms, congruences and quotient algebras, products, terms, varieties, free algebras, Birkhoff's theorem, rewriting).
- Literature
- Teaching methods
- Once a week a standard lecture with a stress on motivation and examples.
- Assessment methods
- A written exam has three parts: a completion of a text concerning (on advance) given theoretical issues, a completing a proof a new statement, and 3 tests problems where the students show the understanding the basics. It takes two hours. One half of possible points is needed for a success.
- Language of instruction
- Czech
- Further Comments
- Study Materials
The course is taught annually. - Teacher's information
- http://www.math.muni.cz/~polak/algebra-II.html
MA009 Algebra II
Faculty of InformaticsSpring 2013
- Extent and Intensity
- 2/0. 2 credit(s) (plus extra credits for completion). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).
- Teacher(s)
- doc. RNDr. Libor Polák, CSc. (lecturer)
doc. Mgr. Michal Kunc, Ph.D. (assistant) - Guaranteed by
- doc. RNDr. Libor Polák, CSc.
Faculty of Informatics
Supplier department: Faculty of Science - Timetable
- Tue 14:00–15:50 B410
- Prerequisites
- ( MB008 Algebra I ||PROGRAM(N-IN)||PROGRAM(N-AP)||PROGRAM(N-SS))
Prerequisites: MB008 Algebra I. - Course Enrolment Limitations
- The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.
- fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
- there are 19 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display
- Course objectives
- This course is a continuation of Algebra I. We focus on fields, lattice theory and universal algebra with applications in computer science.
- Syllabus
- Rings and polynomials II (extensions, finite fields, symmetric polynomials).
- Lattices (semilattices and lattices - two approaches, modular and distributive lattices, Boolean lattices).
- Universal algebra (subalgebras, homomorphisms, congruences and quotient algebras, products, terms, varieties, free algebras, Birkhoff's theorem, rewriting).
- Literature
- Teaching methods
- Once a week a standard lecture with a stress on motivation and examples.
- Assessment methods
- A written exam has three parts: a completion of a text concerning (on advance) given theoretical issues, a completing a proof a new statement, and 3 tests problems where the students show the understanding the basics.
- Language of instruction
- Czech
- Further Comments
- Study Materials
The course is taught annually. - Teacher's information
- http://www.math.muni.cz/~polak/algebra-II.html
MA009 Algebra II
Faculty of InformaticsSpring 2012
- Extent and Intensity
- 2/0. 2 credit(s) (plus extra credits for completion). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).
- Teacher(s)
- doc. RNDr. Libor Polák, CSc. (lecturer)
Mgr. David Kruml, Ph.D. (seminar tutor) - Guaranteed by
- doc. RNDr. Libor Polák, CSc.
Faculty of Informatics
Supplier department: Faculty of Science - Timetable
- Fri 14:00–15:50 B410
- Prerequisites
- ( MB008 Algebra I ||PROGRAM(N-IN)||PROGRAM(N-AP)||PROGRAM(N-SS))
Prerequisites: MB008 Algebra I. - Course Enrolment Limitations
- The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.
- fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
- there are 19 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display
- Course objectives
- This course is a continuation of Algebra I. We focus on fields, lattice theory and universal algebra with applications in computer science.
- Syllabus
- Rings and polynomials II (extensions, finite fields, symmetric polynomials).
- Lattices (semilattices and lattices - two approaches, modular and distributive lattices, Boolean lattices).
- Universal algebra (subalgebras, homomorphisms, congruences and quotient algebras, products, terms, varieties, free algebras, Birkhoff's theorem, rewriting).
- Literature
- Teaching methods
- Once a week a standard lecture with a stress on motivation and examples.
- Assessment methods
- A written exam has three parts: a completion of a text concerning (on advance) given theoretical issues, a completing a proof a new statement, and 3 tests problems where the students show the understanding the basics.
- Language of instruction
- Czech
- Further Comments
- Study Materials
The course is taught annually. - Teacher's information
- http://www.math.muni.cz/~polak/algebra-II.html
MA009 Algebra II
Faculty of InformaticsSpring 2011
- Extent and Intensity
- 2/0. 2 credit(s) (plus extra credits for completion). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).
- Teacher(s)
- doc. RNDr. Libor Polák, CSc. (lecturer)
- Guaranteed by
- doc. RNDr. Libor Polák, CSc.
