PřF:C7075 Bioanalytical chemistry in lab - Course Information

C7075 Bioanalytical chemistry in laboratory medicine

Extent and Intensity

2/0/0. 2 credit(s) (plus extra credits for completion). Type of Completion: zk (examination).

Teacher(s)

Mgr. Miroslava Bittová, Ph.D. (lecturer)
prof. RNDr. Přemysl Lubal, Ph.D. (lecturer)

Guaranteed by

prof. RNDr. Přemysl Lubal, Ph.D.
Department of Chemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science
Supplier department: Department of Chemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science

Prerequisites

Basic knowledges of inorganic, organic and analytical chemistry, biochemistry and fhysical chemistry are required. Lescture enlarges analytical chemistry to the field of biological samples based namely on enzymatic immunoanalytic methods with the used of instrumental techniques. Studens-absolvents in the 3rd studying year are preferred.

Course Enrolment Limitations

The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.

fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with

• Analytical Chemistry (programme PřF, N-CH)
• Analytical Chemist - Manager of Chemical Laboratory (programme PřF, B-CH)

Course objectives

Lectures enlarges analytical chemistry to the field of biological samples based namely on enzymatic immunoanalytic methods with the used of instrumental techniques. Students-absolvents in the 3rd studying year are preferred.

Learning outcomes

Students are going to familiarize with:
- basic terms used in clinical chemistry;
- principles of methods commonly applied in bioanalysis;
- importance of basic bioanalytical analytes and understand to procedures and methods of determination;
- reading results from bioanalytical laboratory;
- rules and standards related with quality control in bioanalytical laboratory;

Syllabus

• 1. The aim of clinical chemistry and the position of a clinical analyst. Specificity of biological samples and the influence of biological matrix. The main methods of withdrawal of biological specimens. How to express and interpret an analytical result. Acute/POCT analyses. 2. The selection of an analytical method (general, specific, analytical and clinical features). Primary, reference, recommended and routine methods. Calibration, control and reference materials. Work organization, instruments, analyzers. Preanalytical phase: withdrawal, transport, storage and preparation of laboratory specimens. 3. Quality management in clinical laboratory (intra- and interlaboratory qualiy control, tolerance limits). The importance of a positive evaluation of clinical laboratory. Buffers for clinical chemistry (basic features, compatibility). 4. Basic/vital aminoacids, peptides and proteins and their significance. Methods of their determination. 5. Enzyme analyses: kinetics, temperature, accelerators/retarders, buffers and substrates. Enzyme as a bioanalyte: the measurement of its catalytic concentration/enzymatic substrates. Enzymes as analytical reagents/accelerators for other bioanalytes. 6. Immunochemistry and immunoanalysis: serologic, precipitation and immunodiffusion. Methods with labeled reactants: radionuclides, enzymes, fluorophores, luminophores etc. Competitive/uncompetitive methods, homogeneous/heterogeneous methods. The use of avidin and biotin. 7. Analytical importance of nucleic acids (structure/properties), important NA-sequences. Polymerase chain reaction and its use for diagnostics of patogens in forensic/prenatal diagnostics. 8. Colour properties of molecules. Basic rules: conjugated double-bonds, aromatic/ heterocyclic compounds, substituents and their effect on polarization/ionization of the molecule, planar structure, oxidation/reduction reactions. Examples for the use in clinical chemistry. 9. Basic indicating reactions: coupling, oxidation coupling with peroxide, oxidation of leuco bases. The reactions with coenzymes of NAD/NADP, tetrazolium salts, formazans. 10. Development/production of analytical kits for in vitro diagnostics (requirements, production procedures). 11. Development/perspectives of clinical chemistry: consolidated laboratories, diagnostic centres, method miniaturisation, microchips, bio-probes, laboratory automation. 12. Some selected bioanalytes, their significance/determination: glucose, urea, uric acid, creatinine, bilirubin, cholesterol, triacylglycerols, total protein/albumin, fibrinogen, hemoglobin, chlorides, iron, enzymes (amylase, aminotransferases, acid/alkaline phosphatase, chlinesterase, creatinkinase, GGT), insulin, lipids, prostate specific antigen, gravidity test. The use of PCR for the estimation of TBC And boreliosis. 13. Visit of a clinical laboratory, principles of quality control/management.

Literature

• CHROMÝ, Vratislav, Luděk DOHNAL, Alena FISCHEROVÁ, Eva KLOKOČNÍKOVÁ, Josef KRATOCHVÍLA, Zdenek KUBÍČEK, Miloš POLLAK, Milena RIKANOVÁ, Petr SCHNEIDERKA, Luděk ŠPRONGL, Dana TRÁVNÍČKOVÁ and Jan VILÍMEC. Management kvality v analytické a klinické chemii (Quality management in analytical and clinical chemistry). první. Brno: Masarykova univerzity, Brno, PřF, Ústav chemie, 2009, 215 pp. ISBN 978-80-903732-6-6. info
• CHROMÝ, Vratislav. Bioanalytika : analytická chemie v laboratorní medicíně. 1. vyd. Brno: Masarykova univerzita v Brně, 2002, 267 s. ISBN 80-210-2917-X. info
• CHROMÝ, Vratislav and Jiří FISCHER. Analytické metody v klinické chemii (Analytical methods in clinical chemistry). Brno: MU Brno, 2000, 211 pp. ISBN 80-210-2363-5. info

Teaching methods

set of lectures

Assessment methods

final written examination

Language of instruction

Czech

Further comments (probably available only in Czech)

The course is taught: every week.

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