CZS01 Remodelling Political Culture in Central Europe after 1989: Example of the Czech Republic on Central European Background

Celouniverzitní studia
podzim 2007
Rozsah
2/0. 8 kr. Ukončení: zk.
Vyučující
PhDr. Pavel Pšeja, Ph.D. (přednášející)
prof. PhDr. Vít Hloušek, Ph.D. (přednášející)
PhDr. David Müller, Ph.D. (přednášející)
Garance
PhDr. Thomas Donaldson Sparling, B.A.
Celouniverzitní studia
Kontaktní osoba: Mgr. Martin Vašek
Rozvrh
Út 18. 9. až Út 11. 12. Út 10:00–11:40 U35
Omezení zápisu do předmětu
Předmět je určen pouze studentům mateřských oborů.

Předmět si smí zapsat nejvýše 35 stud.
Momentální stav registrace a zápisu: zapsáno: 0/35, pouze zareg.: 0/35
Mateřské obory/plány
Cíle předmětu
The course is conceived to give the students a basic insight into the trends and events that have influenced/or affected recent political and social developments in the Czech Republic, and have significantly contributed to the present character of political institutions and political life in the country. However, even when the explanations related to the Czech political and social developments constitute the core of the course, they serve to give examples of tendencies observable in the region of Central Europe as a whole. Therefore after a general historical introduction, and a survey of political and social processes in the Czech Republic, here serving as a model of case study, comparison with similar developments in other Central European countries will be given as well. Issues like formation of parties and party systems in Central Europe, building new institutions, regional co-operation, and influences of the EU enlargements are important part of the course. In this way, the course outlines the Czech position within the broader Central and Eastern European context and makes possible comparison with changes in the region as a whole.
Osnova
  • Course structure 1. Introduction: structure and logic of the course, assignments, responsibilities (18. 9.) Lecturer: Pavel Pšeja 2. Notion of Central Europe and its relationship to the history of the region (25. 9.) Lecturer: Pavel Pšeja Objective: To inform students about the broad background and differing dimensions of the notion of Central Europe. Lecture: The term “Central Europe” will be discussed in some depth, especially with regard to different cultural, political and social interpretations of the area. The lecture aims at explaining specific features of Central European culture and identity, thus giving specific background to further discussions in classses. Students will be invited to express their own opinions on the phenomenon and compare it with the respective societies of their countries, their cultural and historical roots. Assigned reading: Johnson, Lonnie R. (2002), pp. 3-12. Wandycz, Piotr S. (2001), pp. 1-11. Additional reading: Johnson, Lonnie R. (2002): Central Europe: Enemies, Neighbours, Friends, 2nd edition, Oxford University Press, Oxford. Wandycz, Piotr S. (2001): The Price of Freedom: A history of East Central Europe from the Middle Ages to the present, 2nd edition, Routledge, London. Issues for discussion: The cultural meaning of the notion of Central Europe. Explain the role played by the German population in forming Central Europe. 3. Czech history as a key to understanding contemporary behaviour: ideas, trends, cornerstones (2. 10.) Lecturer: Pavel Pšeja Objective: To explain importance of history for contemporary social and political behaviour. Lecture: In this session, key points in the older Czech (and Czechoslovak) history will be discusses and presented as fundamentals of present political culture and public policy in the Czech Republic. Historical relations of Czechs and Germans, psychological dimensions of the Czech identity, fears of assimilation as a reason for political views, language as a myth legitimizing self-perceptions of the Czech nation, creation of Czechoslovakia, all these issues and many others are to be elaborated in as much details as possible. Assigned reading: Fawn, Rick (2000), The Czech Republic: A Nation of Velvet, Harwood Publishers, Amsterdam, pp. 1-13. Innes, Abby (2001), Czechoslovakia: The Short Goodbye, Yale University Press, New Haveh, pp. 1-16. Additional reading: Hájek, Jan; Kolář, František; Matoušek, Václav; Vágner, Petr. The Heart of Europe, Theo Publishing, Pardubice, 2000. Issues for discussion: Explain the relation of Czechs and Slovaks. Describe circumstances of dismemberment of Czechoslovakia in 1938. 4. Social and political background of the Czech society – years of the communist regime (9. 10.) Lecturer: Pavel Pšeja Objective: To inform students about the changes in the character of Czech society in the years of the communist regime. Lecture: Detailed information about the processes and developments that influenced the behaviour of the Czech society under communist rule will be given in this lecture. A brief analysis will also be made with regard to the damages the communist regime inflicted upon Czech society and in what way it affected not only its internal nature, but its position in the international community as well. As a final point, changes related to the fall of the communist regime will be discussed as well. First position paper on “Your Ideas About Living in a Totalitarian Society” shall be submitted for this session. Assigned reading: Fawn, Rick (2000), pp. 14-26. Innes, Abby (2001), pp. 19-38. Additional reading: Hájek, Jan; Kolář, František; Matoušek, Václav; Vágner, Petr. The Heart of Europe, Theo Publishing, Pardubice, 2000. Skilling, H. G.: The Czechoslovak Constitutional System: The Soviet Impact. Political Science Quarterly, Vol. 67, No. 2. (Jun., 1952), pp. 198-224. Issues for discussion: The conditions under which the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia seized power in 1948. The whole notion of “normalization”. 