Faculty of Informatics - Timetable
- Tue 14:00–15:50 B204
- Prerequisites
- ( MB008 Algebra I ||PROGRAM(N-IN)||PROGRAM(N-AP)||PROGRAM(N-SS))
Prerequisites: MB008 Algebra I. - Course Enrolment Limitations
- The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.
- fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
- there are 19 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display
- Course objectives
- This course is a continuation of Algebra I. We focus on fields, lattice theory and universal algebra with applications in computer science.
- Syllabus
- Rings and polynomials II (extensions, finite fields, symmetric polynomials).
- Lattices (semilattices and lattices - two approaches, modular and distributive lattices, Boolean lattices).
- Universal algebra (subalgebras, homomorphisms, congruences and quotient algebras, products, terms, varieties, free algebras, Birkhoff's theorem, rewriting).
- Literature
- Teaching methods
- Once a week a standard lecture with a stress on motivation and examples.
- Assessment methods
- A written exam has three parts: a completion of a text concerning (on advance) given theoretical issues, a completing a proof a new statement, and 3 tests problems where the students show the understanding the basics.
- Language of instruction
- Czech
- Further Comments
- Study Materials
The course is taught annually. - Teacher's information
- http://www.math.muni.cz/~polak/algebra-II.html
MA009 Algebra II
Faculty of InformaticsSpring 2010
- Extent and Intensity
- 2/0. 2 credit(s) (plus extra credits for completion). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).
- Teacher(s)
- doc. RNDr. Libor Polák, CSc. (lecturer)
doc. Mgr. Ondřej Klíma, Ph.D. (seminar tutor) - Guaranteed by
- doc. RNDr. Libor Polák, CSc.
Department of Mathematics and Statistics – Departments – Faculty of Science - Timetable
- Tue 14:00–15:50 B003
- Prerequisites
- ( MB008 Algebra I ||PROGRAM(N-IN)||PROGRAM(N-AP)||PROGRAM(N-SS))
Prerequisites: MB008 Algebra I. - Course Enrolment Limitations
- The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.
- fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
- there are 22 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display
- Course objectives
- This course is a continuation of Algebra I. We focus on fields, lattice theory and universal algebra with applications in computer science.
- Syllabus
- Rings and polynomials II (extensions, finite fields, symmetric polynomials).
- Lattices (semilattices and lattices - two approaches, modular and distributive lattices, Boolean lattices).
- Universal algebra (subalgebras, homomorphisms, congruences and quotient algebras, products, terms, varieties, free algebras, Birkhoff's theorem, rewriting).
- Literature
- Teaching methods
- Once a week a standard lecture with a stress on motivation and examples.
- Assessment methods
- A written exam has three parts: a completion of a text concerning (on advance) given theoretical issues, a completing a proof a new statement, and 3 tests problems where the students show the understanding the basics.
- Language of instruction
- Czech
- Further Comments
- Study Materials
The course is taught annually. - Teacher's information
- http://www.math.muni.cz/~polak/algebra-II.html
MA009 Algebra II
Faculty of InformaticsSpring 2009
- Extent and Intensity
- 2/0. 2 credit(s) (plus extra credits for completion). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).
- Teacher(s)
- doc. RNDr. Libor Polák, CSc. (lecturer)
doc. Mgr. Ondřej Klíma, Ph.D. (seminar tutor), Mgr. David Kruml, Ph.D. (deputy) - Guaranteed by
- doc. RNDr. Libor Polák, CSc.
Department of Mathematics and Statistics – Departments – Faculty of Science - Timetable
- Wed 14:00–15:50 B011
- Prerequisites
- ( MB008 Algebra I ||PROGRAM(N-IN)||PROGRAM(N-AP)||PROGRAM(N-SS))
Prerequisites: MB008 Algebra I. - Course Enrolment Limitations
- The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.
- fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
- there are 16 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display
- Course objectives
- This course is a continuation of Algebra I. We focus on fields, lattice theory and universal algebra with applications in computer science.
- Syllabus
- Rings and polynomials II (extensions, finite fields, symmetric polynomials).
- Lattices (semilattices and lattices - two approaches, modular and distributive lattices, Boolean lattices).
- Universal algebra (subalgebras, homomorphisms, congruences and factoralgebras, products, terms, varieties, free algebras, Birkhoff's theorem).
