FaF:FAOB1_14 Biology - Course Information

FAOB1_14 Biology

Extent and Intensity

2/2/0. 5 credit(s). Type of Completion: zk (examination).

Teacher(s)

MVDr. Jana Hložková, Ph.D. (lecturer)
PharmDr. Mgr. Alžběta Kružicová, Ph.D. (lecturer)
MVDr. Jana Hložková, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
PharmDr. Mgr. Alžběta Kružicová, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
PharmDr. Tomáš Hammer (lecturer)
PharmDr. Lenka Paráková, Ph.D. (lecturer)
Mgr. Josef Skopalík, Ph.D. et Ph.D. (lecturer)
PharmDr. Tomáš Hammer (seminar tutor)
Mgr. Josef Skopalík, Ph.D. et Ph.D. (seminar tutor)

Guaranteed by

PharmDr. Lenka Paráková, Ph.D.
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology – Departments – Faculty of Pharmacy

Timetable

Tue 16:30–18:10 44-144

• Timetable of Seminar Groups:

FAOB1_14/01: each odd Tuesday 8:00–11:20 44-140

Prerequisites

FAKULTA(FaF) || OBOR(MUSFaF)
No prerequisites are required.

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is only offered to the students of the study fields the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

• Multidisciplinary studies at Faculty of Pharmacy (programme CST, KOS)
• Pharmacy (programme FaF, M-FARMA)

Course objectives

The goal of study is to extend the knowledge of biology and genetics obtained at secondary schools so that the students might obtain the necessary fundamentals for both the contents and terminology of these disciplines, on whose basis they could continue the study of applied biological disciplines taught at the Pharmaceutical Faculty. The study is aimed at the general, molecular and cellular aspects of biology, at evolutionary biology and at the fundamentals of genetics.

Learning outcomes

The output of the course is mastering the basic concepts, orientation in the basic topics of biology and mastering the basic techniques in practical exercises