5. Social and political background of the Czech society – “velvet revolution” and “velvet divorce” (16. 10.) Lecturer: Pavel Pšeja Objective: To explain trends leading towards the change of the regime and consequent dissolution of Czechoslovakia. Lecture: Analysis of reason leading to so-called “velvet revolution” will be presented in the first part of the lecture. The attention will be paid not only to internal influences, but also to the quality of international environment as a background of the regime change in Czechoslovakia. In the second part diferences between Czech and Slovak part of the state will be discussed with a special emphasis on the role of economy and nationalism in the process of gradual break-up of Czechoslovakia. Assigned reading: Kraus, Michael, Stanger, Allison (eds.), Irreconcilable Differences? Explaining Czechoslovakia’s Dissolution, Rowman & Littlefield, Lanham 2000, pp. 7-25. Additional reading: Olson, David M. “Democratization and Political Participation: The Experience of the Czech Republic”. In Dawisha, K., Parrott, B., The Consolidation of Democracy in East-Central Europe. Cambridge: CUP, 1997, pp. 150-196. Večerník, Jiří; Matějů, Petr, eds. Ten Years of Rebuilding Capitalism: Czech Society after 1989. Praha: Academia, 1999. Issues for discussion: The role played by the Czech and Slovak political parties at the “velvet divorce”. The role played by the Czech and Slovak mass media at the “velvet divorce”. 6. The party and political systems in the Czech Republic and their impacts on the political culture (23. 10.) Lecturer: Pavel Pšeja Objective: To gain an understanding of the general development of the Czech party and political systems and of their nature. Lecture: In this lecture the students will be informed about the major parties operating within the Czech party system, the basic characteristics of the system as such, and the developments within the system in the last fifteen years. Some attention will be paid to the structural aspects of how party and political systems function and to key structural patterns and inefficiencies exhibited in the Czech political system. Assigned reading: Fiala, Petr; Mareš, Miroslav; Pšeja, Pavel. “The development of Political Parties and the Party System”. In Večerník, Jiří, Matějů, Petr, eds. Ten Years of Rebuilding Capitalism: Czech Society after 1980. Praha: Academia, 1999, pp. 273-294. Additional reading: Večerník, Jiří; Matějů, Petr, eds. Ten Years of Rebuilding Capitalism: Czech Society after 1989. Praha: Academia, 1999. Grzymala-Busse, Anna Maria (2002), Redeeming the communist past: the regeneration of communist parties in East Central Europe, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Issues for discussion: The main political parties in the Czech party system. The basic stages of the development of the Czech party system. 7. Workshop on Central European developments since 1989 and tendencies towards integration – emergence of formalized structures (Central European Initiative /CEI/, Visegrad Group, Central European Free Trade Association /CEFTA/) (30. 10.) Lecturer: Pavel Pšeja Objective: To explain political developments in Central European region since 1989 and highlight attempts at broader co-operation. Workshop: Immediately after democratic changes taking place in 1989, and in some cases even before that date, Central Europe witnessed a rising trend to organize a regional co-operation based on common political and social experience, and focused on enhancing economic and security position of respective countries, as well as on promoting their interests in relation to the European Union. Co-operative projects in Central Europe, i.e. developments of Central European Initiative, Visegrad Group and CEFTA, will be dealt with through projects prepared by students and focused on their major features and influences. Assigned reading: Dangerfield, Martin (1999): “Sub-regional Economic Cooperation in CEFTA: Past Performance and Future Prospects”, in The Role of CEFTA in the Process of EU Enlargement, Institute of International Relations, Prague, pp. 25-31. Lukáč, Pavol (2001): “Visegrad Co-operation – Ideas, Developments and Prospects”, Slovak Foreign Policy Affairs. Vol. II, No. I, pp. 6-23. Skjalm, Karsten (1999): “CEFTA and the EU Enlargement Process: an Asymmetrical Bargaining Exercise”, in The Role of CEFTA in the Process of EU Enlargement, Institute of International Relations, Prague, pp. 37-44. Additional reading: Brusis, Martin (2002): “Prospects of Visegrad Cooperation in an Enlarged European Union”, in Šťastný, Marek (ed.): Visegrad Countries in an Enlarged Trans-Atlantic Community, Institute for Public Affairs, Bratislava, pp. 67-84. Réti, Tamás (2002): “Visegrad Economies – Heading for European Union”, in Šťastný, Marek (ed.): Visegrad Countries in an Enlarged Trans-Atlantic Community, Institute for Public Affairs, Bratislava, pp. 139-166. Issues for discussion: Reasons for regional co-operation, its failures and successes. Possibilities of co-operation in relation to EU membership. 