ZLHE0221p Histology and Embryology I - lecture

Faculty of Medicine
Spring 2009
Extent and Intensity
1/0. 0 credit(s). Type of Completion: -.
Teacher(s)
prof. MUDr. RNDr. Svatopluk Čech, DrSc. (lecturer)
Guaranteed by
prof. MUDr. Drahomír Horký, DrSc.
Department of Histology and Embryology – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
Timetable
Fri 7. 3. to Fri 30. 5. Fri 12:40–13:30 N02230
Prerequisites (in Czech)
ZLAN0131s Anatomy I - seminar
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is only offered to the students of the study fields the course is directly associated with.
fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
Course objectives
Main objective of the subject is to combine programmed teaching of two biomedical branches that occupy a key position among subjects of the theoretical study on medical faculties. The teaching lasts one year (2 semesters) and involves lectures and practices. Medical histology deals with microscopic structure and functional features of cells, tissues and organs under normal conditions. The aim of histological lectures is to provide dentistry students with the essential knowledge of structure and function of cells, tissues and all important organ systems of the human body. At the end of lectures, students with knowledge acquired should be able to understand good most of functional relationships and regulatory mechanisms at all structural levels and to continue in effective study of further related medical branches as are pathologic anatomy and physiology. Main objectives of embryology and embryologic lectures addressed to students of dentistry can be summarized as follows: to give an appropriate sum of facts about course, staging and crucial principles of the human prenatal ontogeny; to learn the latest findings of development of individual organs or organ systems of the human, including developmental chronology and molecular embryology; to describe and analyze causes and mechanisms of the origin of birth defects with higher incidence. Microscopic structure of organs of the orofacial system combined with their development is studied separately within the special subject Oral histology and embryology that follows after completion of histology and embryology.
Syllabus
  • 1. Introduction. Histology - definition, classification and significance inclusive of a short history of the branch. Brno histological and embryological school.
  • 2. Cytology: The cell - definition and general characteristics. Concept of the unit membrane. Overview of main cell components. Plasma membrane, cell surfaces and intercellular junctions. Cell cycle, cell division, and cell differentiation.
  • 3. Body fluids. Blood cell morphology: erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes. Differential white cell count. Prenatal and postnatal hematopoiesis. Short outline of erythropoiesis and granulopoiesis. Origin of platelets.
  • 4. General histology. Tissues - definition, their origin and classification. Epithelial tissue - definition and classification. Overview of covering and glandular epithelia. Characteristics of glandular cells. Absorptive, respiratory, and sensory epithelia.
  • 5. Connective and supporting tissues - their general characteristics and components: cells, fibres and ground substance. The connective tissue proper and special connective tissue - types, chief distribution, and function. Supporting tissues: cartilage and bone - types, chief distribution, and function. Development of the bone tissue (ossification).
  • 6. General characteristics of muscle tissue and its classification. Smooth muscle tissue, skeletal muscle tissue, and cardiac muscle tissue. Ultrastructure of myofibrils and mechanism of the muscle contraction.
  • 7. Overview of components of the nerve tissue. Neuron and its processes, classification of neurons. Synapse. Neuroglial cells and sheathes of nerve fibres. Propagation of nerve impulses.
  • 8. Microscopic anatomy and embryology. Outline of microscopic structure of the heart and blood vessels and lymphatic organs. Mononuclear phagocyte system.
  • 9. Embryology - definition, classification and importance. Overview of the early human development: The phases of the human ontogeny. Human gametes - their structure, physiology and origin. Meiosis and main differences between spermatogenesis and oogenesis. Transport of gametes. Sperm capacitation and acrosome reaction. Fertilization and cleavage, morula and blastocyst.
  • 10. Outline of the implantation. Abnormal sites of implantation (extrauterine pregnancies). Outline of differentiation of the trophopblast and embryoblast during implantation. Outline of the development of fetal membranes: amniotic sac, chorion, and placenta. Function of the placenta. The umbilical cord. Anomalies of the placenta and umbilical cord.
  • 11. Development of the germ disc: origin of the intraembryonic mesoderm and notogenesis (development of the chorda dorsalis). Development of somites and nephrotomes. Derivatives of the germ layers - an overview. Summary of the first three weeks of the human development.
Literature
  • JUNQUEIRA, Luiz Carlos Uchôa, José CARNEIRO and Robert O. KELLEY. Základy histologie. 1. vyd. v ČR. Jinočany: H & H, 1997, vi, 502 s. ISBN 80-85787-37-7. info
  • HORKÝ, Drahomír, Svatopluk ČECH and Pavel TRÁVNÍK. Obecná histologie (General histology). 2.nezměněné vydání. Brno: Vydavatelství MU, Brno - Kraví Hora, 2002, 147 pp. ISBN 80-210-3026-7. info
  • HORKÝ, Drahomír and Svatopluk ČECH. Mikroskopická anatomie (Microscopical anatomy). 1.dotisk 1. vydání. Brno: Vydavatelství MU, 2003, 353 pp. ISBN 80-210-2208-6. info
  • ČECH, Svatopluk, Drahomír HORKÝ, Irena LAUSCHOVÁ, Miroslava SEDLÁČKOVÁ and Jitka ŠŤASTNÁ. Histologická praktika a metody vyšetřování tkání a orgánů (Histological practicals and methods of investigation of tissues and organs). 1.dotisk 1. vydání. Brno: Vydavatelství MU Brno-Kraví hora, 2002, 162 pp. ISBN 80-210-1774-0. info
  • Embryologie pro pediatry :učebnice pro lékařské fakulty. Edited by Zdeněk Vacek. 2. dopl. vyd. Praha: Univerzita Karlova, 1992, 313 s., ba. ISBN 80-7066-562-9. info
  • ČECH, Svatopluk and Pavel TRÁVNÍK. Základy embryologie člověka (Basic Human Embryology). První-dotisk. Brno: Masarykova univerzita, 1997, 114 pp. ISBN 80-210-0562-9. info
  • KAPELLER, Karol and Viera POSPÍŠILOVÁ. Embryológia človeka: učebnica pre lekárske fakulty. Martin: Osveta, 2001, 370 pp. ISBN 80-8063-072-0. info
  • ČECH, Svatopluk and Drahomír HORKÝ. Histologie a mikroskopická anatomie pro bakaláře (Histology and microscopical anatomy for bachelors). První. Brno: Vydavatelství MU, 2004, 137 pp. ISBN 80-210-2513-7. info
Assessment methods
Students will pass examination after completing Histology and embryology II - lecture.
Language of instruction
Czech
Further Comments
The course is taught annually.
Teacher's information
http://www.med.muni.cz/histol/vyukac.htm
The course is also listed under the following terms Spring 2005, Spring 2006, Spring 2007, Spring 2008, Spring 2010, Spring 2011, Spring 2012, Spring 2013, Spring 2014, Spring 2015, Spring 2016, Spring 2017, Spring 2018, spring 2019, spring 2020, spring 2021, spring 2022, spring 2023, spring 2024, spring 2025.
  • Enrolment Statistics (Spring 2009, recent)
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