C7080 Lasers in Analytical chemistry

Faculty of Science
Autumn 2020
Extent and Intensity
2/0/0. 2 credit(s) (fasci plus compl plus > 4). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).
Teacher(s)
doc. Mgr. Karel Novotný, Ph.D. (lecturer)
Guaranteed by
doc. Mgr. Karel Novotný, Ph.D.
Department of Chemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science
Supplier department: Department of Chemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science
Timetable
Mon 16:00–17:50 C14/207
Prerequisites
Knowledge of Analytical Chemistry on a level of introductory course Knowledge of high school Physics.
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.
fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
Course objectives
Introduce the principles and possibilities of analytical techniques using laser radiation.
Learning outcomes
Students will acquire basic knowledge about laser principles and their application in chemical analysis of materials, environment monitoring, control of technological processes and in basic and space research.
Syllabus
  • 1. Principles of laser: Einstein's laws of emission and absorption of radiation, the concept of coherence radiation, inverse population, metastable states of atoms and molecules, active environment.
  • 2. Amplifier and generator of radiation. Optical feedback, resonators, modes, quality Q, the concept of Q-modulation. Modulation of active and passive, synchronization modes, femtosecond oscillators.
  • 3 Active environment lasers: Gas lasers (He-Ne,), energy diagrams; molecular CO2, N2, HCN lasers, lasers in solid (ruby and Nd-YAG), optical pumping, pulsed and continuous operation; ion lasers (Ar); Excimer laser (KrF); semiconductor lasers (GaAs, CdHgSeTe); chemical lasers (HF).
  • 4. Continuously tunable lasers dye (Rhodamine), solid phase (Sapphire: Ti), frequency and spectral properties, construction unimodal tunable lasers. Pulsed lasers, consistency and frequency spectrum of short pulses of radiation.
  • 5. Performances of lasers: continuous, noise and stability; pulse power, the length of pulses, stability.
  • 6. Laser radiation and optical properties of materials, pass of electromagnetic radiation through material environment, nonlinear optics, the absorption of radiation in surface layers of solid materials.
  • 7. Analytical applications using a high concentration of energy in a beam: Laser ablation for the surface and local analysis in combination with other spectral methodologies (AAS, ICP, OES), laser spark in the emission spectroscopy, MALDI.
  • 8. Laser spectroscopy of unsaturated states: atomic fluorescence photoionization (one and two photons) and its analytical applications (LEI), Raman spectroscopy, absorption spectrometry UV-VIS-IR with high-resolution, optoacoustic spectroscopy, absorption spectrometry low absorbances.
  • 9. Laser spectroscopy at saturated conditions (saturation spectroscopy) non-doppler absorption spectrometry one and two photons, frequency standards, high absorption spectrometry, heterodyne spectroscopy.
  • 10. Detection of individual atoms and molecules, the spatial orientation of molecules in the solid, spatial structural analysis of the nanotechnology and biology.
  • 11. Analysis of distant objects using LIDAR: analysis of gaseous emissions, smog, combat gases. Analysis of dangerous samples from a distance: spectral analysis of radioactive waste samples at high temperatures (furnaces, reactors), unavailable (poles, drilling).
  • 12. Remote sensing and Earth's atmosphere (non-linear heterodyne spectroscopy analysis,gravitational field).
Literature
    recommended literature
  • HÁBOVČÍK, Peter. Lasery a fotodetektory. 1. vyd. Bratislava: Alfa, 1990, 318 s. info
  • ENGST, Pavel and Milan HORÁK. Aplikace laserů. Vyd. 1. Praha: SNTL - Nakladatelství technické literatury, 1989, 204 s. URL info
    not specified
  • LETOCHOV, Vladilen Stepanovič. Lazernaja fotoionizacionnaja spektroskopija. Moskva: Nauka. Glavnaja redakcija fiziko-matematičeskoj literatury, 1987, 318 s. info
  • ŽAROV, Vladimir Pavlovič and Vladilen Stepanovič LETOCHOV. Lazernaja optiko-akustičeskaja spektroskopija. Moskva: Nauka, 1984, 319 s. info
Teaching methods
Lectures and final class discussion.
Assessment methods
Final oral examination - attendance or distance form
Language of instruction
Czech
Further Comments
Study Materials
The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.
Teacher's information
http://www.chemi.muni.cz/~lpca/
The course is also listed under the following terms Autumn 2007 - for the purpose of the accreditation, Autumn 1999, Autumn 2010 - only for the accreditation, Autumn 2000, Autumn 2001, Autumn 2002, Autumn 2003, Autumn 2004, Autumn 2005, Autumn 2006, Autumn 2007, Autumn 2008, Autumn 2009, Autumn 2010, Autumn 2011, Autumn 2011 - acreditation, Autumn 2012, Autumn 2013, Autumn 2014, Autumn 2015, Autumn 2016, autumn 2017, Autumn 2018, Autumn 2019, autumn 2021, Autumn 2022, Autumn 2023, Autumn 2024.
  • Enrolment Statistics (Autumn 2020, recent)
  • Permalink: https://is.muni.cz/course/sci/autumn2020/C7080