VSHE0221p Histology and Embryology I - lecture

Faculty of Medicine
Spring 2010
Extent and Intensity
2/0/0. 0 credit(s). Type of Completion: -.
Teacher(s)
prof. MUDr. RNDr. Svatopluk Čech, DrSc. (lecturer)
prof. MUDr. Drahomír Horký, DrSc. (lecturer)
doc. MUDr. Miroslava Sedláčková, CSc. (lecturer)
doc. MUDr. Jitka Šťastná, CSc. (lecturer)
Guaranteed by
prof. MUDr. Drahomír Horký, DrSc.
Department of Histology and Embryology – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
Contact Person: doc. MUDr. Miroslava Sedláčková, CSc.
Timetable of Seminar Groups
VSHE0221p/01: Mon 13:30–15:30 Kinosál N02901
VSHE0221p/02: Wed 9:30–11:20 P31 Posluchárna A. I. Bláhy
VSHE0221p/03: Mon 9:30–11:20 KOM 200
Prerequisites (in Czech)
VSAN0131s Anatomy I s && ZC011 Handling chemical substances
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is only offered to the students of the study fields the course is directly associated with.
fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
Course objectives
Course objectives
At the end of the course students should be able to:
1. Understand and explain the structure of a cell, basic structural principles and function of connective tissues, features of epithelial tissue, structure of different types of muscle tissue, structure and function of nervous tissue.
2. Identify tissue types in histologic slides.
3. Characterize microscopic structure of individual organs of human body and explain correlations of tissues within organs.
4. Describe gamete development, explain principle of meiosis and regulation of gametogenesis.
5. Define the early embryonic development as well as development of fetal membranes, placenta and umbilical cord.
6. Characterize stages of embryonic development, describe the development of individual organ systems of human body.
7. Explain the mechanism of the origin of some developmental anomalies.
Syllabus
  • Introduction. The object and the significance of histology. Short history of the line. Brno histological and embryological school. Methods used to study of cells and tissues. Cytology: The cell - definition and general characteristics. Cell membrane, cell surfaces and intercellular junctions. Cell nucleus - its structure and function. Chromosomes.
  • Cell organelles - their basic structural characteristics and function. Cell inclusions and pigments. Cytoskeleton: microfilaments, intermediate filaments and microtubules. Cell cycle, and cell differentiation.
  • Embryology. Definition. The object and the significance of the embryology. Overview of the early human development. The phases of the human ontogeny. Human gametes - their structure, physiology and orogin (gametogenesis). Differences between spermatogenesis and oogenesis. Transport of gametes. Sperm capacitation. Fertilization and cleavage, morula and blastocyst.
  • Outline of the implantation. Abnormal sites of implantation (extrauterine pregnancies). The development of the germ disc: origin of the intraembryonic mesoderm and notogenesis (development of the chorda dorsalis). Somites and their derivatives. Outline of the development of fetal membranes: amniotic sac, chorion, and placenta. Function of the placenta. The umbilical cord. Anomalies of the placenta and umbilical cord.
  • Development of external form of the embryo and fetus. The rule of Hasse. Uterine growth during pregnancy. Parturition. Marks of the mature and full-term fetus. Position, posture and presentation of the fetus. Multiple pregnancy: mono- and dizygotic twins, arrangement of fetal membranes in twins.
  • General histology. Tissues - definition, their origin and classification. Connective and supporting tissue - general characteristics, components and classification of them. The connective tissue proper - types, chief distribution, and function. Supporting tissues: cartilage and bone - types, chief distribution, and function. Histogenesis of bone tissue (ossification).
  • Epithelial tissue - definition, classification and its histogenesis. Epithelial membranes and glandular epithelium - an overview. Characteristics of glandular cells. Absorptive, respiratory and sensory epithelia.
  • General characteristics of muscle tissue and its classification. Smooth muscle tissue. Skeletal muscle tissue. Ultrastructure of the myofibrils. Mechanism of the muscle contraction. Cardiac muscle tissue. Outline of muscle tissue histogenesis.
