Bi7070 Physiology of Cell Systems

Faculty of Science
Autumn 2020
Extent and Intensity
2/0/0. 2 credit(s) (plus extra credits for completion). Type of Completion: zk (examination).
Teacher(s)
prof. Mgr. Vítězslav Bryja, Ph.D. (lecturer)
doc. Mgr. Karel Souček, Ph.D. (lecturer)
prof. RNDr. Jan Vondráček, Ph.D. (lecturer)
prof. RNDr. Alois Kozubík, CSc. (lecturer)
Guaranteed by
prof. Mgr. Vítězslav Bryja, Ph.D.
Department of Experimental Biology – Biology Section – Faculty of Science
Contact Person: prof. RNDr. Jan Vondráček, Ph.D.
Supplier department: Department of Experimental Biology – Biology Section – Faculty of Science
Timetable
Mon 14:00–15:50 prace doma
Prerequisites
Basic knowledge of biochemistry, cell and molecular biology are neccessary. Closely follows the course Physiology of animal cell (Bi1110).
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.
fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
there are 11 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display
Course objectives
The aim of this course is to acquaint students with basic principles of animal cell behavior and functions within the context of cell populations of specific tissues and whole organism, introduce the concept of organisms as a dynamic hierarchical system and to explain to students basic principles governing cell behavior both during embryonic development and in adult organism.
Learning outcomes
At the end of the course students should be able to: describe basic principles of embryonic development and main morphogenetic signaling pathways, including description of model examples; describe the role of stem cells in maintenance of homeostasis of adult tissues; describe, using suitable models, main principles of tissue regeneration and cell differentiation (model systems including intestine, the liver, hematopoietic tissues, skin, endocrine-regulated tissues, lungs); describe principles of adaptation of cell metabolism in differentiated tissue, proliferating cells and under pathological conditions; define and apply the terms homeostasis, systemic reaction and feedback reactions in regulation of cell populations, and to apply these terms in description of behavior of cell systems during stress and disease.
Syllabus
  • 1) INTRODUCTION – basic principles of organization and function of animal cells (overview of basic facts for the course); 2) CELLULAR METABOLISM – cellular metabolism adaptations, metabolism of proliferating and tumor cells, signaling pathways controlling cellular metabolism; 3) STEM CELLS AND HIERARCHICAL ORGANIZATION OF TISSUES – stem cell definition, embryonic stem cells – definition, preparation, use; induced pluripotent stem cells, tissue-specific stem cells, stem cell niche, hierarchical organization of tissues – intestinal epithelium as a model example, intestinal crypt homeostasis; slow and fast renewing cell populations, organoids, tissue regeneration; 4) MODEL CELL SYSTEMS I – hematopoiesis, blood cells and hematopoietic organs; principles of cell differentiation; 5) CELL SYSTEMS REGULATIONS I – main signaling pathways in homeostasis and regeneration (Wnt, Hedgehog, Notch, receptor tyrosine kinases, BMP/TGF signaling); model examples of regulated processes; 6) CELL SYSTEMS REGULATIONS I - control of tissue organization by external stimuli – hypoxia, damage, mechanical forces (Hippo signaling); cell polarity and cell migration; 7) MODEL CELL SYSTEMS II – development, architecture and regeneration of the liver; the liver as a model system regenerating from differentiated cells; liver zonation and molecular mechanisms of regulation of basic liver functions (bile production, detoxification and production of important compounds); 8) MODEL CELL SYSTEMS III – skin, its renewal and regeneration; prostate and breast epithelium as examples of endocrine-regulated tissues; 9) MODEL CELL SYSTEMS IV – lungs and respiratory system – principles of development and organization; gas transport through cells and organs; 10) SIGNALING AND FEEDBACK – general principles and their application in physiology; 11) HOMEOSTASIS, HEALTH AND DISEASE – organism as a hierarchical system, combined action of neuronal and endocrine systems – examples of modulations of cell populations, intermediary metabolism and its components – their role in regulation of cell populations; systemic reactions – stress; behavior of cell systems in stress and disease – examples of therapeutic interventions;
Literature
    required literature
  • ALBERTS, Bruce. Základy buněčné biologie : úvod do molekulární biologie buňky. Translated by Arnošt Kotyk. 2. vyd. Ústí nad Labem: Espero Publishing, 2004, xxvi, 630. ISBN 8090290620. info
  • VOET, Donald and Judith G. VOET. Biochemie. Translated by Arnošt Kotyk. 1. vyd. Praha: Victoria Publishing, 1995, S. II-XIV,. ISBN 80-85605-44-9. info
    recommended literature
  • ALBERTS, Bruce, Alexander JOHNSON, Julian LEWIS, David Owen MORGAN, Martin C. RAFF, Keith ROBERTS and Peter WALTER. Molecular biology of the cell. Edited by John H. Wilson - Tim Hunt. Sixth edition. New York, NY: Garland Science, 2014, xxxiv, 134. ISBN 9780815344322. info
  • Functional metabolism, Regulation and Adaptation, ed. K. B. Storey, Wiley-Liss, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey, 2004
  • Handbook of cell signaling, Vol. 1, 2, 3, eds. R. A. Bradshaw, E. A. Dennis, Academic Press, Elsevier Science 2004
  • Doporučené speciální separáty a elektronické prezentace přednášek. (Recommended thematic research papers and electronic presentation of the lectures)
Teaching methods
Lectures and class discussion. Students are asked questions dealing with subject of the past lectures.
Assessment methods
Attendance of the lectures is not mandatory but highly recommended for right understanding of educated topics. The course is finished by written exam evaluated by all teachers. Questions cover all teaching topics. Students must answer approximatelly 20 questions. 60% of correct answers is needed to pass.
Language of instruction
Czech
Follow-Up Courses
Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
Study Materials
The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.
Information on course enrolment limitations: Na předmět se vztahuje povinnost registrace, bez registrace může být znemožněn zápis předmětu!
Listed among pre-requisites of other courses
The course is also listed under the following terms Autumn 2007 - for the purpose of the accreditation, Autumn 2010 - only for the accreditation, Autumn 2002, Autumn 2003, Autumn 2004, Autumn 2005, Autumn 2006, Autumn 2007, Autumn 2008, Autumn 2009, Autumn 2010, Autumn 2011, Autumn 2011 - acreditation, Autumn 2012, Autumn 2013, Autumn 2014, Autumn 2015, Autumn 2016, autumn 2017, Autumn 2018, Autumn 2019, autumn 2021, Autumn 2022, Autumn 2023, Autumn 2024.
  • Enrolment Statistics (Autumn 2020, recent)
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