LF:VLBC0321p Biochemistry I -lect. - Course Information

VLBC0321p Biochemistry I - lecture

Extent and Intensity

3/0/0. 0 credit(s). Type of Completion: z (credit).

Teacher(s)

doc. RNDr. Jiří Dostál, CSc. (lecturer)
RNDr. Hana Paulová, CSc. (lecturer)
Mgr. Jiří Slanina, Ph.D. (lecturer)
prof. RNDr. Eva Táborská, CSc. (lecturer)
doc. RNDr. Josef Tomandl, Ph.D. (lecturer)
MUDr. Michaela Králíková, Ph.D. (assistant)
Mgr. Marie Tomandlová, Ph.D. (assistant)

Guaranteed by

prof. RNDr. Eva Táborská, CSc.
Department of Biochemistry – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
Contact Person: Monika Šudáková
Supplier department: Department of Biochemistry – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine

Timetable

Tue 13. 10. to Tue 24. 11. Tue 8:00–9:50 B22/116 aula, Tue 8. 12. to Tue 19. 1. Tue 8:00–9:50 B22/116 aula, Thu 8:00–8:50 B22/116 aula; and Tue 6. 10. 8:00–9:50 B11/114, Tue 1. 12. 8:00–9:50 B11/114

Prerequisites (in Czech)

VLBI0222c Medical Biology II-pract. && VLBF011c Biophysics - pract.

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is only offered to the students of the study fields the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

• General Medicine (programme LF, M-VL) (4)

Course objectives

The aim of the course is to obtain knowledge on essential metabolic processes on the cell level. Understanding of these proceses is a base for comprihension of metabolism on the tissue and organ level. In the introductory lessons are summarized basic terms from chemistry needed for understanding of body structure a physico-chemical processes occuring in it ((chemical composition of the body, survay of biologically important elements,water, elektrolytes, non-elektrolytes, osmotic pressure, acid-base, redox and precipitation reactions), the following lectures are focused on biochemical pathways in cells.

Learning outcomes

In the end of the course will students understand the meaning of basic chemical terms (pH, osmolality, electrolyte, buffer, etc.) and apply this knowledge when describing the properties of body fluids.
Describe the role of macro- and microbiogenic elements in the organism
Discusse the properties and function of enzymes
Describes basic catabolic and anabolic pathways of carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism, and their relationships.
Understand the principles of energy production, utilization and deposition at the cellular level.
Explain the function of cell membranes and the principle of compartmentalization at the cellular level and the transport processes on the membrane.
Describe protein synthesis, starting with the replication and transcription, translation and post-translational modifications. Understand the relationship between protein structure and function.
Explain the function of hemoglobin in oxygen transport and maintaining acid-base balance.
Discusses the principles of some diseases at the molecular level.

Syllabus

• Chemical composition of human body, biogenic elements. Water (properties, distribution), electrolytes, non-electrolytes, osmolality.
• Acid-base reactions, pH, buffers, Henderson-Hasselbalch equation.
• Bioenergetics (Gibbs energy, high-energy compounds, chemical equilibrium). Introduction to metabolism.
• Redox reactions (redox potential, Nernst-Peters equation, biological redox systems).
• Enzymes (classes, nomenclature). Characteristic features, enzyme kinetics, inhibition.
• Cofactors (overview, functions, relation to vitamins).
• Three phases of catabolism, citrate cycle, respiratory chain, oxidative phosphorylation.
• Saccharides (structures), saccharides in nutrition, digestion.
• Metabolism of glucose, transport of glucose into cells, glycolysis (aerobic, anaerobic). Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. Gluconeogenesis.
• Glycogen (synthesis, catabolism).
• Metabolism of fructose, galactose, lactose. Pentose phosphate pathway. Glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans.
• Lipids and fatty acids (classification, structure). Lipids in nutrition. Lipophilic vitamins.
• Digestion of lipids, surfactants. Fatty acids (structure, synthesis, catabolism).
• Triacylglycerols (synthesis and degradation). Ketone bodies (synthesis, catabolism), phospholipids (structural types, synthesis, catabolism).
• Lipid peroxidation (reactions, products, antioxidants).Eicosanoids (main features of synthesis). Cholesterol (structure, synthesis, regulation, conversions).
• Bile acids (structure, synthesis, conversions). Calciols (structure, synthesis, conversions).
• Amino acids (structure, properties). Peptides. Proteins (structure, folding, properties, structure of myosin, collagen, immunoglobulins).
• Hemoglobin, myoglobin (structure, functions, Bohr effect), hemoglobinopathies.
• Digestion of proteins, intracellular degradation of proteins. General features in metabolism of amino acids. Ammonia – sources, transport forms, detoxication.
• Catabolism of individual amino acids.
• Synthesis of non-essential amino acids. Congenital disorders of amino acids metabolism. Conversions of amino acids to specialized products I (synthesis of biogenic amines, creatine, melanine, iodo-thyronines).
• Conversions of amino acids to specialized products II (synthesis of heme, porfyrias).
• Structure of nucleosides and nucleotides, uric acid. Synthesis and catabolism of purine and pyrimidine bases, synthesis of nucleotides.
• Structure of DNA, replication, repairs.
• Structure of RNA, transcription and its regulation, processing.
• Synthesis of proteins, folding.
• Transport and sorting of proteins, post-translational modifications.
• Biosynthesis of collagen, elastin, proteoglycans.

Literature

required literature
• KOOLMAN, Jan and Klaus-Heinrich RÖHM. Barevný atlas biochemie. 1st ed. Praha: Grada, 2012, 498 pp. ISBN 978-80-247-2977-0. info
• MURRAY, Robert K., David A. BENDER, Kathleen M. BOTHAM, Peter J. KENNELLY, Victor W. RODWELL and P. Anthony WEIL. Harperova ilustrovaná biochemie. Translated by Bohuslav Matouš. Páté české vydání, prv. Praha: Galén, 2012, xii, 730. ISBN 9788072629077. info

recommended literature
• VASUDEVAN, D. M., S. SREEKUMARI and Kannan VAIDYANATHAN. Úvod do všeobecnej a klinicky aplikovanej biochémie. Edited by Jozef Čársky. Prvé slovenské vydanie. Bratislava: Balneotherma s.r.o., 2015, 669 stran. ISBN 9788097015688. info
• RONNER, Peter. Netter's Essential Biochemistry. Philadelphia: Elsevier, 2018, 482 pp. ISBN 978-1-929007-63-9. info
• LIEBERMAN, Michael, Allan D. MARKS and Alisa PEET. Marks' basic medical biochemistry : a clinical approach. Illustrated by Matthew Chansky. 4th ed. Baltimore: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, 2013, ix, 1014. ISBN 9781451100037. info

Teaching methods

Teaching form are lectures. Supplementary subjects are seminars VLBC0321s a VLBC0321c

Assessment methods

Subject is a first part of two-semestral subject Biochemistry a is not terminated by exam nor course unit credit.

Language of instruction

Czech

Further comments (probably available only in Czech)

The course is taught annually.
Information on the extent and intensity of the course: 45.

• Enrolment Statistics (autumn 2020, recent)
  
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