8. Workshop on Central Europe in Transition: Developments in Slovakia, Poland, and Hungary (6. 11.) Lecturer: Pavel Pšeja Objective: To outline major elements in respective developments taking place in three other countries. Workshop: In this session, internal developments of these countries will be elaborated. In their projects, students will address issues like characteristics of political system, elements of (re)emerging political culture and some major points of political and social controversy, thus bringing up new points of view. Moreover, lecturer will take care to relate developments under discussion to similar processes in the Czech Republic, and to show what common features (and discrepancies) are to found in Central European countries. Assigned reading: Michta, Andrew A. (1999): “Democratic consolidation in Poland after 1989”, in Dawisha, Karen, Parrott, Bruce (eds.), The Consolidation of Democracy in East-Central Europe, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 66-108. Tökés, Rudolf L. (1999): “Party politics and political participation in postcommunist Hungary”, in Dawisha, Karen, Parrott, Bruce (eds.), The Consolidation of Democracy in East-Central Europe, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 109-149. Wolchik, Sharon L. (1999): “Democratization and political participation in Slovakia”, in Dawisha, Karen, Parrott, Bruce (eds.), The Consolidation of Democracy in East-Central Europe, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 197-244. Additional reading: Ágh, Attila (1998): The Politics of Central Europe, Sage, London. Batt, Judy, Lewis, Paul G., White, Stephen (eds., 2003), Developments in Central and East European Politics 3, Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke. Issues for discussion: Comparison of similarities and differences in the political development of four Central European countries. Discussion of attitudes towards communist past. 9. Post-communist party pluralism in Central Europe I. – Emergence and specific features of pluralistic party arrangements in post-communist political systems (13. 11.) Lecturer: Vít Hloušek Objective: To offer basic information about emergence and development of party pluralisms in Central European countries in the context of general processes of democratic transformation. Lecture: Analysis of new Central European post-communist party arrangements represents one of the current and conspicuous challenges to party system research. Lecture will focus on the development of some of the most important party pluralisms in Central Europe (Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Poland, Slovenia, and Croatia) during the 1990s. Special attention will be paid to an analysis of the emergence and development of new party arrangement after the break of communist regimes. Assigned reading: Ágh, Attila (1998): The Politics of Central Europe. London-Thousand Oaks-New Delhi: SAGE, pp. 101-139. Strmiska, Maxmilián (2001): Challenges of Consolidation and the Post-Communist Party Systems. Brno: MPU MU, Part B. Issues for discussion: The concept of “umbrella movement” in post-communist context – postmodern notion or structure “by chance”? The importance of the “Social Democratization” of post-communist parties and its impact on Central Eastern European party systems. The nature and implications of the “transition” of post-communist party systems. 10. Post-communist party pluralism in Central Europe II. – Central European party systems between consolidation and Europeanization (20. 11.) Lecturer: Vít Hloušek Objective: To continue in information from the first lesson and to present some methodological tools for the analysis of contemporary Central European party systems. Lecture: Central European party systems reached new period of consolidation since the end 1990s. The aim of the lecture is to discuss further development of selected Central European party arrangements (Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Poland, Slovenia, and Croatia). This topic will be concluded by some methodological tools developed for the analysis of these party systems. The developmental analysis of so-called cleavages of transformation will be offered as the methodologically proper research tool for such an analysis. Possibilities of so-called Europeanization in this area will be also discussed. Assigned reading: Sitter, Nick (2001): Beyond Class vs. Nation? Cleavages Structures and Party Competition in Central Europe, Central European Political Science Review, Vol. 2, No. 3, 67-91. Ladrech, R. (2001): Europeanization and Political Parties: Towards a Framework for Analysis. Keele European Parties Research Unit, Working Paper 7. Keele University. Issues for discussion: The nature and implications of the “consolidation” of post-communist party systems. Europeanization – is it suitable concept for contemporary Central European party systems? 11. EU enlargement and Central Europe: General Trends and Features (27. 