BRRO0521p Radiation oncology - lecture

Faculty of Medicine
autumn 2020
Extent and Intensity
6/0. 3 credit(s). Type of Completion: z (credit).
Teacher(s)
prof. MUDr. Pavel Šlampa, CSc. (lecturer)
Mgr. Martin Buček (assistant)
MUDr. Petr Burkoň, Ph.D. (assistant)
MUDr. Hana Doleželová, Ph.D. (assistant)
MUDr. Ludmila Hynková, Ph.D. (assistant)
MUDr. Denis Princ (assistant)
Guaranteed by
prof. MUDr. Pavel Šlampa, CSc.
Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine – Joint workplaces with the University Hospital Brno - workplaces of the Bohunice and Mater. Hospital – Faculty of Medicine
Contact Person: Jitka Halouzková
Supplier department: Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine – Joint workplaces with the University Hospital Brno - workplaces of the Bohunice and Mater. Hospital – Faculty of Medicine
Timetable of Seminar Groups
BRRO0521p/A: Mon 30. 11. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Tue 1. 12. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Wed 2. 12. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Thu 3. 12. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Fri 4. 12. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Mon 7. 12. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Tue 8. 12. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Wed 9. 12. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Thu 10. 12. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Fri 11. 12. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Mon 14. 12. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Tue 15. 12. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Wed 16. 12. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Thu 17. 12. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Fri 18. 12. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska
BRRO0521p/B: Mon 16. 11. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Wed 18. 11. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Thu 19. 11. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Fri 20. 11. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Mon 4. 1. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Tue 5. 1. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Wed 6. 1. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Thu 7. 1. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Fri 8. 1. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Mon 11. 1. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Tue 12. 1. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Wed 13. 1. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Thu 14. 1. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Fri 15. 1. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska
BRRO0521p/C: Mon 19. 10. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Tue 20. 10. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Wed 21. 10. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Thu 22. 10. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Fri 23. 10. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Mon 26. 10. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Tue 27. 10. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Thu 29. 10. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Fri 30. 10. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Mon 2. 11. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Tue 3. 11. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Wed 4. 11. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Thu 5. 11. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Fri 6. 11. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska
BRRO0521p/D: Mon 5. 10. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Tue 6. 10. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Wed 7. 10. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Thu 8. 10. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Fri 9. 10. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Mon 12. 10. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Tue 13. 10. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Wed 14. 10. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Thu 15. 10. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Fri 16. 10. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Mon 9. 11. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Tue 10. 11. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Wed 11. 11. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Thu 12. 11. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska, Fri 13. 11. 12:00–16:10 RAT Vývěska
Prerequisites
BRKR0422p Clinical radiotherapy II - lec && BRKR0422c Clinical radiotherapy II
Fundamentals of biophysics and radiological physics, radiobiology.
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is only offered to the students of the study fields the course is directly associated with.
fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
Course objectives
• to acquaint students with the position of the treatment method, the possibilities of its use in the therapy of malignant tumors and non-cancerous diseases; to get acquainted with the most modern ways of radiation potentiation, • Students will be acquainted with the basics of radiotherapy planning, radiation design with selection of the most suitable source of radiation, techniques and fractionation regime, but also with the solution of acute and late post radar reactions; further learn about the basics of psychological approach to irradiated patients, • Students will acquire the basic skills in the practical preparation of radiation plans, the selection of the most suitable sources and techniques and the transfer of these data through the radiation protocol to their own management of radiation treatment; at the same time, they come into direct contact with an irradiated patient, with all the resulting facts. Use of communication knowledge, in the field of health law and with regard to radiation protection at work.
Learning outcomes
It provides students with comprehensive and multidisciplinary treatment of malignant tumors, especially with the use of ionizing radiation therapy. Teaching is also the treatment of non-cancerous diseases by means of ionizing radiation.