- Literature
- Assessment methods
- Written exam.
- Language of instruction
- Czech
- Further Comments
- The course is taught annually.
- Teacher's information
- http://www.math.muni.cz/~polak/algebra-II.html
MA009 Algebra II
Faculty of InformaticsSpring 2008
- Extent and Intensity
- 2/0. 2 credit(s) (plus extra credits for completion). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).
- Teacher(s)
- doc. RNDr. Libor Polák, CSc. (lecturer)
doc. Mgr. Ondřej Klíma, Ph.D. (seminar tutor) - Guaranteed by
- doc. RNDr. Libor Polák, CSc.
Department of Mathematics and Statistics – Departments – Faculty of Science - Timetable
- Fri 13:00–14:50 B003
- Prerequisites
- ( MB008 Algebra I ||PROGRAM(N-IN)||PROGRAM(N-AP)||PROGRAM(N-SS))
Prerequisites: MB008 Algebra I. - Course Enrolment Limitations
- The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.
- fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
- there are 19 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display
- Course objectives
- This course is a continuation of Algebra I. We focus on fields, lattice theory and universal algebra with applications in computer science.
- Syllabus
- Rings and polynomials II (extensions, finite fields, symmetric polynomials).
- Lattices (semilattices and lattices - two approaches, modular and distributive lattices, Boolean lattices).
- Universal algebra (subalgebras, homomorphisms, congruences and factoralgebras, products, terms, varieties, free algebras, Birkhoff's theorem).
- Literature
- Assessment methods (in Czech)
- Zkouška je písemná.
- Language of instruction
- Czech
- Further Comments
- The course is taught annually.
- Teacher's information
- http://www.math.muni.cz/~polak/algebra-II.html
MA009 Algebra II
Faculty of InformaticsSpring 2007
- Extent and Intensity
- 2/0. 2 credit(s) (plus extra credits for completion). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).
- Teacher(s)
- doc. RNDr. Libor Polák, CSc. (lecturer)
doc. Mgr. Ondřej Klíma, Ph.D. (seminar tutor) - Guaranteed by
- doc. RNDr. Libor Polák, CSc.
Department of Mathematics and Statistics – Departments – Faculty of Science - Timetable
- Fri 12:00–13:50 B003
- Prerequisites
- ( M008 Algebra I || MB008 Algebra I ||PROGRAM(N-IN)||PROGRAM(N-AP)||PROGRAM(N-SS))&&! M009 Algebra II
Prerequisites: MB008 Algebra I. - Course Enrolment Limitations
- The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.
- fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
- there are 6 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display
- Course objectives
- This course is a continuation of Algebra I. We focus on fields, lattice theory and universal algebra with applications in computer science.
- Syllabus
- Rings and polynomials II (extensions, finite fields, symmetric polynomials).
- Lattices (semilattices and lattices - two approaches, modular and distributive lattices, Boolean lattices).
- Universal algebra (subalgebras, homomorphisms, congruences and factoralgebras, products, terms, varieties, free algebras, Birkhoff's theorem).
- Literature
- Assessment methods (in Czech)
- Zkouška je písemná.
- Language of instruction
- Czech
- Further Comments
- The course is taught annually.
- Teacher's information
- http://www.math.muni.cz/~polak/algebra-II.html
MA009 Algebra II
Faculty of InformaticsSpring 2006
- Extent and Intensity
- 2/0. 2 credit(s) (plus extra credits for completion). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).
- Teacher(s)
- doc. RNDr. Libor Polák, CSc. (lecturer)
doc. Mgr. Ondřej Klíma, Ph.D. (seminar tutor) - Guaranteed by
- doc. RNDr. Libor Polák, CSc.
Department of Mathematics and Statistics – Departments – Faculty of Science - Timetable
- Tue 14:00–15:50 B011
- Prerequisites
- ( M008 Algebra I || MB008 Algebra I ||PROGRAM(N-IN)||PROGRAM(N-AP)||PROGRAM(N-SS))&&! M009 Algebra II
Prerequisites: MB008 Algebra I. - Course Enrolment Limitations
- The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.
- fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
- there are 6 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display
- Course objectives
- This course is a continuation of Algebra I. We focus on fields, lattice theory and universal algebra with applications in computer science.
- Syllabus
- Rings and polynomials II (extensions, finite fields, symmetric polynomials).
