BVPF0321p Pathophysiology I - lecture

Faculty of Medicine
autumn 2024
Extent and Intensity
2/0/0. 2 credit(s). Type of Completion: z (credit).
In-person direct teaching
Teacher(s)
prof. MUDr. Kateřina Kaňková, Ph.D. (lecturer)
prof. RNDr. Monika Pávková Goldbergová, Ph.D. (lecturer)
MUDr. Michal Jurajda, Ph.D. (lecturer)
Mgr. Lukáš Pácal, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
Bc. Lenka Hladíková (assistant)
RNDr. Jan Balvan, Ph.D. (lecturer)
MUDr. Kamil Ďuriš, Ph.D. (lecturer)
Mgr. David Galuška (lecturer)
Ing. Hana Holcová Polanská, Ph.D. (lecturer)
Mgr. Katarína Chalásová, Ph.D. (lecturer)
MUDr. Jan Máchal, Ph.D. (lecturer)
Ing. Polina Navrátilová (lecturer)
Guaranteed by
prof. MUDr. Kateřina Kaňková, Ph.D.
Department of Pathophysiology – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
Contact Person: Bc. Lenka Hladíková
Supplier department: Department of Pathophysiology – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
Timetable
Thu 13:00–14:40 A18/124
Prerequisites
BKFY0222p Physiology II - lecture && BVBC0221p Biochemistry - lect.
Physiology, biochemistry
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is only offered to the students of the study fields the course is directly associated with.
fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
Course objectives
Main objectives are to provide student with basic understanding of following topics: Definition of pathophysiology as a discipline - concept of health & disease - ethiology & pathogenesis - disease causes
Cell x tissue x organ - regulation of cell proliferation, diferentiation and cell death - tissue injury - regeneration - reparation - wound healing - cell cycle control - malignant transformation of the cell - metastases
Inflammation, fever, pain - innate and specific immune response - immunopathology (imunodeficiency, hyperreactivity, autoimunity)
Hypoxia - oxygen tramsport – reactive oxygen species - oxidative stress – antioxidative defence
Principles of genetics – monogennic vs. complex diseases
Homeostasis – regulation and disorders of physiologic regulations – chronobiology
Pathophysiology of endocrine system
Disorders of volume, osmotic and acid-base balance
Intermediary metabolism – metabolic regulations – energy – disorders of carbohydrate metabolism
Learning outcomes
Student will be able, after completing the course (with account of the width of the subject):
- to characterize the state of health and illness in terms of different concepts
- to distinguish the genetic determinants of disease, the influence of external factors on the occurrence of diseases, the difference between monogenic and multigenic/complex disease
- to orientate in terms: cell, cell cycle
- to characterize the term homeostasis
- to discuss external and internal factors of the disease
- to characterize basic concepts of tissue involvement and wound healing
- to explain the difference between local and systemic inflammation
- to explain the chronobiology function in medicine
- to discuss the etiopathogenesis of the most important disorders of ion equilibrium and regulation of volume and tonicity
- to define basic concepts of acid-base balance
- to evaluate the importance of abnormalities of the most important micronutrients, disorders in vitamin levels and trace elements
- to define the disorders in metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and amino acids
- to characterize energy balance disorders
Syllabus
  • 1: Definition of the field of pathological physiology - health and disease - general causes of diseases - etiology and pathogenesis. External factors of disease - physical, chemical and biological pathogenic factors
  • 2: Cell - tissue - organ - regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation and death. Cell cycle control - tumor cell transformation - tumor-organism interactions - metastasis
  • 3: Tissue damage - regeneration - repair - wound healing
  • 4: General manifestations of diseases (inflammation, fever, pain) - specific immune response - disorders of the immune system (immunodeficiency, hypersensitivity, autoimmunity)
  • 5: Pathophysiology of endocrine secretion - adrenal glands, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, endocrine pancreas
  • 6: Energy balance disorders - summary of metabolism - general principles and regulation of intermediate metabolism. Metabolic disorders - carbohydrates - diabetes mellitus
  • 7: Metabolic disorders - diabetic angiopathy and other complications - other carbohydrates
  • 8: Pathophysiology of internal secretion II - hypothalamus, pituitary gland, stress reaction. Neuroendocrine regulation - imbalance of homeostasis - chronobiology - summary
  • 9: Metabolic disorders - lipids - dyslipidemia
  • 10: Metabolic disorders - proteins and amino acids
  • 11: Metabolic disorders - purines, pyrimidines, porphyrins and heme
  • 12: Metabolic disorders - micronutrients, trace elements, vitamins
  • 13: Basics of genetics - monogenic vs. complex (civilization) diseases
  • 14: Volume imbalance, osmolarity, tonicity
Literature
    recommended literature
  • KAŇKOVÁ, Kateřina, Dobroslav HÁJEK, Marcel HORKÝ, Lydie IZAKOVIČOVÁ HOLLÁ, Michal JURAJDA, Vladimír KOTALA, Jiří VÁCHA, Anna VAŠKŮ and Vladimír ZNOJIL. Patologická fyziologie pro bakalářské studijní programy (Pathophysiology for paramedical study programms). 1st ed. Brno: Masarykova univerzita v Brně, 2003, 161 pp. 1. vydání. ISBN 80-210-3112-3. info
  • KAŇKOVÁ, Kateřina. Vybrané kapitoly z patologické fyziologie: Poruchy metabolizmu a výživy. 1. vydání. Brno: Masarykova univerzita v Brně, 2005, 59 pp. ISBN 80-210-3670-2. info
Teaching methods
lecture
Assessment methods
Examination in the second semester of study. The credits for the first semester are awarded for collecting 10 points per semester, while attending one lecture = 1 point. If 10 points are not met per semester, the student takes a written test consisting of  20 questions from the issues discussed in the lectures. To successfully pass the test, 60% of correct answers is necessary to achieve.
Language of instruction
Czech
Follow-Up Courses
Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
Study Materials
The course is taught annually.
General note: Studenti opakující 2. ročník nemusejí znovu absolvovat praktika, budou jim uznány zápočty, ke zkoušce mohou přijít v nejbližším zkouškovém období.
Information on the extent and intensity of the course: 30.
Listed among pre-requisites of other courses
The course is also listed under the following terms Autumn 2002, Autumn 2003, Autumn 2004, Autumn 2005, Autumn 2006, Autumn 2007, Autumn 2008, Autumn 2009, Autumn 2010, Autumn 2011, Autumn 2012, Autumn 2013, Autumn 2014, Autumn 2015, Autumn 2016, Autumn 2017, autumn 2018, autumn 2019, autumn 2020, autumn 2021, autumn 2022, autumn 2023.
  • Enrolment Statistics (recent)
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