BOFO0131p Physical Optics I - lecture

Faculty of Medicine
Autumn 2009
Extent and Intensity
2/0/0. 2 credit(s). Type of Completion: z (credit).
Teacher(s)
prof. RNDr. Ivan Ohlídal, DrSc. (lecturer)
Guaranteed by
prof. RNDr. Ivan Ohlídal, DrSc.
Department of Plasma Physics and Technology – Physics Section – Faculty of Science
Contact Person: Anna Petruželková
Timetable
Mon 10:00–11:50 F2 6/2012
Prerequisites
The following items are needed for passing this course:
1) Knowledge of mathematics on the level corresponding to secondary schools.
2) Knowledge of physics in fields of waves and optics on the level corresponding to secondary schools.
3) Ability to perform considerations in logic on the level of secondary schools.
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is only offered to the students of the study fields the course is directly associated with.
fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
Course objectives
This is a basic lecture of physics. Its aims are as follows:
1) Presentation of the basic principles and pieces of knowledge of introduction in physical optics.
2) Achievement of the situation in which students are able to understand these principles and pieces of knowledge by means of mathematics corresponding to secondary schools.
3) Using a presentation of suitable experiments to show the relationship between theory and practice in physical optics.
Students passing this course will be able to study the following lecture i.e. BOFO0232p - Physical Optics II.
Syllabus
  • Light – electromagnetic waves. Mathematical description of the light waves. Wavefront, beam. Plane wave. Spherical wave. Cylindrical waves. Monochromatic waves. Propagation of the light waves. Huygens-Fresnel principle. Using the Huygens-Fresnel principle for interpretation of the reflection and refraction of light at the interface of two media and for interpretation of the diffraction of light. The influence of media on the propagation of light waves (homogeneous and inhomogenous media, layered media and media with a gradient, isotropic and anisotropic media). Reflection and refraction of light at the interface of two medium. Fresnels coefficients. Brewsters angle for polarization of reflected light. Superposition of light waves. Superposition of monochromatic waves propagating in the same direction. Superposition of waves propagating in the opposite direction. Interference - a coherent superposition of light waves. Mathematical description. The coherence of waves. Two-beam interference. Youngs interference experiment. Fresnel double prism. Fresnel mirrors. Interference by reflection on a planparallel slab and on a optical wedge. Localization of the interference pattern. Basic types of two-beam interferometers: Murty interferometer, Michelson interferometer, Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Utilization of two-beam interferometers for visualization of phase objects, for distance measurements and for investigation of shape and quality of optical surfaces. Multiple beam interferometry, Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI). Utilization of FPI for a high-resolution spectroscopy. FPI as an optical resonator (optical cavity). Interference filters. Antireflection coatings. Cold mirrors. UV filters. Diffraction of the light. Fresnel diffraction. Fraunhofer diffraction. Fraunhofer diffraction of light waves on a slit, on a circular hole, on a system of slits and on a system of circular holes. Influence of the diffraction to a resolution of optical instruments. Grating spectroscope. The polarization of the light. Propagation of the light wave in anisotropic media. Elliptically polarized light wave. Light wave with linear and circular polarization. Propagation of light in uniaxial crystals. Ordinary and extraordinary rays. Polarizing elements: polarizers, compensators, phase plates. Applications. Rotary polarization. Light sources. Detectors. The lectures are accompanied by demonstrations of optical phenomena. The exercises follow the topics presented in the lectures.
Literature
  • Saleh, B.E.A. and Teich, M.C.: Základy fotoniky. 1. - 4. svazek. Praha: MATFYZPRESS, 1996. 1055 s.
  • Klein, M.V.: Optics. New York: Wiley, 1970. 647 p.
  • Saleh, B.E.A. and Teich, M.C.: Fundamentals of Photonics. New York: Wiley, 1991. 966 p.
  • Svobodová a kol.:Přehled středoškolské fyziky, 1996.
  • Fuka, J. and Havelka, B.: Optika. Praha : SPN, 1961. 846 s.
  • Svobodová a kol.: Přehled středoškolské fyziky, 1996
  • Ditchburn, R.W.: Light. London: Blackie, 1965. 632 p.
  • 2. Hecht, E. and Zajac, A.: Optics. Massachusetts: Addison-Wesley, 1974. 555 p.
  • Hlávka Jan, Šikula a kolektiv: Fyzika I., Praha 1987.
  • KUBĚNA, Josef. Úvod do optiky. Brno: Masarykova univerzita, 1994, 181 s. ISBN 8021008350. info
Teaching methods
course
Assessment methods
it will be finished by credit
Language of instruction
Czech
Further Comments
The course is taught annually.
Listed among pre-requisites of other courses
The course is also listed under the following terms Autumn 2000, Autumn 2001, Autumn 2002, Autumn 2003, Autumn 2004, Autumn 2005, Autumn 2006, Autumn 2007, Autumn 2008, Autumn 2010, Autumn 2011, Autumn 2012, Autumn 2013, Autumn 2014, Autumn 2015, Autumn 2016, Autumn 2017, autumn 2018, autumn 2019, autumn 2020, autumn 2021, autumn 2022, autumn 2023, autumn 2024.
  • Enrolment Statistics (Autumn 2009, recent)
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