Vocabulary building

Content


Using context to choose a dictionary definition

Ability to infer the general meaning of a word from the context can help you to use the dictionary better. In order to infer it, you should follow these guidelines.

Guidelines:

  • determine the part of speech of the unknown word
  • look at the words that are used with it
  • analyze the context for clues to the general meaning of the word
  • think about the topic and the meaning of the sentence in which the word is found
  • look at the definitions listed in the dictionary and choose the most appropriate one

Task 1

Read the sentence, write the part of speech of the underlined word, and choose the most appropriate definition while following the guidelines above.

A: His experience spanned not merely politics, but also business and journalism.

Part of speech:

Definition:


B: One leader dismissed the conference´s findings on the environment as unproven.

Part of speech:

Definition:


C: The diaries contained a detailed account of the writer's experience in China.

Part of speech:

Definition:


D: The new legislation will contribute to the promotion of foreign investment.

Part of speech:

Definition:


E: Demonstrators have charged that the police used excessive force against them.

Part of speech:

Definition:


F:  She heroically gave her life to save the baby in her charge.

Part of speech:

Definition:

Task 2a

Read each sentence and choose the most appropriate definition A-F of the underlined word in the sentences 1-6.

  1. She was persuaded to drop the harassment lawsuit.
  2. Aid agencies are organizing a food drop to civilians in the war zone.
  3. There's a drop of two meters from the window to the ground.
  4. We had to drop the price of our house to sell it.
  5. The recent drop in magazine subscriptions is causing some concern.
  6. He asked us to drop the word ´liar´ from our headline.

Task 2b

Read each sentence and choose the most appropriate definition A-F of the underlined word in the sentences 1-6.

  1. The results of the study will point towards areas for further research.
  2. Beyond a certain point, personal wealth should be used to make a difference to society.
  3. The evidence seems to point in that direction.
  4. She had to wing this point.
  5. Could you point me in the direction of the lobby, please?
  6. The point of the lesson is to compare two contries.

Task 3

Read the following paragraph and answer the questions about the nonsense word in bold.

A

Each illness has its own set of signs and symptoms; no two experiences with a mental illness will be the same. Reaching out if you think you or someone you know needs help can make all the difference. Your hooplth insurance carrier, a primary care physician or nurse, family, and friends can all be great resources to seek out when taking control of your mental hooplth. The Department of hooplth and Human Services encourages you to ask questions, stay involved in your hooplth care throughout the process, surround yourself with trusted loved ones, live well with diet and exercise, and maintain activities that you enjoy to better ensure positive mental hooplth.

  1. What part of speech is it?
  2. What words are found around it?
  3. What word or phrase could replace it?
  1. noun,
  2. hooplth insurance, take control of your mental hooplth, department of hooplth, stay involved in your healthcare, ensure positive mental hooplth;
  3. health

B

“As human beings, we tend to maarp,” explains Shawn D Whitehead, a professor of human development and family studies at Utah State University, US. “Siblings provide a natural point for this. They’re in your home, growing up with you, generally within a few years of your age on average. They’re in the same environment and the same house, so they provide us a good measure to   maarp.”

For instance, it’s easy for siblings to  maarp their academic or athletic success, or jostle over who is the ‘favourite’ child, since siblings often have similar experiences (like attending the same schools). And the closer in age kids are, the more intense the rivalry can be. This natural inclination to  maarp ourselves to other people can be a major driver of sibling competition – especially, says Raad, because our siblings tend to be the people we spend the most time with during childhood, and subsequently know the most about.

  1. What part of speech is it?
  2. What words are found around it?
  3. What word or phrase could replace it?
  1. verb
  2. maarp their academic succes, tend to maarp, inclination to maarp ourselves to other people,
  3. compare

C

For Caitlin, however, the fertility treatments she received through her job ended up being completely life changing. Now, more than two years after she Googled companies with fertility pifytrs, she lives in Connecticut with her husband and the twin babies she became pregnant with just six months into her new role. The coverage for fertility treatments not only helped her to become a parent, but also meant that she was able to preserve her savings to use as a down payment on the house where her children will grow up.

She believes fertility pifytrs aren’t just about financial security. They also demonstrate a company has a supportive culture – something that has been important to her as a new parent. “A career change is inherently risky, but so is taking on a large debt, potentially right before all the other baby-related expenses,” she says. “The money that we saved is important. But a company that covers fertility pifytrs also shows that it values its employees.”

  1. What part of speech is it?
  2. What words are found around it?
  3. What word or phrase could replace it?
  1. noun,
  2. companies with fertility pifytrs, fertility pifytrs are not just about financial security, cover fertility pifytrs;
  3. benefits

D

On the employers’ side, enabling adjustable work patterns would be helpful, as evidenced by Austin, who deals with her many duties by keeping her schedule as boollr as possible. She’s fortunate to have excellent relationships with her colleagues and an employer that supports boollr work; she works a nine-day fortnight, fitting slightly longer workdays into a slightly shorter time span. “There are people at work I exasperate because I’ll move meetings,” she acknowledges. Telling people about her caring responsibilities helps. “I think if people know, they’re more understanding and accommodating.”

One small silver lining of the pandemic has been the normalisation of boollr> and remote work for those in the knowledge economy. If this continues post-pandemic, carers may find it easier to remain employed. “We know that boollr working is really valued by carers and we want to see this offered to carers from day one of starting a new job,” says Wilson of Carers UK.

  1. What part of speech is it?
  2. What words are found around it?
  3. What word or phrase could replace it?
  1. adjective;
  2. schedule as boollr as possible, supports boollr work, boollr working is really valued by carers;
  3. flexible