C8500 Mechanisms of Organic Reactions

Přírodovědecká fakulta
jaro 2020
Rozsah
2/0/0. 2 kr. (příf plus uk plus > 4). Doporučované ukončení: zk. Jiná možná ukončení: k.
Vyučující
prof. RNDr. Petr Klán, Ph.D. (přednášející)
Garance
prof. RNDr. Petr Klán, Ph.D.
Ústav chemie – Chemická sekce – Přírodovědecká fakulta
Dodavatelské pracoviště: Ústav chemie – Chemická sekce – Přírodovědecká fakulta
Rozvrh
Po 10:00–11:50 A08/309
Předpoklady
C7410 Structure and Reactivity &&NOW( C8510 Mechanisms of Org. React.-sem. )
organic chemistry, physical chemistry
Omezení zápisu do předmětu
Předmět je nabízen i studentům mimo mateřské obory.
Mateřské obory/plány
předmět má 14 mateřských oborů, zobrazit
Cíle předmětu
This course is a follow up of the course of Structure and Reactivity. The aim of this course is for students to gain knowledge of elemental steps of chemical transformations and reactive intermediates and to help them to use the scientific literature in the corresponding field and interpret the results from the experimental and theoretical studies.
Výstupy z učení
In the end of this course, the student will be able to understand the details of the mechanisms of chemical transformations, which are studied using chemical and physical tools.
Osnova
  • 1. Writing Organic Reaction Mechanisms. Electron configurations. Electron pushing. Symbolism. 2. Experimental Tools to Study Reaction Mechanisms. Kinetics and thermodynamics. Identification of products. Crossover studies. Isotopic labeling. Stereochemistry. Trapping of reactive intermediates. 3. Reactive Intermediates. Carbocations. Carbanions, Radicals. Carbenes. Nitrenes. Arynes. Ketenes. Electron-deficient compounds. 4. Electrophilic Addition to Multiple Bonds. Halogenation. Oxymercuration. Hydroboration. Epoxidation. Addition to Alkynes. 5. Reactions of Carbonyl and Carboxyl Compounds. Stereoelectronic effects of addition. Hydrolysis. Acid/base catalyzed reactions. Hydrolysis of acetals and esters. Tautomerism. Reduction. Cannizzaro reaction. Grignard reaction. Michael reaction. Witting reaction. 6. Elimination Reactions. E1, E2 and E1CB mechanisms. Stereo- and regioselectivity of eliminations. Zaitsev's rule. Hofmann elimination. 1,1-Eliminations. 7. Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution. SEAr mechanisms; σ-complex; substituent effects. Quantitative comparison of SEAr rates. Peri interactions and ipso substitutions. 8. Nucleophilic Aromatic and Vinylic Substitution. SNAr mechanisms. Jackson-Meisenheimer complex; aryne. Nucleophilic vinylic substitution. 9. Nucleophilic Aliphatic Substitution. SN1 and SN2. Substitution involving electron transfer. 10. Radical Reactions. Substitution and addition reactions. Fragmentations. Chain processes. Rearrangements. Redox processes. Electron transfer reactions. 11. Organometallic Reactions. Transition-metal complexes. Reaction types. Metal-mediated reactions. Metal-catalyzed reactions. 12. Pericyclic reactions. Selection rules. Cycloaddition. Electrocyclization. Sigmatropic rearrangement. Ene reaction. 13. Photochemical Reactions. Excited-state reactivity. Photocycloaddition. Photoinduced hydrogen transfer. Photoelimination. Singlet oxygen reactions. Photocatalysis.
Literatura
    povinná literatura
  • ANSLYN, Eric V. a Dennis A. DOUGHERTY. Modern physical organic chemistry. Sausalito, Calif.: University Science Books, 2006, xxviii, 10. ISBN 1891389319. info
    doporučená literatura
  • CARROLL, Felix A. Solutions manual for perspectives on structure and mechanism in organic chemistry. Second edition. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, 2011, v, 141. ISBN 9780470261156. info
Výukové metody
Lectures.
Metody hodnocení
One written final test (50% of correct answers is needed to pass) + the oral exam.
Vyučovací jazyk
Angličtina
Navazující předměty
Informace učitele
https://is.muni.cz/auth/el/1431/jaro2006/C8500/
Další komentáře
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Předmět je vyučován každoročně.
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Předmět je zařazen také v obdobích jaro 2008 - akreditace, jaro 2011 - akreditace, jaro 2000, jaro 2001, jaro 2002, jaro 2003, jaro 2004, jaro 2005, jaro 2006, jaro 2007, jaro 2008, jaro 2009, jaro 2010, jaro 2011, jaro 2012, jaro 2012 - akreditace, jaro 2013, jaro 2014, jaro 2015, jaro 2016, jaro 2017, jaro 2018, jaro 2019, jaro 2021, jaro 2022, jaro 2023, jaro 2024, jaro 2025.