VLFA072 Pharmacology

Faculty of Medicine
Autumn 2005
Extent and Intensity
2/3/0. 19 credit(s). Type of Completion: RZk (examination).
Teacher(s)
prof. MUDr. Alexandra Šulcová, CSc. (lecturer)
prof. MUDr. Eva McCaskey Hadašová, CSc. (lecturer)
prof MUDr. PhDr. Jan Kovařík, DrSc. (lecturer), prof. MUDr. Alexandra Šulcová, CSc. (deputy)
prof. MUDr. Jiří Vítovec, CSc. (lecturer)
prof MUDr. Hans Armin Dieterich (lecturer), prof. MUDr. Alexandra Šulcová, CSc. (deputy)
prof MUDr. F. Saborowski (lecturer), prof. MUDr. Alexandra Šulcová, CSc. (deputy)
Ing. Pavel Musil (lecturer)
prof. MUDr. Eva McCaskey Hadašová, CSc. (seminar tutor)
MUDr. Jana Nováková, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
MUDr. Jana Pistovčáková, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
PharmDr. Miroslav Dostálek, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
doc. Mgr. MVDr. Leoš Landa, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
MUDr. Mgr. Karel Šlais, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
doc. PharmDr. Jan Juřica, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
PharmDr. Lenka Paráková, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
PharmDr. Lucia Zendulková Zahradníková, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
doc. PharmDr. Jana Rudá, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
doc. PharmDr. Ondřej Zendulka, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
Mgr. Barbora Říhová, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
Guaranteed by
prof. MUDr. Alexandra Šulcová, CSc.
Department of Pharmacology – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
Contact Person: prof. MUDr. Alexandra Šulcová, CSc.
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is only offered to the students of the study fields the course is directly associated with.
fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
Syllabus
  • AUTUMN SEMESTER
  • LECTURES
  • 26. 9. Introduction to psychopharmacology. Neurotransmiter mechanisms and specific neurotransmiter systems. 3.10. Antipsychotics, treatment of psychosis, undesirable effects. Drugs for affective (mood) disorders, Ist - III. (IV.)rd generations of antidepressants, anti-manic drugs. 10. 10. Nootropics. Anti-Parkinson pharmacotherapy, (dopaminergic drugs, central anticholinergic drugs). Drugs used in Alzheimer`s disease and other states of dementia. 17. 10. Drug addiction, mechanisms, treatment and prevention. Nicotin, side effects, toxicity, clinical problems. Therapy and prevention of nicotinism. 24.10. Anti-infective agents. Basic strategies of antimicrobial therapy, uses in pediatrics, during pregnancy and lactation, in patients with organ disorders. 31.10. Drugs affecting coagulation, fibrinolysis, and platelet aggregation 7.11. Antihypertensives. Diuretics, antiadrenergics, vasodilatators, combinative pharmacotherapy. 14. 11. Pharmacotherapy of heart failure. Inotropic drugs, digitalis, amrinone, dobutamine - pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, adverse effects, interactions, management of overdosage. Present standard of pharmacotherapy in patients with heart failure 21. 11. Pharmacotherapy of cardiac arrythmias. I.A - affecting membrane functions, quinidine-like effects; I.B - affecting mebrane functions with anesthetic effects; I.C - lorcainide, flecainide, propafenone; II. - beta-blockers; III. - increasing APD; IV. - calcium channel antagonists 28.11. Anti-anginal agents (nitrites, beta-adrenergic blockers, calcium entry blockers). Lipid lowering agents (bile acid ion-exchange resins, cholesterol synthesis inhibitors, fibric acid derivates, nicotinic acid, others).