- Lattices (semilattices and lattices - two approaches, modular and distributive lattices, Boolean lattices).
- Universal algebra (subalgebras, homomorphisms, congruences and factoralgebras, products, terms, varieties, free algebras, Birkhoff's theorem).
- Literature
- Assessment methods (in Czech)
- Zkouška je písemná.
- Language of instruction
- Czech
- Further Comments
- The course is taught annually.
- Teacher's information
- http://www.math.muni.cz/~polak/algebra-II.html
MA009 Algebra II
Faculty of InformaticsSpring 2005
- Extent and Intensity
- 2/0. 2 credit(s) (plus extra credits for completion). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium), z (credit).
- Teacher(s)
- doc. RNDr. Libor Polák, CSc. (lecturer)
doc. Mgr. Ondřej Klíma, Ph.D. (seminar tutor) - Guaranteed by
- prof. RNDr. Radan Kučera, DSc.
Department of Mathematics and Statistics – Departments – Faculty of Science
Contact Person: prof. RNDr. Radan Kučera, DSc. - Timetable
- Fri 11:00–12:50 B011
- Prerequisites
- ( M008 Algebra I || MB008 Algebra I ||PROGRAM(N-IN)||PROGRAM(N-AP)||PROGRAM(N-SS))&&! M009 Algebra II
Prerequisites: MB008 Algebra I. - Course Enrolment Limitations
- The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.
- fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
- there are 6 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display
- Course objectives
- This course is a continuation of Algebra I. We focus on fields, lattice theory and universal algebra with applications in computer science.
- Syllabus
- Rings and polynomials II (extensions, finite fields, symmetric polynomials).
- Lattices (semilattices and lattices - two approaches, modular and distributive lattices, Boolean lattices).
- Universal algebra (subalgebras, homomorphisms, congruences and factoralgebras, products, terms, varieties, free algebras, Birkhoff's theorem).
- Literature
- Assessment methods (in Czech)
- Zkouška je písemná; důraz je kladen na pochopení problematiky.
- Language of instruction
- Czech
- Further Comments
- The course is taught annually.
- Teacher's information
- http://www.math.muni.cz/~polak/algebra-II.html
MA009 Algebra II
Faculty of InformaticsSpring 2004
- Extent and Intensity
- 2/0. 2 credit(s) (plus extra credits for completion). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium), z (credit).
- Teacher(s)
- doc. RNDr. Libor Polák, CSc. (lecturer)
doc. Mgr. Ondřej Klíma, Ph.D. (seminar tutor) - Guaranteed by
- prof. RNDr. Radan Kučera, DSc.
Department of Mathematics and Statistics – Departments – Faculty of Science
Contact Person: prof. RNDr. Radan Kučera, DSc. - Timetable
- Fri 13:00–14:50 B204
- Prerequisites
- ( M008 Algebra I || MB008 Algebra I ||PROGRAM(N-IN)||PROGRAM(N-AP)||PROGRAM(N-SS))&&! M009 Algebra II
Prerequisites: MB008 Algebra I. - Course Enrolment Limitations
- The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.
- fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
- there are 6 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display
- Course objectives
- This course is a continuation of Algebra I. We focus on fields, lattice theory and universal algebra with applications in computer science.
- Syllabus
- Rings and polynomials II (extensions, finite fields, symmetric polynomials).
- Lattices (semilattices and lattices - two approaches, modular and distributive lattices, Boolean lattices).
- Universal algebra (subalgebras, homomorphisms, congruences and factoralgebras, products, terms, varieties, free algebras, Birkhoff's theorem).
- Literature
- Assessment methods (in Czech)
- Zkouška je písemná.
- Language of instruction
- Czech
- Further Comments
- The course is taught annually.
- Teacher's information
- http://www.math.muni.cz/~polak/algebra-II.html
MA009 Algebra II
Faculty of InformaticsSpring 2003
- Extent and Intensity
- 2/0. 2 credit(s) (plus extra credits for completion). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium), z (credit).
- Teacher(s)
- doc. RNDr. Libor Polák, CSc. (lecturer)
doc. Mgr. Ondřej Klíma, Ph.D. (seminar tutor) - Guaranteed by
- prof. RNDr. Radan Kučera, DSc.
