Bi9903 Developmental Animal Physiology

Faculty of Science
Autumn 2007 - for the purpose of the accreditation
Extent and Intensity
2/0. 2 credit(s) (fasci plus compl plus > 4). Type of Completion: zk (examination).
Teacher(s)
prof. Mgr. Vítězslav Bryja, Ph.D. (lecturer)
RNDr. Pavel Krejčí, Ph.D. (lecturer)
Guaranteed by
prof. RNDr. Alois Kozubík, CSc.
Department of Experimental Biology – Biology Section – Faculty of Science
Contact Person: prof. RNDr. Alois Kozubík, CSc.
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.
fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
Syllabus
  • 1. Introduction to developmental biology General features of development: Genomic equivalence, cloning, gametogenesis, early development, morphogenesis, growth, aging and death. Developmental genetics: mutants and their screening, gene cloning, transgenesis, gene duplication. 2. Experimental embryology Methods of developmental biology: Microscopy, methods for gene expression studies, reporters, microinjections, lineage tracing, cell sorting. Major model organisms: Advantages, availability and price, micromanipulation, gene and genome maps. Basic characteristics of the 6 main model organisms: Xenopus, zebrafish, chick, mouse, Drosophila melanogaster, Caenorhabdis elegans. 3- 4. Morphogenesis Cell adhesion, blastula, gastrulation, neurulation, cell migration. Cell differentiation: universal and tissue specific regulators, external signals, DNA modifications; molecular mechanisms of cell differentiation (muscle and blood cell, neural crest and its derivatives). 5. Vertebrate organogenesis Tissue organization and stem cells: Tissue types, tissue regeneration, skin, intestine, haematopoietic system. Development of the nervous system: general structure, major cell types, anterio-posterior patterning, neural folds, dorso-ventral patterning of the neural tube, development of neurons and glia, development of neuronal connectivity. 6. Development of mesodermal organs: Development of somite and muscle, development of kidney, germ cells and sexual organs, limb and cardiovascular development Development of endodermal organs: Endoderm determination, pancreas. 7. Growth, regeneration and evolution Growth and aging: Size and body proportions, skeleton, body height; aging; postnatal defects of growth and differentiation. Regeneration of missing body parts: Regeneration of planarians, regeneration of vertebrate limb. Ontogenesis and phylogenesis: Macroevolution, first animal. 8. Key molecular components of development Genes, transcription factors, signaling systems, cytoskeleton, cell adhesion molecules, extracellular matrix. Molecular characterization of main morphogenetic systems: TGF/BMP, FGF, Insulin receptor and other tyrosine kinases, Hedgehog, WNT, Notch. 9. Mechanisms of development I (FGF) Characterization of the FGF morphogenetic system: Major components, molecular mechanisms of signal transduction, molecular, cellular and tissue phenotypes, the most important mutants, FGF interaction with other morphogens in the limb formation. 10. Mechanisms of development II (Wnt) Characterization of the Wnt morphogenetic system; Major components, molecular mechanisms of signal transduction, molecular, cellular and tissue phenotypes, the most important mutants, Wnt interaction with other morphogens in the development of a selected organ. 11. Activation of developmental mechanisms in the adult. Relationship to tumor formation and metastatic process. Molecular mechanisms regulating development and their activation in tumors. Embryonal and cancer stem cell. 12. Frontiers of developmental biology: Dr. Alexandra Schambony, University of Karlsruhe, Developmental biology of Xenopus laevis.
Language of instruction
Czech
Further Comments
The course is taught annually.
The course is taught: every week.
Listed among pre-requisites of other courses
The course is also listed under the following terms Autumn 2010 - only for the accreditation, Autumn 2007, Autumn 2008, Autumn 2009, Autumn 2010, Autumn 2011, Autumn 2011 - acreditation, Autumn 2012, Autumn 2013, Autumn 2014, Autumn 2015, Autumn 2016, autumn 2017, Autumn 2020, autumn 2021, Autumn 2022, Autumn 2023, Autumn 2024.