BKPA021p Pathology

Faculty of Medicine
spring 2025
Extent and Intensity
2/0/0. 2 credit(s). Type of Completion: k (colloquium).
In-person direct teaching
Teacher(s)
MUDr. Zdeněk Bednařík (lecturer)
MUDr. Michal Hendrych (lecturer)
prof. MUDr. Markéta Hermanová, Ph.D. (lecturer)
doc. MUDr. Leoš Křen, Ph.D. (lecturer)
MUDr. Irena Kubelková (lecturer)
MUDr. Václav Kubeš, Ph.D. (lecturer)
MUDr. Jitka Kyclová (lecturer)
MUDr. Dávid Said (lecturer)
MUDr. Zuzana Špatná (lecturer)
MUDr. Pavlína Urbanová (lecturer)
MUDr. Michaela Velecká (lecturer)
MUDr. Jakub Vlažný (lecturer)
MUDr. Dušan Zoufalý (lecturer)
Markéta Grozertová (assistant)
Bc. Eliška Gruberová (assistant)
Dana Navrátilová (assistant)
Linda Penčová (assistant)
Guaranteed by
prof. MUDr. Markéta Hermanová, Ph.D.
First Department of Pathology – Institutions shared with St. Anne's Faculty Hospital – Faculty of Medicine
Contact Person: Linda Penčová
Supplier department: First Department of Pathology – Institutions shared with St. Anne's Faculty Hospital – Faculty of Medicine (50,00 %), Department of Pathology – Joint workplaces with the University Hospital Brno - workplaces of the Bohunice and Mater. Hospital – Faculty of Medicine (50,00 %)
Prerequisites
BKZA011p Anatomy && BKBC011p Biochemistry -lec
The course is designed for students of corresponding fields.
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is only offered to the students of the study fields the course is directly associated with.
fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
there are 12 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display
Course objectives
Pathology gives a comprehensive summary of knowledge concerning all pathological processes occurring in the organism. General Pathology gives a definition of the basic pathological changes; Special Pathology gives a description of the disorders of individual systems of the organism. Problematics of eye pathology is part of a separate subject.
Learning outcomes
- theoretical knowledge about pathology
- a comprehensive summary of knowledge about all pathological processes taking place in the body
- general pathology
- basic pathological changes
- special pathology
- describes disorders of various system organisms
Syllabus
  • General Pathology Definition of the discipline, importance of pathology in contemporary medicine. Methods of pathology: dissection (macro- and microfindings), correlation of clinical and pathological diagnosis, bioptic examination, methods of removal and fixation of material. Cytological examination. Disease: its definition, characteristics, course. External and internal causes. Prevention. Extinction of the organism: clinical death, biological death. Signs of death. Regressive changes: necrosis - its kinds and causes. Atrophy: simple a., numerical a. Basic causes. Dystrophy: disorders of the metabolism of proteins, saccharides, fats, water, minerals (lithiasis), pigments (incl. icterus). Inflammation: definition, local and generalised manifestations, both macroscopic and microscopic. Causes and forms of inflammation, classification, terminology (incl. examples). Disorders of immunity, transplantation. Progressive changes. Regeneration, repair, healing of wounds (incl. bone fractures). Hypertrophy, hyperplasia, metaplasia, dysplasia. Pseudotumours: cysts, pseudocysts, inflammatory tumours, disorders of embryonic development. Tumour: definition, general properties, causes of its origin, precancerous states. Biological character of tumours: benign tumours, malignant tumours, of uncertain biological character. The systematics of tumours: epithelial t., mesenchymal t., haemoblastoses and lymphomas, neuroectodermal t., germinal t., mixed t., choriocarcinoma, mesothelioma. Special Pathology Disease of the heart, blood and lymph circulation. Heart defects: congenital h.d., acquired h.d., changes in heart shape and size, pathological contents of pericardium, inflammations, ischaemic heart disease - myocardial infarction. Symptoms of circulatory insufficiency. Hypertension disease. Diseases of arteries and veins: arteriosclerosis, aneurysms, inflammations, anomalies in quantity and composition of blood, anaemias, polycythaemias. Local disorders of circulation: thrombosis, embolism. Haemorrhage. Disorders of circulation. Lymphadenitides. Tumours. Diseases of the respiratory tract. Pathology of the upper respiratory tract: coryza, sinusitides, laryngitides, bronchitides, changes of the lumen, true and false tumours. Changes in pulmonary ventilation, circulatory disorders (venostasis, oedema, induration, infarction, embolism), dusting of the lungs. Pneumonias: superficial p., interstitial p., and specific p. (TBC). Pulmonary tumours. Pathology of the pleura. Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Pathology of the oral cavity, incl. dentition, pharynx, and tonsils (especially tonsillitis), oesophagus: bleeding of the varices, luminal changes, tumours. Gastritides, ulcer disease, tumours of the stomach. Pathology of the intestines: circulatory disorders, inflammations incl. cholera, dysentery, typhus, and Crohn’s disease. Appendicitis, malabsorption syndrome. Acquired changes in the position and lumen of the intestines: ileus, hernias, tumours. Inflammations of the pleura and pathological contents of abdominal cavity. Hepatitides, cirrhosis, tumours. Pathology of the gallbladder and biliary tract: stones, inflammations, obstructive jaundice, tumours. Pancreas: pancreatitides (incl. acute haemorrhagic necrosis), pancreas in diabetes, tumours. Pathology of the urinary tract: nephrolithiasis, inflammations (pyelonephritides, glomerulonephritides), nephroses. Uraemias. Tumours of the kidneys and urinary bladder. Pathology of the male genital system, especially prostate and testes (hyperplasias, inflammations, tumours). Pathology of the female genital system: disorders of fertility, inflammations of the adnexa, uterus, vagina, precancerous states, and tumours. Pathology of pregnancy. Pathology of the mammary gland: inflammations, dysplasias, tumours. Pathology of the central and peripheral nervous systems: traumas, bleeding, cerebral strokes: ischaemias, inflammations, tumours. Changes of the pia mater, drainage disorders of the cerebrospinal fluid, oedema. Tumours of PNS. Pathology of the eye: traumas, inflammations, tumours. Pathology of the thyroid gland: struma, thyrotoxicosis, tumours. Pathology of the skin: burns, frostbites, inflammations, tumorigenic lesions and neoplasms. Pathology of skeletal muscles: atrophy, myasthenia gravis, ruptures, haemorrhages, inflammations, tumours. Diseases of the skeletal system: fractures, inflammations, tumours. Pathology of the child age: genetically conditioned diseases, pathology of the foetus and the neonate with special focus on diseases affecting the sight.
Literature
  • J. Stříteský, Patologie pro II. Ročník SZŠ, 2 díly
  • MAČÁK, Jiří. Obecná patologie. Olomouc, 2002. info
Teaching methods
lecture
Assessment methods
theoretical exam - test
Language of instruction
Czech
Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
The course is taught annually.
The course is taught: every week.
Information on the extent and intensity of the course: 30.
Listed among pre-requisites of other courses
The course is also listed under the following terms Spring 2000, Spring 2001, Spring 2002, Spring 2003, Spring 2004, Spring 2005, Spring 2006, Spring 2007, Spring 2008, Spring 2009, Spring 2010, Spring 2011, Spring 2012, Spring 2013, Spring 2014, Spring 2015, Spring 2016, Spring 2017, Spring 2018, spring 2019, spring 2020, spring 2021, spring 2022, spring 2023, spring 2024.
  • Enrolment Statistics (spring 2025, recent)
  • Permalink: https://is.muni.cz/course/med/spring2025/BKPA021p