Faculty of Informatics
Contact Person: prof. RNDr. Radan Kučera, DSc. - Timetable
- Fri 11:00–12:50 D2
- Prerequisites
- ( M008 Algebra I || MB008 Algebra I )&&! M009 Algebra II
Prerequisites: M005 Foundations of mathematics and M008 Algebra I. - Course Enrolment Limitations
- The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.
- fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
- there are 7 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display
- Course objectives (in Czech)
- Jedná se o pokračování kurzu Algebra I. Pozornost je věnována polynomům, teorii svazů a teorii univerzálních algeber.
- Syllabus
- Rings and polynomials II (extensions, finite fields, symmetric polynomials).
- Lattices (semilattices and lattices - two approaches, modular and distributive lattices, Boolean lattices).
- Universal algebra (subalgebras, homomorphisms, congruences and factoralgebras, products, terms, varieties, free algebras, Birkhoff's theorem).
- Literature
- Language of instruction
- Czech
- Further Comments
- The course is taught annually.
MA009 Algebra II
Faculty of InformaticsSpring 2025
The course is not taught in Spring 2025
- Extent and Intensity
- 2/2/0. 3 credit(s) (plus extra credits for completion). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).
In-person direct teaching - Teacher(s)
- doc. Mgr. Michal Kunc, Ph.D. (lecturer)
doc. Mgr. Ondřej Klíma, Ph.D. (assistant) - Guaranteed by
- doc. RNDr. Martin Čadek, CSc.
Department of Computer Science – Faculty of Informatics
Supplier department: Department of Mathematics and Statistics – Departments – Faculty of Science - Prerequisites (in Czech)
- PROGRAM(N-IN)||PROGRAM(N-AP)||PROGRAM(N-SS)
- Course Enrolment Limitations
- The course is offered to students of any study field.
- Course objectives
- The aim of the course is to become acquainted with basic notions of universal algebra employed in computer science, namely lattice-ordered sets and equational logic.
- Learning outcomes
- After passing the course, students will be able to: use the basic notions of the theory of lattices and universal algebra; define and understand basic properties of lattices and complete lattices; verify simple algebraic statements; apply theoretical results to algorithmic calculations with operations and terms.
- Syllabus
- Lattice theory: semilattices, lattices, lattice homomorphisms, modular and distributive lattices, Boolean algebras, complete lattices, fixed point theorems, closure operators, completion of partially ordered sets, Galois connections, algebraic lattices.
- Universal algebra: algebras, subalgebras, homomorphisms, term algebras, congruences, quotient algebras, direct products, subdirect products, identities, varieties, free algebras, presentations, Birkhoff's theorem, completeness theorem for equational logic, algebraic specifications, rewriting systems.
- Literature
- BURRIS, Stanley N. and H. P. SANKAPPANAVAR. A course in universal algebra. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1981, 276 s. ISBN 0387905782. info
- PROCHÁZKA, Ladislav. Algebra. 1. vyd. Praha: Academia, 1990, 560 s. info
- BICAN, Ladislav and Jiří ROSICKÝ. Teorie svazů a univerzální algebra. Vyd. 1. Praha: Ministerstvo školství, mládeže a tělovýchovy ČSR, 1989, 84 s. info
- Teaching methods
- Lectures: theoretical explanation. Exercises: solving problems with the aim of understanding basic concepts and theorems.
- Assessment methods
- Examination written (pass mark 50%) and oral, colloquium only oral.
- Language of instruction
- Czech
- Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
- The course is taught once in two years.
The course is taught: every week.
MA009 Algebra II
Faculty of InformaticsSpring 2023
The course is not taught in Spring 2023
- Extent and Intensity
- 2/2/0. 3 credit(s) (plus extra credits for completion). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).
- Teacher(s)
- doc. Mgr. Michal Kunc, Ph.D. (lecturer)
doc. Mgr. Ondřej Klíma, Ph.D. (assistant) - Guaranteed by
- doc. RNDr. Martin Čadek, CSc.
Department of Computer Science – Faculty of Informatics
Supplier department: Department of Mathematics and Statistics – Departments – Faculty of Science - Prerequisites (in Czech)
- ( MB008 Algebra I || MV008 Algebra I ||PROGRAM(N-IN)||PROGRAM(N-AP)||PROGRAM(N-SS))
- Course Enrolment Limitations
- The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.
- fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
- there are 20 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display
- Course objectives
- The aim of the course is to become acquainted with basic notions of universal algebra employed in computer science, namely lattice-ordered sets and equational logic.
