VLIZB021 Ionising radiation in biology and medicine

Faculty of Medicine
spring 2021
Extent and Intensity
2/0/0. 3 credit(s). Type of Completion: z (credit).
Teacher(s)
doc. Mgr. Vladan Bernard, Ph.D. (lecturer)
Mgr. Ing. Marek Dostál, Ph.D. (lecturer)
prof. RNDr. Vojtěch Mornstein, CSc. (lecturer)
Marta Vágnerová (assistant)
Guaranteed by
prof. RNDr. Vojtěch Mornstein, CSc.
Department of Biophysics – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
Contact Person: prof. RNDr. Vojtěch Mornstein, CSc.
Supplier department: Department of Biophysics – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
Prerequisites
Interest in deeper knowledge in the field of radiation biophysics.
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is only offered to the students of the study fields the course is directly associated with.

The capacity limit for the course is 20 student(s).
Current registration and enrolment status: enrolled: 2/20, only registered: 0/20
fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
Course objectives
Students interested in this field will gett deeper knowledge in radioactivity, dosimetry and dosimetric quantities, radiochemistry of water and radiation damage of DNA. Theay also get deeper knowledge on various models od cellular radiation effects, including affection of radiosensitivity and radioresistence (with emphasis on oxygen effect). Detailed information will be given on stochastic and deterministic, acute and late effects on the cellular level, including tumour tissues. In the necessary extent will be given information about radiation cancerogenesis. The students will get acquainted with radionuclide metabolism, natural sources of radiation, and the impact of nuclear energy on the environment.
Learning outcomes
After finishing this course the students will be better prepared for the branches of medicine, in which the ionising radiation is commonly used (radiology, nuclear medicine, radiotherapy). They will have deeper knowledge about radioactivity, dosimetry, radiochemistry of water and radiation damage to DNA. Student will know about various models of radiation effects on cells, how to influence the radiosensitivity and radioresistence (with emphasis on oxygen effect). They will better differentiate the stochastic and deterministic, acute and late efects on the level of tisses, including tumour tissues. They will understand the principle of radiation cancerogenesis. They will be good informed about the metabolism of radionuclides, about the sources of radiation and their impact on environment.
Syllabus
  • 1. Introduction. Standard model as a basic description of the microworld. 2. Radioactivity – types, description of radioactive decay, principles and knowledge important for biomedical sciences 3. Dosimetry: Interaction of radiation with matter, energy of radiation, main dosimetric quantities and methods 4. Chemistry of radiation: water radiolysis – yield of radiochemical reactions – Fricke dosimeter – direct and indirect effects – damage and repair of DNA – repair fidelity 5. Theoris and models of cell survival: Survival curves and their mathematical models - single hit, multi-target – molecular model - linear-quadratic (LQ) model 6. Radiosensitivity and radioresistence: Modification of the response to radiation effects – influence of temperature, oxygen effect, thiols, aromatic nitrocompuonds. Experimental approaches 7. Radiobiology of normal tissues: Stochastic and deterministic effects, acute and late effects. Cellular death, classification of tissues based on the response to irradiation. Experimental approaches. 8. Radiobiology of tumour tissues: theory of tumour population growth. Experimental approach. 9. Late effects on normal tissues: Effects on individual organs, effect of fractionation to protect normal issues and for radiotherapy. 10. Radiation cancerogenesis (biophysical principle) 11. Metabolism of radionuclides, natural sources of radiation (radionuclides and other environmental sources of radiation) 12. What is necessary to know about nuclear energy, neuclear weapons and nuclear disasters?
Literature
    recommended literature
  • PODZIMEK, František. Radiologická fyzika : fyzika ionizujícího záření. 1. vydání. V Praze: České vysoké učení technické, 2013, 334 stran. ISBN 9788001053195. info
  • KUNA, Pavel. Klinická radiobiologie. Edited by Leoš Navrátil. 1. vyd. Praha: Manus, 2005, 222 s. ISBN 8086571092. info
Teaching methods
lecture with discussion
Assessment methods
Credits will be given for the activity during lectures and good attendace. In case of need a simple cridit test can be used.
Language of instruction
Czech
Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
Study Materials
The course is taught annually.
The course is taught: every week.
Information on the extent and intensity of the course: 15.
Teacher's information
http://www.med.muni.cz/biofyz/radiologieBC.htm
The course is also listed under the following terms Spring 2016, Spring 2017, Spring 2018, spring 2019, spring 2020, spring 2022, spring 2023, spring 2024, spring 2025.
  • Enrolment Statistics (spring 2021, recent)
  • Permalink: https://is.muni.cz/course/med/spring2021/VLIZB021