BONR0341 Refraction of the eye I

Faculty of Medicine
Autumn 2012
Extent and Intensity
2/0/0. 2 credit(s). Type of Completion: z (credit).
Teacher(s)
prof. MUDr. Rudolf Autrata, CSc., MBA (seminar tutor)
Guaranteed by
prof. MUDr. Rudolf Autrata, CSc., MBA
Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology – Institutions shared with the Faculty Hospital Brno (paediatric medicine) – Faculty of Medicine
Contact Person: Anna Petruželková
Supplier department: Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology – Institutions shared with the Faculty Hospital Brno (paediatric medicine) – Faculty of Medicine
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is only offered to the students of the study fields the course is directly associated with.
Course objectives
Subject Refraction of the eye provides students with the knowledge needed to perfect orientation in the field of refractive errors of the eye and in all circumstances related to them. It immediately follows courses geometrical optics, instrumental optics and spectacle optics. In practice, students verify the acquired knowledge in exercises in the exam and optical laboratory at the Faculty of Masaryk University in Brno and ophthalmology departments or clinics. The aims are the comprehensive knowledge in the area of refractive errors of the eye and all circumstances related to them, including examination of refractive errors and their correction.
Syllabus
  • Introduction to Refraction of the eye. Eye problems of refractive errors. - Symptoms of low and high refractive errors. - Visual difficulties. Additional problems. Examination and treatment of refractive errors. - Refraction - Refractive eye system. Refraction of corneal surface. Refraction of lenses. - Reduced eye. Optical physiological defects: diffraction of light, chromatic aberration, chromatic difference of magnification, spherical aberration, decentralization, peripheral aberration, diffractive rings, stenopeic holes. Optical aberrations of the eye pathology, types of ametropia, the nature and incidence of refractive errors. - Anomalies of refraction - Hypermetropia: etiology, optical conditions, accommodation in hypermetropia, normal age-related changes, clinical symptoms and treatment. - Myopia: etiology, progression of myopia, pathological myopia, optical characteristics, clinical symptoms, prognosis and prophylaxis treatment. - Astigmatism: Etiology, types of astigmatism: regular astigmatism, symptoms and treatment , irregular astigmatism - types, symptoms , treatment . - Anomalies of accommodation. - Accommodation: excessive, spasm, impairment, difficulty, weakness and paralysis of accommodation and cycloplegia. - Anomalies of convergence - insufficiency, convergence excess - muscle balance. Binocular vision. – Ortoforias - properties, binocular vision. Heterophorias - etiology, types, symptoms and treatment. Heterotropia - etiology, the vision of the strabism, types and treatment. Amblyopia - Development of binocular vision. Spatial vision. Examination of visual acuity, glasses, ophthalmoscopy. - The importance of the ophthalmologic examination. Detection of near vision and distance vision. - Direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy. Skiascopy
Literature
  • Berke, P. Münschke: Screening. - prüfmethoden der optometrie, nakl. Heidelberg , 1996
  • W. J. Benjamin: Clinical refraction, vyd. Philadelphia, London 1998
Teaching methods
lecture
Assessment methods
credit
Language of instruction
Czech
The course is also listed under the following terms Autumn 2000, Autumn 2001, Autumn 2002, Autumn 2003, Autumn 2004, Autumn 2005, Autumn 2006, Autumn 2007, Autumn 2008, Autumn 2009, Autumn 2010, Autumn 2011.
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