Syllabus

• Biology introduction to the subject, definition of the field, history, fields of biology, taxonomy, cell types Possibilities of imaging and imaging techniques in biology Membranes membrane structure (general features + viruses, prokaryotes, eukaryotes), transport across membranes diffusion, osmosis, transport proteins, ion channels and membrane potential, clinically important membranes Organelles, ER, GA, endosomes, lysosomes, peroxisomes, mechanisms of protein transfer into organelles, clinically important organelopathy General principles of intercellular communication in unicellular and multicellular organisms, signaling molecules, receptors associated with ion channels, G-proteins, enzymes, diseases of intercellular communication disorders Cell division - cell cycle (G1, S, G2, M), mitosis (prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis), meiosis, cell cycle regulation Reproduction of organisms asexual reproduction (binary division, gemiparia, fisiparia, vegetative reproduction), sexual reproduction (spermiogenesis, oogenesis, fertilization), gametopathy Introduction to genetics gene, genome, genotype, phenotype, Mendelian genetics, non-Mendelian genetics, epigenetics, transcription, translation, prokaryotic genome, eukaryotic genome, genetic diagnostic tests in medicine (present history) Biology of the immune system (IS) - phylo and ontogenesis of IS, nonspecific and specific immunity, antigen, antibody, opsonization, MHC system, medically important immune disorders, transplant immunity, Interactions of living systems symbiosis, commensalism, infections (prions, viruses, bacteria, parasites) and the environment (ecotoxicology, environmental stress, GMO) Current topics in biomedical fields Credit procedure Practical excercises I. Microscopic technique 1. Work safety. 2. Organization of teaching, keeping protocols, conditions for granting credits 3. Working with a light microscope 4. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell structure. 5. Plant and animal cell structure. II. Prokaryota and protozoa 1. Prokaryota 2. Bacterial smear, Gram staining 3.Sacharomyces smear, staining. 4. Protozoa hay infusion, native preparation 5. Types of movements ciliary, amoeboid, flagellar 6. Staining and morphology of lactic acid bacteria, fixed preparation III. Mitosis 1. Preparation of mitotic preparation, staining 2. Mitotic index 3. Chromosomes of karyotype assembly IV. Meiosis 1. Spermatogenesis 2.Histology of seed-forming epithelium 3. Sperm morphology species differences 4. Oogenesis 5. Ovarian histology 6. Sex chromosomes 7. Detection of Bar's body, preparation of the specimen, staining V. Body structure of mammals 1. Anatomical body structure of a rodent autopsy, video 2. Histological structure of tissues and organs VI. Credit procedure 1. Substitute exercises. 2. Checking protocols. 3. Granting of credits.Biology introduction to the subject, definition of the field, history, fields of biology, taxonomy, cell types Possibilities of imaging and imaging techniques in biology Membranes membrane structure (general features + viruses, prokaryotes, eukaryotes), transport across membranes diffusion, osmosis, transport proteins, ion channels and membrane potential, clinically important membranes Organelles, ER, GA, endosomes, lysosomes, peroxisomes, mechanisms of protein transfer into organelles, clinically important organelopathy General principles of intercellular communication in unicellular and multicellular organisms, signaling molecules, receptors associated with ion channels, G-proteins, enzymes, diseases of intercellular communication disorders Cell division - cell cycle (G1, S, G2, M), mitosis (prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis), meiosis, cell cycle regulation Reproduction of organisms asexual reproduction (binary division, gemiparia, fisiparia, vegetative reproduction), sexual reproduction (spermiogenesis, oogenesis, fertilization), gametopathy Introduction to genetics gene, genome, genotype, phenotype, Mendelian genetics, non-Mendelian genetics, epigenetics, transcription, translation, prokaryotic genome, eukaryotic genome, genetic diagnostic tests in medicine (present history) Biology of the immune system (IS) - phylo and ontogenesis of IS, nonspecific and specific immunity, antigen, antibody, opsonization, MHC system, medically important immune disorders, transplant immunity, Interactions of living systems symbiosis, commensalism, infections (prions, viruses, bacteria, parasites) and the environment (ecotoxicology, environmental stress, GMO) Current topics in biomedical fields Credit granting Practical excercises I. Microscopic technique 1. Work safety. 2. Organization of teaching, keeping protocols, conditions for granting credits 3. Working with a light microscope 4. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell structure. 5. Plant and animal cell structure. II. Prokaryota and protozoa 1. Prokaryota 2. Bacterial smear, Gram staining 3.Sacharomyces smear, staining. 4. Protozoa hay infusion, native preparation 5. Types of movements ciliary, amoeboid, flagellar 6. Staining and morphology of lactic acid bacteria, fixed preparation III. Mitosis 1. Preparation of mitotic preparation, staining 2. Mitotic index 3. Chromosomes of karyotype assembly IV. Meiosis 1. Spermatogenesis 2.Histology of seed-forming epithelium 3. Sperm morphology species differences 4. Oogenesis 5. Ovarian histology 6. Sex chromosomes 7. Detection of Bar's body, preparation of the specimen, staining V. Body structure of mammals 1. Anatomical body structure of a rodent autopsy, video 2. Histological structure of tissues and organs VI. Credit procedure 1. Substitute exercises. 2. Checking protocols. 3. Granting of credits.

Literature

recommended literature
• Bártová. BIOLOGY AND GENETICS THEORY FOR PRACTICALS. info
• Gartner LP, Hiatt JL. Cell biology and histology 7th. ISBN 978-1-4511-8951-3. info
• Alberts et al. Essential Cell Biology. GS Garland Science, Taylor and Francis Group, Ne. ISBN 0-8153-3481-8. info
• Janisch R. Overview of general biology 3. Brno, 2015. ISBN 978-80-210-7927-4. info

Teaching methods

Lectures, discussion, practical lectures, demonstatration, Protocols

Assessment methods

Full participation in exercises is obligatory. This subject will be terminated by written test. In the case of failure the test students complete the subject by oral examination. Submission of all protocols is required

Language of instruction

English

Further comments (probably available only in Czech)

Study Materials
The course can also be completed outside the examination period.

Teacher's information

Pass compulsory practicals, be successful in writing two tests during semester, to have in good order protocols, to obtain credit and be successful in final exam.

Activity	Difficulty [h]
Domácí příprava na výuku	50
Příprava na zkoušku	50
Summary	100

• Enrolment Statistics (Autumn 2021, recent)
  
• Permalink: https://is.muni.cz/course/pharm/autumn2021/FAOB1_14