V005 Panorama of Physics I

Faculty of Informatics
Autumn 1996
Extent and Intensity
2/0. 2 credit(s). Type of Completion: z (credit).
Teacher(s)
prof. RNDr. Jan Novotný, CSc. (lecturer)
Guaranteed by
Contact Person: prof. RNDr. Jan Novotný, CSc.
Prerequisites (in Czech)
Předpokládá se znalost základních pojmů, symboliky a nejjednodušších technik matematické analýzy (diferenciální a integrální počet funkcí jedné i více proměnných).
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.
fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
Syllabus
  • The distances and the structures. The horizons of our knowledge. The universe and the microcosmos. The four interactions and efforts to unify them. The basic physical paradigmas and their historical development.
  • Do we stay or do we move? The problem of the choice of reference system. The Galilei, Newton and Mach standpoint and reflexions of their views in contemporary physics. The inertial and noninertial reference systems.
  • The laws of motion. The newtonian world. The force, the mass, the acceleration. The Newtonian laws of motion and the laws of forces. The Laplacean determinism. The symmetry of the physical laws. The celestial mechanics.
  • The conservation laws. The momentum, the angular momentum, the energy. The mathematical and physical meaning of conservation laws. The collisions of particles.
  • The variational principles. The Hamilton principle of least action, the Lagrange and Hamilton equations. The conservation laws and principles of symmetry.
  • A review of Lagrangean theories. The particle in an external field, gravitational and electromagnetic interaction of particles. The Kepler problem. The theory of oscillations. The constrained systems. The motions of rigid bodies. Physics in noninertial systems.
  • Principles of continuum mechanics. The forces of long and short range, the classification of continuas, the equations of motion for elastic bodies and flows, the sound as a wave motion of continuum, the conservation laws in continuum mechanics.
  • The electromagnetic field. The basic electromagnetic phenomena. Maxwell equations of electromagnetic field.
  • The applications of electrodynamics. The electrodynamics of continual media. Electromagnetic waves. Energy and momentum of electromagnetic field.
  • The special theory of relativity. The principle of relativity and principle of constant speed of light. The Lorentz transformation, contraction of lenght and dilatation of time. The Doppler effect. The relativistic energy and momentum of the particle.
  • The four-dimmensional space-time. The geometry of Minkowski. The past, the present and the future. The twin paradox.
  • The thermodynamics and statistical prysics. Conservation of energy and decrease of entropy. Statistical explanation of the behaviour of the ideal gas.
Language of instruction
Czech
The course is also listed under the following terms Autumn 1995, Spring 1997, Autumn 1997, Autumn 1998, Autumn 1999, Autumn 2000, Autumn 2001.
  • Enrolment Statistics (Autumn 1996, recent)
  • Permalink: https://is.muni.cz/course/fi/autumn1996/V005