aZLHE0221p Histology and Embryology I - lecture

Faculty of Medicine
Spring 2016
Extent and Intensity
1/0. 0 credit(s). Type of Completion: z (credit).
Teacher(s)
prof. MUDr. RNDr. Svatopluk Čech, DrSc. (lecturer)
doc. MVDr. Aleš Hampl, CSc. (lecturer)
doc. MUDr. Miroslava Sedláčková, CSc. (lecturer)
MUDr. Irena Lauschová, Ph.D. (lecturer)
doc. RNDr. Petr Vaňhara, Ph.D. (lecturer)
MUDr. Ivana Baltasová (assistant)
MUDr. Jana Dumková, Ph.D. (assistant)
Mgr. Hana Kotasová, Ph.D. (assistant)
MUDr. Eva Mecová (assistant)
Guaranteed by
prof. MUDr. Drahomír Horký, DrSc.
Department of Histology and Embryology – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
Supplier department: Department of Histology and Embryology – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
Prerequisites (in Czech)
( aZLAN0131s Anatomy I - seminar || ZLAN0131s Anatomy I - seminar ) && ( aZC011 Handling chemical substances || ZC011 Handling chemical substances )
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is only offered to the students of the study fields the course is directly associated with.
fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
Course objectives
Main objective of the subject is to combine programmed teaching of histology ana embryology that occupy a key position among subjects of the theoretical study on medical faculties. At the end of the course students should be able to: - in histology a) define basic terms and categories of the subject and apply used classification system in the praxis; b) describe and explain structure and function of animal cells on submicroscopic and molecular levels; c) describe and explain structural characteristics of epithels, connective and supporting tissues (incl. their function), muscle tissue including mechanism of muscle contraction and nerve tissue; d) identify basic tissues and main organs of the human body in histological slides; e) analyze the microscopic structure of organs under normal conditions and compare it with changes evoked with pathological changes or alterations; f) understand existing close interrelations between structure and function of individual tissues and organs of the human body; - in embryology: 1) explain the development of gametes, meiosis principle and regulation processes during gametogenesis; 2) discuss main developmental processes and genetic controle of development; 3) describe early development of the human embryo incl. development of extraembryonic structures; 4) categorize phases of prenatal development and characterize key developmental stages of individual organ systems.
Syllabus
  • 1. Introduction. Histology - definition, classification and significance inclusive of a short history of the branch. Brno histological and embryological school.
  • 2. Cytology: The cell - definition and general characteristics. Concept of the unit membrane. Overview of main cell components. Plasma membrane, cell surfaces and intercellular junctions. Cell cycle, cell division, and cell differentiation.
  • 3. Body fluids. Blood cell morphology: erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes. Differential white cell count. Prenatal and postnatal hematopoiesis. Short outline of erythropoiesis and granulopoiesis. Origin of platelets.
  • 4. General histology. Tissues - definition, their origin and classification. Epithelial tissue - definition and classification. Overview of covering and glandular epithelia. Characteristics of glandular cells. Absorptive, respiratory, and sensory epithelia.
  • 5. Connective and supporting tissues - their general characteristics and components: cells, fibres and ground substance. The connective tissue proper and special connective tissue - types, chief distribution, and function. Supporting tissues: cartilage and bone - types, chief distribution, and function. Development of the bone tissue (ossification).
  • 6. General characteristics of muscle tissue and its classification. Smooth muscle tissue, skeletal muscle tissue, and cardiac muscle tissue. Ultrastructure of myofibrils and mechanism of the muscle contraction.
  • 7. Overview of components of the nerve tissue. Neuron and its processes, classification of neurons. Synapse. Neuroglial cells and sheathes of nerve fibres. Propagation of nerve impulses.
  • 8. Microscopic anatomy and embryology. Outline of microscopic structure of the heart and blood vessels and lymphatic organs. Mononuclear phagocyte system.
  • 9. Embryology - definition, classification and importance. Overview of the early human development: The phases of the human ontogeny. Human gametes - their structure, physiology and origin. Meiosis and main differences between spermatogenesis and oogenesis. Transport of gametes. Sperm capacitation and acrosome reaction. Fertilization and cleavage, morula and blastocyst.
  • 10. Outline of the implantation. Abnormal sites of implantation (extrauterine pregnancies). Outline of differentiation of the trophopblast and embryoblast during implantation. Outline of the development of fetal membranes: amniotic sac, chorion, and placenta. Function of the placenta. The umbilical cord. Anomalies of the placenta and umbilical cord.
  • 11. Development of the germ disc: origin of the intraembryonic mesoderm and notogenesis (development of the chorda dorsalis). Development of somites and nephrotomes. Derivatives of the germ layers - an overview. Summary of the first three weeks of the human development.
Literature
    recommended literature
  • MESCHER, Anthony L. Junqueira's basic histology : text and atlas. 13th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Medical, 2013, xi, 544. ISBN 9781259072321. info
  • MOORE, Keith L., T. V. N. PERSAUD and Mark G. TORCHIA. Before we are born : essentials of embryology and birth defects. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders, 2013, xviii, 348. ISBN 9781437720013. info
    not specified
  • LOWE, James S. and Peter G. ANDERSON. Stevens and Lowe´s Human Histology. 4th. Elsevier, 2015. ISBN 978-0-7234-3502-0. info
  • OVALLE, William K., Patrick C. NAHIRNEY and Frank H. NETTER. Netter's essential histology. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier/Saunders, 2013, xv, 517. ISBN 9781455706310. info
  • MOORE, Keith L., T. V. N. PERSAUD and Mark G. TORCHIA. The developing human : clinically oriented embryology. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders/Elsevier, 2013, xix, 540. ISBN 9781437720020. info
  • SADLER, T. W. Langman's medical embryology. 12th ed. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2012, xiii, 384. ISBN 9781451144611. info
Teaching methods
lectures
Assessment methods
Students will pass examination after completing Histology and embryology II - lecture. All informations about required knowledge and the course of examination are on web site: http://www.med.muni.cz/histology/education
Language of instruction
English
Further Comments
Study Materials
The course is taught annually.
The course is taught: every week.
Teacher's information
http://www.med.muni.cz/histology/education
The course is also listed under the following terms Spring 2017, Spring 2018, spring 2019, spring 2020, spring 2021, spring 2022, spring 2023, spring 2024, spring 2025.
  • Enrolment Statistics (Spring 2016, recent)
  • Permalink: https://is.muni.cz/course/med/spring2016/aZLHE0221p