F7800 Theory and construction of optical systems

Faculty of Science
Autumn 2023
Extent and Intensity
2/1/0. 3 credit(s) (plus extra credits for completion). Type of Completion: zk (examination).
Teacher(s)
Mgr. Dušan Hemzal, Ph.D. (lecturer)
prof. RNDr. Radim Chmelík, Ph.D. (lecturer)
Mgr. Mojmír Meduňa, Ph.D. (lecturer)
Guaranteed by
doc. RNDr. Petr Mikulík, Ph.D.
Department of Condensed Matter Physics – Physics Section – Faculty of Science
Contact Person: Mgr. Dušan Hemzal, Ph.D.
Supplier department: Department of Condensed Matter Physics – Physics Section – Faculty of Science
Prerequisites
basic knowledge of optics in the scope of general physics, basic knowledge of calculus
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is offered to students of any study field.
Course objectives
The main goal of the course is for students to be able to, after completing it - describe the basic methods of optical microscopy, image formation in optical devices, and limits of optical imaging, and explain the principles of these methods - choose a suitable observation technique for a given experiment, use an adequate optical device, and assess the correctness of this choice by analyzing the contrast of the resulting image, all this for microstructures of preparations in biology, medicine, mineralogy, metallurgy, material sciences, etc.
Learning outcomes
After completing the course, the student will be able to: - understand the principles of basic optical instruments; - draw up a diagram of the given optical apparatus and determine the actual path of light after its passage; - list and understand the basic techniques of optical contrast in microscopes; - list and describe some types of modern microscopes;
Syllabus
  • 1. Spectral composition of light, light absorption, light detectors, human eye 2. Beamsplitters, reflectance and transmittance, total reflection, beam divergence 3. Optical imaging, thin lens, optical system, principal planes, focal planes 4. Constructive rays, actual imaging rays, entrance pupil, angular aperture 5. Optical microscope, coherent and incoherent specimen illumination, field lens 6. Limiting resolution, depth of field 7. Properties of specimens, absorption, birefringence, scattering, reflectance 8. Darkfield method for transmission and reflection 9. Two-beam interference, temporal and spatial coherence, visibility 10. Image contrast for reflection and transmission in an interference microscope 11. Linear polarization of light, polarizers, the passage of light through a birefringent substance 12. Polarization microscope, the molecular structure of preparations, and birefringence. 13. Display of 3D objects, contrast of the scanning method, optical tomography 14. Principle of the scanning computer optical microscopy method
Literature
    recommended literature
  • John Girkin, A Practical Guide to Optical Microscopy,CRC Press 2019, https://doi.org/10.1201/b22249
  • HECHT, Eugene. Optics. 4th ed. San Francisco: Addison Wesley, 2002, vi, 698. ISBN 0321188780. info
  • BORN, Max and Emil WOLF. Principles of optics : electromagnetic theory of propagation, interference and diffraction of light. 7th ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999, xxxiii, 95. ISBN 0521642221. info
  • KUBĚNA, Josef. Úvod do optiky. Brno: Masarykova univerzita, 1994, 181 s. ISBN 8021008350. info
  • SCHRÖDER, Gottfried and Zdeněk BERGER. Technická optika. Vyd. 1. Praha: SNTL - Nakladatelství technické literatury, 1981, 158 s. URL info
  • FUKA, Josef and Bedřich HAVELKA. Optika a atomová fyzika. fyzikální kompendium pro vysoké školy. Vyd. 1. Praha: Státní pedagogické nakladatelství, 1961, 845 s. URL info
Teaching methods
Part of this subject is an exercise that will also take place as a follow-up to the lecture and on which the concepts presented during the courses will be developed - the exercise will include examples and practice of the construction of basic beam diagrams of the discussed imaging systems and methods.
Assessment methods
Passing the final written test and, unless otherwise stated, also 80% participation in the exercise is required for credit.
Language of instruction
Czech
Follow-Up Courses
Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
The course is taught annually.
The course is taught: every week.
Teacher's information
Suitable for physics students with basic knowledge of optics.
The course is also listed under the following terms Autumn 2024.
  • Enrolment Statistics (Autumn 2023, recent)
  • Permalink: https://is.muni.cz/course/sci/autumn2023/F7800