F5060 Atomic and molecular spectroscopy

Faculty of Science
autumn 2021
Extent and Intensity
2/2/0. 4 credit(s) (plus extra credits for completion). Type of Completion: zk (examination).
Teacher(s)
doc. Mgr. Zdeněk Navrátil, Ph.D. (lecturer)
doc. Mgr. Pavel Slavíček, Ph.D. (lecturer)
doc. RNDr. Antonín Brablec, CSc. (seminar tutor)
doc. Mgr. Zdeněk Navrátil, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
Guaranteed by
doc. Mgr. Zdeněk Navrátil, Ph.D.
Department of Plasma Physics and Technology – Physics Section – Faculty of Science
Contact Person: doc. Mgr. Zdeněk Navrátil, Ph.D.
Supplier department: Department of Plasma Physics and Technology – Physics Section – Faculty of Science
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is offered to students of any study field.
Course objectives
The aim of the subject is to introduce optical spectroscopy with the outlook of its application for optical diagnostics of plasma. There are two sub-aims: 1. To provide to students the basics of atomic and molecular physics, which are needed for explanation of optical emission spectra of atoms and molecules (e.g. interactions in atom and their impact on the spectra, term and state notation, effect of external fields...) 2. To provide to students the possibility to try the basic spectroscopy measurement on exceptional laboratory equipment.
Learning outcomes
At the end of the course the students will understand basics of atomic and molecular physics making possible to use them for diagnostics of plasmas by means of optical spectroscopy. Students obtain practical experiences at laboratory measurements of typical spectra as well as at solutions of typical problems from atomic and molecular spectroscopy.
Syllabus
  • Basic atomy theory
  • one-electron atoms - Schrodinger equation for one-electron atoms, quantum numbers and wave function, probability density, electron spin and fine structure
  • two-electron atoms - Schrodinger equation for two-electron atoms, Pauli principle, exchange interaction, general energy level structure of two-electron systems
  • many-electron atoms - central field approximation, LS coupling, deviation from pure LS coupling, configuration interaction
  • radiative transitions and selection rules - time-dependent perturbation, electromagnetic interaction, electric dipole approximation, selection rules for electric dipole transitions, selection rules and multiples in LS coupling, forbidden lines Atomic structure and atomic spectra
  • one-electron systems - alkali metals, spectral series, other one-electron systems
  • two-electron systems - systems with an s2 ground configuration, systems with a p2 ground configuration, rare gas systems
  • complex atoms
  • interpretation of spectra
  • inner-shell excitation and autoionization
  • isoelectronic sequences
  • atomic structure and the periodic table
  • nuclear effects - hyperfine structure, isotopes
  • influence of external fields - Zeeman and Stark effect Analysis of atomic spectra
  • observations, semiempirical relations, terms, determination of ionization energy, database of spectral lines and energy levels Molecular structure
  • Born-Oppenheimer approximation
  • electronic energy of diatomic molecules - symmetry properties of molecular orbitals, general structure of diatomic molecules, electronic states, vibrational and rotational energy of diatomic molecules
  • polyatomic molecules Molecular spectra
  • transition probabilities and selection rules for diatomic molecules rotational and vibrational spectra of diatomic molecules
  • electronic spectra - Hund's coupling cases, Franck - Condon principle
  • further effects in spectra of diatomic molecules - satellite bands, missing rotational lines, continuous spectra, predissociation
  • Raman spectra
  • spectra of polyatomic molecules
  • Width and shape of spectral lines
  • Elementary plasma spectroscopy
  • Experimental methods
  • Lectures are completed with laboratory exercises and solutions of typical problems from atomic and molecular spectroscopy.
Literature
  • TENNYSON, Jonathan. Astronomical spectroscopy : an introduction to the atomic and molecular physics of astronomical spectra. London: Imperial College Press, 2005, x, 192. ISBN 1860945139. info
  • THORNE, Anne P., Ulf LITZÉN and Sveneric JOHANSSON. Spectrophysics : principles and applications. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1999, xiv, 433. ISBN 3540651179. info
  • VAUGHAN, J. M. The Fabry-Perot interferometer :history, theory, practice and applications. Bristol: Adam Hilger, 1989, xix, 583 s. ISBN 0-85274-138-3. info
  • GRIEM, Hans R. Uširenije spektral'nych linij v plazme. Moskva: Mir, 1970, 491 s. info
  • MARR, Geopffrey V. Plasma spectroscopy. Amsterdam: Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, 1968, xii, 316. info
Teaching methods
lectures, reading, solution of typical problems from atomic and molecular spectroscopy, lab exercises, discussion Calculation exercices and laboratory exercises will be held in a present form. In emergency case, the distant form of teaching may be applied in case of calculation exercises.
Assessment methods
The presence in laboratory exercises, as well as during solutions of problems, is obligatory. The subject is finished by oral examination with discussion on relevant problems.
Language of instruction
Czech
Further Comments
Study Materials
The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.
The course is taught: every week.
The course is also listed under the following terms Autumn 2007 - for the purpose of the accreditation, Autumn 1999, Autumn 2010 - only for the accreditation, Autumn 2000, Autumn 2001, Autumn 2002, Autumn 2003, Autumn 2004, Autumn 2005, Autumn 2006, Autumn 2007, Autumn 2008, Autumn 2009, Autumn 2010, Autumn 2011, Autumn 2011 - acreditation, spring 2012 - acreditation, Autumn 2012, Autumn 2013, Autumn 2014, Autumn 2015, Autumn 2016, autumn 2017, Autumn 2018, Autumn 2019, Autumn 2020, Autumn 2022, Autumn 2023, Autumn 2024.
  • Enrolment Statistics (autumn 2021, recent)
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