  • SEMINARS Day 1 (Mon) - Introduction, organisatory remarks. Distribution of co-talks: Antibiotics and chemotherapeutics (6 topics). Sulfonamides, trimethoprim. Quinolones. Antituberculous drugs. Antiretroviral antivirotics. Antiherpetics. Histamine, H 1-3 receptors. Therapy of anaphylactic shock. Immunostimulation. Immunosuppression. 1 - ANALGESICS. Opioid and nonopioid analgesics. Pharmacotherapy of pain. Prescription and practical use of analgesic preparations. 2 - NON-STEROIDAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY DRUGS, DRUGS USED IN GOUT. Mechanisms of action and classification of antiinflammatory and antirheumatic drugs (NSAIDs and the 2nd-line agents). Drugs used in therapy of gout. Getting ready for the next lesson: NEW: Central neurotransmitters and sites of drug effects in CNS. Basic psychical functions. Revision: Authonomic nervous system (see spring semester). Day 2 (Tue) - 3 - PSYCHOTROPIC DRUGS. Classification and terminology of psychotropics. Pharmacology of anxiolytics and hypnosedatives. Mechanism of action of benzodiazepines. Work with PC - Microlabs, antidepressants. Prescription of hypnosedatives and psychostimulants. 4 - GENERAL ANAESTHETICS. Combined and balanced anaesthesia. Signs and stages of general anaesthesia. Inhaled and injected anaesthetics - classification and characteristics. Video-programme:General anaesthesia (cz). Getting ready for the next lesson: Revision: L 1 - 4 (analgesics and antiinflammatory drugs, classification and basic characteristics of psychotropic drugs, general anaesthetics). NEW: Pathophysiology of bronchial asthma. Co-talks: Role of histamine in the organism, receptors. Therapy of anaphylactic shock. Day 3 (Wed) - REVISING TEST I (Overhead-test with subsequent discussion) Analgesics and antiinflammatory drugs, classification and basic characteristics of psychotropic drugs, general anaesthetics. 5 - H1-ANTIHISTAMINES. Co-talk: Histamine; pathophysiological role, H1- H2 - H3 receptors. Classification and clinical use of H1-antihistamines. 6 - ANTIASTHMATICS. Pathophysiology of bronchial asthma, sites and mechanisms of action of antiasthma drugs. Co-talk: Therapy of anaphylactic shock. Prescription of antitussives, expectorants, antiasthmatics. Getting ready for the next lesson: Prescription of analgesics and hypnosedatives, respiratory tract. Day 4 (Thu) - PRESCRIPTION TEST: DRUGS ACTING IN CNS, RESPIRATORY TRACT (classified). 7 - LOCAL ANAESTHETICS. Mechanism of action, classification, practical use and prescription. 8 - SURFACE-ACTIVE DRUGS. Disinfectants, antiseptics, antifungal agents, other surface-active drugs. Prescription and use of selected surface-active preparations used in dermatology. Stomatological preparations. Getting ready for the next lesson: Revision: Authonomic nervous system. NEW: Diabetes mellitus. Peptic ulcer. Day 5 (Fri) - REVISING TEST II (Overhead-test with subsequent discussion). Autonomic nervous system (revision from the autumn semester). 9 - ANTIDIABETIC DRUGS. IDDM and NIDDM, principles of treatment. Insulin and its receptors. Insulin preparations, oral antidiabetics. 10 - DRUGS USED IN ULCER DISEASE, ANTIEMETICS. Classification, mechanisms of action and clinical use of drugs in therapy of peptic ulcer and vomiting. Getting ready for the next lesson: NEW: Adrenal corticosteroids. Anticancer agents. Co-talks: Immunosuppression, immunomodulation. Day 6 (Mon) - 11 - GLUCOCORTICOIDS Natural and synthetic adrenocorticosteroids, steroid receptors, mechanism of action, pharmacological use and side effects. 12 - PHARMACOLOGY OF ANTICANCER DRUGS. IMMUNOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES. Classification, mechanisms of action, clinical use of anticancer agents. Co-talks: Immunosuppression, immunomodulation. Getting ready for the next lesson: Revision: Prescriptions of local anesthetics, selected surface-active drugs, ready-made preparations. NEW: Co-talks: Narrow-spectrum and beta-lactamase resistant penicillins. Intermediate and broad-spectrum penicillins. Cephalosporins. Aminoglycosides. Macrolides, lincosamines. Chloramphenicol and tetracyclines. Antituberculous drugs. Sulphonamides and trimethoprim. Quinolones. Antiretroviral antivirotics. Antiherpetics. Day 7 (Tue) - FINAL PRESCRIPTION TEST (classified): Local anesthetics, selected surface-active drugs, ready-made preparations Theme: 13 - ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS Classification, mechanisms of action, combinations of antibiotics and chemotherapeutics. Co-talks. 14 - ANTIBACTERIAL CHEMOTHERAPEUTICS AND ANTIVIRAL AGENTS. Drugs acting in intestinal and urinary infections. Co-talks: Quinolones. Antiretroviral antivirotics. Antiherpetics. Antituberculous agents. Getting ready for the final test: Revision: L 9 - 14 (local anesthetics, glucocorticoids, anticancer drugs, therapy of diabetes and ulcer disease. Day 8 (Wed) - FINAL REVISING TEST (Overhead-test III, classified). Substitution tests. CREDITS.
