BRRF0222p Radiological Physics and Radiobiology-lecture

Faculty of Medicine
spring 2020
Extent and Intensity
3/0/0. 2 credit(s). Type of Completion: zk (examination).
Teacher(s)
doc. Mgr. Vladan Bernard, Ph.D. (lecturer)
Mgr. Ing. Marek Dostál, Ph.D. (lecturer)
prof. RNDr. Vojtěch Mornstein, CSc. (lecturer)
Jitka Halouzková (assistant)
Marta Vágnerová (assistant)
Guaranteed by
prof. RNDr. Vojtěch Mornstein, CSc.
Department of Biophysics – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
Contact Person: Jitka Halouzková
Supplier department: Department of Biophysics – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
Timetable
Fri 10:00–12:30 B11/334, except Fri 24. 4., except Fri 15. 5.
Prerequisites (in Czech)
BRRF0121c Rad. phys. and radiobiol. pe
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is only offered to the students of the study fields the course is directly associated with.
fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
Course objectives
At the end of this course which is a continuation of a first-semester course with the same name, the student should be able to: explain the principles of selected imaging and other physical mwethods in medicine; understand the action of ionising radiation on both normal and tumour tissues; recognise the risks connected with the use of ionizing radiation in medicine - both for patients and the healthcare professionals; understand the physical principles of dosimetry and the dosimetric quantities.
Learning outcomes
After finishing this course which is a continuation of a first-semester course with the same name, the student will:
explain the principles of selected imaging and other physical methods in medicine;
understand the action of ionising radiation on both normal and tumour tissues;
recognise the risks connected with the use of ionizing radiation in medicine - both for patients and the healthcare professionals;
understand the physical principles of dosimetry and the dosimetric quantities.
Syllabus
  • 1. Heat energy in diagnostics and therapy: Heat and temperature in thermodynamics heat exchange mechanisms – thermoregulation – thermotherapy/hydrotherapy – delivery of heat by alternating current and electromagnetic fields – thermal effects of ultrasound – body temperature measurement - thermography. 2. Ultrasound: Physical principles of ultrasonography and ultrasound Doppler methods – ultrasound therapy – shock waves in medicine. Ultrasonic cavitation. 3. Tomography: Main tomographic methods used in medicine – CT, SPECT, PET, MRI. 4. Dosimetry: Primary and secondary radiation, linear energy transfer (LET), dosimetric quantitites, dose equivalent, effective dose, dosimetric principles and apparatuses. 5. Radiation chemistry: Radiation chemistry of water, expression of yield, scanvengers, Fricke dosimeter, direct and indirect action, damage and repair of DNA, repair fidelity 6. Theories and models for cell survival: Survival curves, single hit, multi-target, molecular model, linear-qaudratic (LQ) model, dual radiation action theory, repair-misreapir model of cell survival, etc. 7. Radiosensitivity and radioresistance: Modification of the radiation response – temperature, oxygen effect, thiols, aromatic nitrocompounds 8. Radiation biology of normal tissues: Stochastic and deterministic effects, acute and late effects. Cell death, cell population radiation damage, models for cell survival, assay models for normal tissues in vivo, sorting tissues according the types of response (F, H, F-H and tumour). Acute radiation response in mammals. 9. Radiation biology of tumour tissues: tumor population growth theory, models for cell survival. 10. Late effects on normal tissues: Effects on individual organs, effects of fractionation and protraction of the exposure, fractionation in radiotherapy. 11. Radiation carcinogenesis. 12. Patient Safety: Protection of the Patient from Ionizing Radiation, Quality Healthcare: Image Quality and Diagnostic Accuracy in X-Ray Imaging (XRI) 13. Natural and artificial sources of radiation. Occupational Safety When Using Medical Devices.
Literature
    recommended literature
  • PODZIMEK, František. Radiologická fyzika : fyzika ionizujícího záření. 1. vydání. V Praze: České vysoké učení technické, 2013, 334 stran. ISBN 9788001053195. info
  • MORNSTEIN, Vojtěch, Ivo HRAZDIRA and Aleš BOUREK. Lékařská fyzika a informatika : (se zaměřením na zubní lékařství). [1. vydání]. Brno: Neptun, 2007, 352 stran. ISBN 9788086850023. info
    not specified
  • KUDRYASHOV, Yurii Borisovich. Radiation biophysics (ionizing radiations). Edited by Mikhail F. Lomanov. New York: Nova Science Publishers, 2008, xxxv, 327. ISBN 9781600212802. info
Teaching methods
lectures
Assessment methods
Oral final exam. Student choose three questions from the list published at the start of semester.
Language of instruction
Czech
Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
Study Materials
Information on the extent and intensity of the course: 45.
Information on course enrolment limitations: Složení zkoušky je podmíněno složením zkoušky z BRRF0121p
Listed among pre-requisites of other courses

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Teacher's information
http://www.med.muni.cz/biofyz/radiologieBC.htm
The course is also listed under the following terms Spring 2009, Spring 2010, Spring 2011, Spring 2012, Spring 2013, Spring 2014, Spring 2015, Spring 2016, Spring 2017, Spring 2018, spring 2019, spring 2021, spring 2022, spring 2023, spring 2024, spring 2025.
  • Enrolment Statistics (spring 2020, recent)
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