Indirect/reported speech

Basic idea about the tense shift in reporting: one tense back

Type of changeSpecific tenses or modalsExamples
Present changes to past present simple → past simple “She is happy.” They said she was happy.
present continuous → past continuous “I’m feeling ill.” He said he was feeling ill.
present perfect → past perfect “Amy has had a baby.” She said Amy had had a baby.
Past changes to past perfect past simple → past perfect “The trip was good.” She said the trip had been good.
past continuous → past perfect continuous “I was watching films.” He said he had been watching films.
past perfect – no change
will changes to would will → would “I’ll help you.” She said she would help me.
can → could “He can’t come.” She said he couldn’t come.
would, could, might, should – no change

Exercises

Exercise 1

Complete the gaps with the suitable verb form in the reported sentences.

Study the difference between tell and say:

tell somebodysay something
She told me that you were ill.She said that you were ill.

Exercise 2

Choose the right or better verb for each sentence.

Exercise 3

Rewrite this complaint in reported speech changing the verb forms where necessary.