- Learning outcomes
- After passing the course, students will be able to: use the basic notions of the theory of lattices and universal algebra; define and understand basic properties of lattices and complete lattices; verify simple algebraic statements; apply theoretical results to algorithmic calculations with operations and terms.
- Syllabus
- Lattice theory: semilattices, lattices, lattice homomorphisms, modular and distributive lattices, Boolean algebras, complete lattices, fixed point theorems, closure operators, completion of partially ordered sets, Galois connections, algebraic lattices.
- Universal algebra: algebras, subalgebras, homomorphisms, term algebras, congruences, quotient algebras, direct products, subdirect products, identities, varieties, free algebras, presentations, Birkhoff's theorem, completeness theorem for equational logic, algebraic specifications, rewriting systems.
- Literature
- BURRIS, Stanley N. and H. P. SANKAPPANAVAR. A course in universal algebra. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1981, 276 s. ISBN 0387905782. info
- PROCHÁZKA, Ladislav. Algebra. 1. vyd. Praha: Academia, 1990, 560 s. info
- BICAN, Ladislav and Jiří ROSICKÝ. Teorie svazů a univerzální algebra. Vyd. 1. Praha: Ministerstvo školství, mládeže a tělovýchovy ČSR, 1989, 84 s. info
- Teaching methods
- Lectures: theoretical explanation. Exercises: solving problems with the aim of understanding basic concepts and theorems.
- Assessment methods
- Examination written (pass mark 50%) and oral.
- Language of instruction
- Czech
- Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
- The course is taught once in two years.
The course is taught: every week.
MA009 Algebra II
Faculty of InformaticsSpring 2021
The course is not taught in Spring 2021
- Extent and Intensity
- 2/2. 3 credit(s) (plus extra credits for completion). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).
- Teacher(s)
- doc. Mgr. Michal Kunc, Ph.D. (lecturer)
doc. Mgr. Ondřej Klíma, Ph.D. (assistant) - Guaranteed by
- doc. RNDr. Martin Čadek, CSc.
Department of Computer Science – Faculty of Informatics
Supplier department: Faculty of Science - Timetable of Seminar Groups
- MA009/01: No timetable has been entered into IS. M. Kunc
- Prerequisites (in Czech)
- ( MB008 Algebra I || MV008 Algebra I ||PROGRAM(N-IN)||PROGRAM(N-AP)||PROGRAM(N-SS))
- Course Enrolment Limitations
- The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.
- fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
- there are 20 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display
- Course objectives
- After passing the course, students will be able to: use the basic notions of the theory of lattices and universal algebra; define and understand basic properties of lattices and complete lattices; verify simple algebraic statements; apply theoretical results to algorithmic calculations with operations and terms.
- Learning outcomes
- After passing the course, students will be able to: use the basic notions of the theory of lattices and universal algebra; define and understand basic properties of lattices and complete lattices; verify simple algebraic statements; apply theoretical results to algorithmic calculations with operations and terms.
- Syllabus
- Lattice theory: semilattices, lattices, lattice homomorphisms, modular and distributive lattices, Boolean algebras, complete lattices, fixed point theorems, closure operators, completion of partially ordered sets, Galois connections, algebraic lattices.
- Universal algebra: algebras, subalgebras, homomorphisms, term algebras, congruences, quotient algebras, direct products, subdirect products, identities, varieties, free algebras, presentations, Birkhoff's theorem, completeness theorem for equational logic, algebraic specifications, rewriting systems.
- Literature
- BURRIS, Stanley N. and H. P. SANKAPPANAVAR. A course in universal algebra. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1981, 276 s. ISBN 0387905782. info
- PROCHÁZKA, Ladislav. Algebra. 1. vyd. Praha: Academia, 1990, 560 s. info
- BICAN, Ladislav and Jiří ROSICKÝ. Teorie svazů a univerzální algebra. Vyd. 1. Praha: Ministerstvo školství, mládeže a tělovýchovy ČSR, 1989, 84 s. info
- Teaching methods
- Lectures: theoretical explanation using videos for offline study. Exercises (online): solving problems with the aim of understanding basic concepts and theorems.
- Assessment methods
- Examination written (pass mark 50%) and oral.
- Language of instruction
- Czech
- Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
- Study Materials
The course is taught once in two years.
- Enrolment Statistics (recent)