  • Nerve tissue - structure, classification and function of neurons. Synapse. Neuroglial cells - types and function. Sheathes of nerve fibers. Conduction of nerve impulses. Outline of histogenesis of the nerve tissue.
  • Microscopic anatomy and embryology. Microscopic structure of the heart, excitomotoric system - its structural peculiarities. Blood vessels - arteries and veins - structural differences. Capillary bed. Lymph vessels and capillaries.
  • Blood islets and constitution of the primitive blood circulation in the embryo. Development of the heart and large arteries, especially aortic arches. Fetal blood circulation.
  • Introduction into teratology: Congenital malformations of the heart and major blood vessels. Lymphoid organs - microscopic structure and function of the thymus, lymph nodes and the spleen. Tonsils. Classification and distribution of B- and T-lymphocytes in the human body. Mononuclear phagocyte system. Composition of the lymph.
  • Microscopic structure of the respiratory system: nasal cavity, larynx and trachea. Histology of the lung and blood-air barrier. Outline of development of respiratory passages and the lung.
  • General structure of the alimentary canal. Microscopic structure of the oral cavity: lip and cheek, tongue, palate, tooth and salivary glands.
  • Consultations.
Literature
  • HORKÝ, Drahomír, Svatopluk ČECH and Pavel TRÁVNÍK. Obecná histologie (General histology). První. Brno: Vydavatelství MU Brno-Kraví hora, 1995, 147 pp. ISBN 80-210-1254-4. info
  • HORKÝ, Drahomír and Svatopluk ČECH. Mikroskopická anatomie (Microscopical anatomy). První. Brno: Vydavatelství MU, 1999, 353 pp. ISBN 80-210-2208-6. info
  • JUNQUEIRA, Luiz Carlos Uchôa, José CARNEIRO and Robert O. KELLEY. Základy histologie. 1. vyd. v ČR. Jinočany: H & H, 1997, vi, 502 s. ISBN 80-85787-37-7. info
  • ČECH, Svatopluk and Pavel TRÁVNÍK. Základy embryologie člověka (Basic Human Embryology). První-dotisk. Brno: Masarykova univerzita, 1997, 114 pp. ISBN 80-210-0562-9. info
  • Embryologie pro pediatry :učebnice pro lékařské fakulty. Edited by Zdeněk Vacek. 2. dopl. vyd. Praha: Univerzita Karlova, 1992, 313 s., ba. ISBN 80-7066-562-9. info
  • KAPELLER, Karol and Viera POSPÍŠILOVÁ. Embryológia človeka: učebnica pre lekárske fakulty. Martin: Osveta, 2001, 370 pp. ISBN 80-8063-072-0. info
  • JUNQUEIRA, Luiz Carlos Uchoa and José CARNEIRO. Basic histology : text & atlas. 11th ed. New York, N.Y.: McGraw-Hill, 2005, viii, 502. ISBN 0071441174. info
  • MOORE, Keith L. and T. V. N. PERSAUD. Developing human : clinically oriented embryology. 7th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders, 2003, xv, 560. ISBN 0721694128. info
Teaching methods
lecture
Assessment methods
Students will pass examination after finishing Histology and embryology II - lecture.
Language of instruction
Czech
Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
The course is taught annually.
Information on course enrolment limitations: Mimo studenty LF jen se souhlasem garanta oboru.
The course is also listed under the following terms Spring 2000, Spring 2001, Spring 2002, Spring 2003, Spring 2004, Spring 2005, Spring 2006, Spring 2007, Spring 2008, Spring 2009, Spring 2011, Spring 2012, Spring 2013, Spring 2014, Spring 2015, Spring 2016, Spring 2017.
  • Enrolment Statistics (Spring 2010, recent)
  • Permalink: https://is.muni.cz/course/med/spring2010/VSHE0221p