BTVZ0111p Public Health - lecture

Faculty of Medicine
autumn 2018
Extent and Intensity
1/0/0. 1 credit(s). Type of Completion: z (credit).
Teacher(s)
Mgr. Pavlína Kaňová, Ph.D. (lecturer)
Mgr. Bc. Michal Koščík, Ph.D. (lecturer)
Mgr. Aleš Peřina, Ph.D. (lecturer)
Mgr. Bc. Tomáš Pruša (lecturer)
prof. MUDr. Bc. Zuzana Derflerová Brázdová, DrSc. (assistant)
Guaranteed by
Mgr. Pavlína Kaňová, Ph.D.
Department of Public Health – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
Contact Person: Lenka Herníková
Supplier department: Department of Public Health – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
Timetable
Wed 15:00–16:40 B11/334
Prerequisites
The course is designed for students of corresponding fields.
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is only offered to the students of the study fields the course is directly associated with.
fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
Course objectives
The course in Health Care and Policy introduces the students to the analysis of health care systems, managerial and policy issues and techniques for decision-making in health care. The subjects covered include health services research, health policy, health economics, and law.
Learning outcomes
By the end of this course student should be able to:
- describe the term Public Health, describe theoretical framework and practice of Public Health;
- identify managerial and policy issues and techniques for decision-making in health care;
- demonstrate knowledge and understanding of a diverse range of global and national health policies, including current and emerging trends and also of disciplines relevant to the study of health policy, planning and financing (epidemiology, health economic and other social sciences);
- apply his knowledge and skills using a multidisciplinary approach to formulate and evaluate health policies and plans.
Syllabus
  • 1. Introduction to health care: What is meant by "health care"? Lay care: ranges and extent of activities, lay carers, attitudes of formal carers. Inputs to formal health care: staff, facilities, finance. Variations in inputs. Problems of definition. Historical framework for public health and health policy. Cultural conceptions and health beliefs, health as a value.
  • 2. Diseases and medical knowledge: What is meant by "disease"? Difference between objective and subjective explanations of disease. What is meant by "a disease"? How do disease categories arise? Why do such categories change over time? History of medicine: bedside, hospital and laboratory medicine. Clinical approaches to the study of health and disease: case study and case series.
  • 3. Health and public policy: What is health policy? Theoretical approaches to policy making. Political system and public participation. Exogenous factors affecting policy. How far does research influence policy? Implementation of public health policy. United Nations health related organisations. European Health for All strategy. Reforms of health systems. Issues in the Czech Public Health Medicine.
  • 4. The role of epidemiology in health policy: The role of evaluation in therapeutic and prophylactic decision making. Critical assessment and interpretation of scientific data. Evidence based medicine. Meta-analysis. The advantages and limitations of epidemiology in assessing health needs, determining priorities, establishing and evaluating interventions. The value of epidemiological evidence in health policy decision-making. Health information provision for decision making. Information systems in public health.
  • 5. Population and individual strategies in prevention: Primary, secondary and tertiary prevention in the context of the natural history of the disease. Epidemiological uncertainties and their consequences for policy. Tension between strategies for populations and high risk groups for preventive interventions. The advantages and disadvantages of primary care as a setting for health promotion. Behavioural aspects of health promotion interventions at both the individual and community level. Is prevention better than cure?
  • 6. Health need, demand and use: Conceptual model of inputs and processes: felt need, demand, normative need, met need, unmet need, overmet need, illness behaviour, professional judgement and rationing. Clinical iceberg. Measures of utilisation of health care: service-based, population-based. Need and use: effect of age and social class, use/need ratios, inverse care law. Use as a measure of met and unmet need.
  • 7. Organisation of health systéme: Patterns in the organisation of health services. Health systems in industrialised countries. Why compare health systems? Frameworks for comparison. Primary health care.
  • 8. Financing of health care: Public sources of finance. Private sources of finance. Health insurance. Problems of data collection, problems of coordination. Expenditure per capita and as proportion of GDP: problems of definition of expenditure, problems of international comparisons, effect of adjustment on social sector spending. Technology assessment. What financial strategies and methods are available to improve the management of health services?
  • 9. Evaluation of health services: Outcome measures. Efficacy, efficiency, effectiveness. Cost-effectiveness analysis. Cost-utility analysis. Cost-benefit analysis. Humanity of care. Defining equity. Measuring equity. Setting priorities for health services: why set priorities for health services?, stages of priority setting, how to involve the public, consensus development methods.
  • 10. Health services management: Current state of health services. Problems in health services management: lack of knowledge about outcome, lack of use of knowledge about outcome, powerful professions, organisational complexity, environmental changes. Outcome research. Quality assurance: methods for changing behaviour or practice, education, feedback of information, incentives, administrative processes, regulation. Organisational and financial management, modelling with emphasis on regulations for the visually impaired, care and special education.
Literature
    required literature
  • HOLČÍK, Jan. Systém péče o zdraví a zdravotní gramotnost (System of health care and health literacy). 1. vydání. Brno: Masarykova univerzita, 2010, 293 pp. Škola a zdraví pro 21. století. ISBN 978-80-210-5239-0. info
  • HOLČÍK, Jan, Adolf ŽÁČEK and Ilona KOUPILOVÁ. Sociální lékařství. 3. nezměn. vyd. Brno: Masarykova univerzita, 2006, 137 s. ISBN 9788087192153. info
  • ŽÁČEK, A. and J. HOLČÍK. Sociální lékařství II, Úvod do veřejného zdravotnictví. Brno: Masarykova univerzita, 1992, 130 pp. ISBN 80-210-0375-8. info
    recommended literature
  • JANEČKOVÁ, Hana and Helena HNILICOVÁ. Úvod do veřejného zdravotnictví. Vyd. 1. Praha: Portál, 2009, 294 s. ISBN 9788073675929. info
  • STREJČKOVÁ, Alice, Hana PINKAVOVÁ, Jana UHROVÁ and Jaromíra NOVOTNÁ. Veřejné zdravotnictví a výchova ke zdraví. první. Praha: Fortuna, 2007, 119 pp. ISBN 978-80-7168-943. info
Teaching methods
lecture
Assessment methods
Written test:
Get at least 2/3 points (10 out of 15 questions) in the written test.
In case of failure, EACH STUDENT CAN RETAKE THE CREDIT TEST TWO MORE TIMES, only in given terms (according to Masaryk University study and examination regulations).
In case of failure during the third term (second resit), the student must repeat the course in the following school year.
All credit test questions are based on ALL REQUIRED LITERATURE, seminars and lectures.
Language of instruction
Czech
Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
Study Materials
The course is taught annually.
Information on the extent and intensity of the course: 15.
Listed among pre-requisites of other courses
The course is also listed under the following terms Autumn 2013, Autumn 2014, Autumn 2015, Autumn 2016, Autumn 2017, autumn 2019, autumn 2020, autumn 2021, autumn 2022, autumn 2023, autumn 2024.
  • Enrolment Statistics (autumn 2018, recent)
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