11.) Lecturer: David Müller Objective: To provide a general overview of the main features and characteristics of the process of Eastern enlargement from the beginning of the 90' to 2004. Lecture: European Union witnessed significant political and economical changes in the break of 80' and 90' totally unprepared. However, the accession to the EU was seen by the newly emerged democracies in the Central and Eastern Europe as one of the most important objectives of their foreign policies. Consequently, during the 90's EU member states accepted the idea of “inevitability” of future enlargement. During the lesson, most important features, motivations and possible gains and losses of this process will be identified and analysed. Second position paper on “Pros and cons of EU Eastern Enlargement” shall be submitted for this session. Assigned reading: Poole, P. A. (2003): The EU's Eastern Enlargement. Westport – London: Praeger, pp. 31 – 52. Nugent, N. (2004): The EU and the 10 + 2 Enlargement Round: Opportunities and Challenges, in: Nugent, N. (ed.): European Union Enlargement. Basingstoke – New York: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 1 – 21. Issues for discussion: Main motivations for enlargement of the EU member states and main motivations of the acceding countries. Possible impact of enlargement. Cooperation of the new member states within the EU. 12. The Czech Republic and European Union (4. 12.) Lecturer: David Müller Objective: To provide a general overview of the development of Czech-EU relations from the velvet revolution to present days with particular interest in the change of Czech position after EU enlargement. . Lecture: The objective of this lesson is to provide description and background of the mutual relations, regarding individual aspects of the enlargement process and its Czech specifics. Historical part will be combined with the analysis of the transformation of the Czech position in the European Union as a part of its adaption from the candidate country to the member state. Some interest will be given to the position of main Czech political parties, which significantly differs following their approach to the European Union. Assigned readings: Král, D. (2003): Questions over the future shape of Czech EU policies – a Czech cohabition? Europeum (http://www.europeum.org/cz/komentare.asp). Kratochvíl, P. (2003): Qualified Majority Voting and the Interests of the Czech Republic. Europeum (http://www.europeum.org/cz/analyzy.asp). Additional readings: Regular Report of the European Commission on the Czech Republic 2003. European Union on-line (http://europa.eu.int/comm/enlargement/report_2003/pdf/cmr_cz_final.pdf). Issues for discussion: Accession to the EU as a completion of “return to Europe” process Position of middle-size member of the European Union considering its voting powers Change of the Czech external and foreign policies after its accession to the EU
Metody hodnocení
Assignments 1) Two brief position papers (app. 4.000 characters) on topics as indicated below in the syllabus. Some of these position papers may be presented in the classes. A good position paper includes: 1. Personal opinion(s) of the author. 2. Well-argued issues for the discussion. Deadlines to submit the papers are October 7 (for details see week 4 in the “Course Structure”) and November 25 (for details see week 11 in the “Course Structure”) 2) Review of a website – students are expected to select web site(s) of (a) Central European country (official pages), (b) particular ministries and/or agencies of Central European countries, and (c) selected think-tanks and other policy institutions (any of these options is eligible), write up a short paper (app. 8.000 characters) that briefly summarizes contents of page(s) under review, and offers some personal reaction/commentary. Did you find the site useful or interesting? What points you have found attractive or difficult to grasp? Would you recommend any site? Why? Etc. Deadlines to submit the review are October 28, or November 4 respectively (depending on your selection of a topic). 3) Group project – students will work in groups of 3 or 4 members. Each group is required to choose one of the following countries (Slovakia, Poland, Hungary, while papers enabling for comparative approach – possibly including the Czech Republic – are also eligible) and will present details of its political system and/or political development. Another option is to elaborate developments and structures of organizations of Central European co-operation, i.e. CEFTA, CEI, Visegrad Group (for explanations please see sessions 7 and 8 in the syllabus). Deadlines to submit the project handout are October 28, or November 4 respectively (depending on your selection of a topic). Examination procedure The final examination consists of a written test involving 4 questions that cover topics lectured in the classes and/or contained in the assigned readings. Each question is for 10 points, i.e. 40 altogether. The test will be written in December 11, 10 am, the same room in which classes shall be held. Grading Two position papers – 20 % of the final mark Review of a website – 10 % of the final mark Group project – 30 % of the final mark Final exam – 40 % of the final mark The threshold to pass is 55 points of 100 possible. The mark scale is as follows: A 82-100, B 75-81, C 68-74, D 61-67, E 55-60, F 0-54.
Vyučovací jazyk
Angličtina
Informace učitele
http://www.rect.muni.cz/ois/students/special_programs%2C_individual_courses/cesp
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Studijní materiály
Předmět je vyučován každý semestr.
Předmět je zařazen také v obdobích jaro 2003, podzim 2003, jaro 2004, podzim 2004, podzim 2005, podzim 2006, jaro 2007, jaro 2008, podzim 2008, jaro 2009, podzim 2009, jaro 2010, podzim 2010, jaro 2011, podzim 2011, jaro 2012, podzim 2012, jaro 2013, podzim 2013, jaro 2014, jaro 2015, jaro 2017, jaro 2018.