Literature
  • Lincová, Dagmar - Farghali, Hassan a kol. Základní a aplikovaná farmakologie. 1. vydání. Praha: Galén, Karolinum, 2002. 601 s. ISBN 80-7262-168-8 (Galén), ISBN 80-246-0538-4 (Karolinum).
  • Hadaová, Eva - Nováková, Jana - Pistováková, Jana - Vinklerová, Jana - ulcová, Alexandra - Starobová, Olga. Praktická cviení z farmakologie. 2. vydání. Brno : Masarykova univerzita v Brn, 2003. 110 s. Skripta. ISBN 80-210-3295-2.
  • ŠULCOVÁ, Alexandra. Poznámky k přednáškám z farmakologie. 1. vyd. Brno: Masarykova univerzita, 1993, 97 s. ISBN 80-210-0640-4. info
Assessment methods (in Czech)
Výuka probíhá dvousemestráln, formou pednáek (kontinuáln po celý semestr) a cviení (blokov), ve je povinné. Ukonení - rigorózní zkouka sloená ze 2 ástí: I. praktická ást -preskripce lék, II. teoretická ást - ústní projev, student si vylosuje 1 trojotázku a písemný projev, multivýbrový test.
SYLABUS POADOVANÉ LÁTKY KE ZKOUCE Z FARMAKOLOGIE
Obecná farmakologie
Definice, Pharmacopoea, léková preskripce.
Zpsoby aplikace lék, absorpce, distribuce, biotransformace, exkrece, základy farmakokinetiky.
Farmakodynamika, specifické a nespecifické mechanismy úink lék, receptorová teorie úink lék, vztah dávka-úinek a koncentrace-úinek, racionální a neracionální lékové kombinace.
Farmakogenetika.
Neádoucí úinky lék, toxické vedlejí úinky, alergické reakce, sekundární vedlejí úinky, látková závislost.
Lékové interakce, farmakodynamické interakce, farmakokinetické interakce, interakce mezi slokami potravy a léky.
Vývoj nového léku, klinické pokusy.
Obecné zásady terapie otrav.
Speciální farmakologie
Psychoaktivní látky, neuroleptika, antidepresiva, trankvilizéry, psychostimulancia, nootropika, psychotomimetika, hypnosedativa, anorektika.
Analgetika. Opioidy, nenarkotická analgetika. Nesteroidní antiflogistika.
Celková a lokální anestetika.
Myorelaxancia. Antikonvulsiva, antiepileptika.
Antiparkinsonika. Antiemetika.
Ganglioplegika.
Léky ovlivující sympatický nervový systém, pímá a nepímá sympatomimetika, selektivní a neselektivní antagonisti adrenergních receptor, sympatolytika.
Látky ovlivující parasympatický nervový systém, pímá a nepímá cholinergika, parasymaptolytika.
Hormony hypothalamu, hypofýzy, títné lázy, antithyreoidální látky, insulin, perorální antidiabetika, antihypoglykemika, glukokortikoidy, mineralokortikoidy, estrogeny, antiestrogeny, progestiny, hormonální antikoncepce, androgeny, antiandrogeny, anabolika, ikosanoidy, tokolytika.
Histamin, H1, H2 antihistaminika.
Krevní náhrady, hemostatika, antikoagulancia.
Hypolipidemika.
Kardiotonika, antiarytmika, antianginosní látky, antihypertensiva, diuretika, antidiuretika.
Antiastmatika, antitusika, expektorancia.
Acida a digestiva, antacida, látky sniující motilitu GIT, prokinetika, laxancia, choleretika a cholekinetika.
Kontrastní látky.
Vitamíny.
Antiinfekní látky, antibiotika, antituberkulotika, antimykotika, antimalarika, sulfonamidy, chemoterapeutika.
Imunomodulancia, imunosupresiva.
Chemoterapeutika nádorových onemocnní, blokátory mitosy, alkylaní inidla, antimetabolity, ostatní cytostatika, antibiotika, hormony, radioaktivní isotopy.
Language of instruction
Czech
Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
The course is taught annually.
The course is taught: in blocks.
The course is also listed under the following terms Autumn 2000, Autumn 2001, Autumn 2002, Autumn 2003, Autumn 2004.
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