Syllabus
  • 1. Definition of the terms clinical and radiation oncology, their meaning 2. Methods of treatment - local and systemic 3. Radical and palliative treatment 4. Definition and position of radiotherapy 5. Characteristics of tumors, their distribution, TNM classification 6. Quality assurance - ensuring the quality of radiation treatment 7. Strategy and treatment tactics 8. Application of radiophysics - dosimetry in vivo and in vitro, phantoms, legislation 9. Application of radiobiology - therapeutic width and ratio, oxygen effect, fractionation, LET, BED, LQ model 10. Types of doses and their meaning, dose specification 11. Radiation volumes, their determination, meaning and definition of critical structures 12. Inputs for the creation of the radiation plan - used examinations and methods, creation of the radiation protocol 13. Radiation Plan - Treatment planning procedure in 2D, 3D and 4D, radiation conditions, source selection 14. Focusing of the beam - cooperation and patient placement, psychological approach to patients 15. Fastening masks and equipment, plotting of fields 16. Planning and verification systems, their interconnection 17. Radiation beam modifications - unequal field loads, grid, wedge fields, blocking blocks, multileaf collimator, IMRT, field separation 18. Simulator, CT simulator, planning CT, MR and PET examination, verification possibilities 19. Static and motion irradiation techniques, their specification and most frequent use 20. X-ray therapy - indication, meaning and distribution, advantages and disadvantages 21. Characteristics of megavolt radiotherapy, principles of basic irradiators, importance of gradient graphs 22. Radioisotope sources and their characteristics 23. Utilization of accelerated particles in radiotherapy - electron, proton, neutron and heavy particle radiation, their significance, indications, advantages and disadvantages, Bragg peak 24. Brachyradiotherapy - definition, distribution (LDR, MDR, HDR, PDR, manual and automatic afterloaging), resources and techniques used (linear emitter, interstitial and intracavitary applications, mullahs), planning and most frequent indications 25. Radiotherapy potentiation - combinations with surgical, sequential and concomitant chemotherapy, radiosensitizers and radioprotective, hyperbaric and hypoxiadiotherapy 26. Characteristics and importance of hyperthermia, its use in clinical practice 27. Photodynamic therapy 28. Radiotherapy of head and neck cancer, breast, lung and mediastinal, CNS, GIT, skin, gynecological, urinary tract, sarcomas, haematological malignancies (lymphomas and leukemias). Radiotherapy of children. Palliative irradiation 29. Radiotherapy non-tumor - indications and contraindications, used sources and techniques 30. Side effects of radiation, acute and chronic post radar reactions and changes on individual tissues and organs, possibilities of their influence 31. Clinical dosimetry utilization - methods, meaning, design, phantom, personal protection 32. Radiotherapy planning - medical documentation, radiation protocol, planning work, simulator, drawing of irradiation fields and tattoos, photographic and X-ray documentation, fixation devices and their fabrication. Scheduling in 2D and 3D, image fusion, isodosis plans using radiation beam modification - wedges, individual blocking blocks and their fabrication. Irradiation techniques, fractionation modes. Calculations of simpler irradiation by hand and use of computer technology 33. X-ray irradiators - devices and their operation, safety of work. Current status and possibilities of X-ray and surface radiation, indications, apparatus construction, tubes, radiation reproduction and patient settings. Keeping documentation, instructions for patients, treatment of acute and chronic changes after irradiation 34. Megavolt irradiators - radioisotope (cesium, cobalt) and accelerators. Construction and operation of individual devices safety regulations and statutory provisions. Patient settings including fixation aids, reproduction of irradiation aids, reproduction of irradiation conditions, management of patients' cooperation, communication with patients including instructions for dealing with acute and chronic post radiative changes 35. Brachyterapie - Planning, utilization, ways of introducing radiators, documentation, X-ray imaging. Afterloading techniques, preparation before application. The most common BRT indications. Safety Regulations, Emergency Plan, and Operating Regulations 36. Radiation verification - in vivo dosimetric verification, images on the BEV and DRR correlator 37. Clinical dosimetry utilization - methods, meaning, design, phantom, personal protection
Literature
    recommended literature
  • ŠLAMPA, Pavel, J. PETERA and M. VOŠMIK. Principy radiační onkologie (Principles of radiaton oncology). In Klinická a radiačná onkológia. 1. vydání. Martin: Osveta, 2010, p. 351-397. 2. díl. ISBN 978-80-8063-302-8. info
  • HYNKOVÁ, Ludmila and Pavel ŠLAMPA. Radiační onkologie - učební texty. 1. vyd. Brno: Masarykův onkologický ústav, 2009, 242 s. ISBN 9788086793139. info
Teaching methods
Lecture
Assessment methods
Exam
Language of instruction
Czech
Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
Study Materials
The course is taught annually.
Information on the extent and intensity of the course: 90.
Listed among pre-requisites of other courses
The course is also listed under the following terms Autumn 2010, Autumn 2011, Autumn 2012, Autumn 2013, Autumn 2014, Autumn 2015, Autumn 2016, Autumn 2017, autumn 2018, autumn 2019, autumn 2021, autumn 2022, autumn 2023, autumn 2024.
  • Enrolment Statistics (autumn 2020, recent)
  • Permalink: https://is.muni.cz/course/med/autumn2020/BRRO0521p