aZLBC041p Biochemie II - přednáška

Lékařská fakulta
jaro 2021
Rozsah
1/0/0. 15. 2 kr. Ukončení: zk.
Vyučující
doc. RNDr. Jiří Dostál, CSc. (přednášející)
RNDr. Hana Paulová, CSc. (přednášející)
Mgr. Jiří Slanina, Ph.D. (přednášející)
prof. RNDr. Eva Táborská, CSc. (přednášející)
doc. RNDr. Josef Tomandl, Ph.D. (přednášející)
MUDr. Michaela Králíková, Ph.D. (pomocník)
Mgr. Marie Tomandlová, Ph.D. (pomocník)
Garance
prof. RNDr. Eva Táborská, CSc.
Biochemický ústav – Teoretická pracoviště – Lékařská fakulta
Dodavatelské pracoviště: Biochemický ústav – Teoretická pracoviště – Lékařská fakulta
Předpoklady
aZLLC011p Lékařská chemie, DM.- předn. && aZLBF011p Lékařská fyzika a infor.-lec. && aZLBI0222p Biologie II - přednáška && aZLBC0221s Biochemie I - seminář
Omezení zápisu do předmětu
Předmět je určen pouze studentům mateřských oborů.

Jiné omezení: Přihlášení ke zkoušce je podmíněno vykonáním zkoušky z Biochemie I.
Mateřské obory/plány
Cíle předmětu
The course extends the knowledge of biochemistry acquired in the course Biochemistry I and deals with integration of biochemical processes in human body. The aim is to understand biochemical processes characteristic for individual tissues and organs and principles of their regulation. It focuses on the relationship between health and disease from a biochemical point of view. It points to the links between biochemical principles and other medical subjects such as physiology, immunology, pharmacology, toxicology and others. Special attention is focused on biochemical processes in oral cavity and biochemical aspects of dental tissues.
Výstupy z učení
The student is able to:
- explain the interrelationship between the metabolism of nutrients under different states of the organism.
- describe the metabolic characteristics of major organs and tissues and major disorders, discusses their association with diseases.
- understand and discusse principles of maintaining homeostasis and acid-base balance in the organism, including modeling situations
- discusse the composition of body fluids and their disorders in connection with the principles of homeostasis.
- explain the principles of metabolism regulation at all levels.
Osnova
  • Digestion and absorption of lipids. Blood plasma lipids and the major groups of lipoproteins. Metabolic fate of chylomicrons and VLDL, the metabolism of HDL.
  • The integration of intermediary metabolism at the tissue and organ level (after the meal, during starvation, stress, obesity).
  • The metabolic functions of the liver. Catabolism of haemoglobin, bilirubin metabolism. Metabolism of iron.
  • Biotransformation of xenobiotics. Two phases of biotransformation, typical reactions, cytochrome P450. Metabolism of ethanol.
  • Control of metabolism. Mechanism of hormone and neurotransmitter action. Types of membrane receptors, intracellular receptors.
  • Nerve cells. Neuro-secretion. The biosynthesis and inactivation of neurotransmitters, neurotransmission across synapses. Cholinergic, adrenergic, gabaergic receptors.
  • Body water, the movement of water between ECF and ICF, water excretion. Ionic composition of blood plasma, gradients of Na+ and K+ across cell membranes. Plasma osmolality, oncotic pressure. Regulation of Na+ a K+ excretion.
  • Transport of O2 and CO2. Metabolic pathways producing/consuming H+ ions. Buffer bases of blood, blood plasma (concentrations of components), ICF, the parameters of acid-base status. The role of the lung, the kidney, and the liver in maintaining acid-base balance.
  • Normal renal functions. Glomerular filtration. Tubular resorption and secretion.
  • Metabolism of calcium, magnesium, phosphates, fluoride, and iodine. Hormones involved in their metabolism.
  • The extracellular matrix. Mineralisation of hard tissues, regulation. Composition of bones, dentine, enamel, and cement.
  • Saliva and biochemical aspects of oral homeostasis. Plaque formation and metabolism. Influence of nutrition on oral health.
  • The major proteins of blood plasma. The blood-coagulation cascade, inhibition of clotting. Fibrinogen, fibrin, fibrinolysis.
  • Endothelial cells. Biochemistry of blood cells.
Literatura
    doporučená literatura
  • KOOLMAN, Jan a Klaus-Heinrich RÖHM. Color atlas of biochemistry. 3rd ed., rev. and updated. Stuttgart: Thieme, 2013, ix, 495. ISBN 9783131003737. info
  • MURRAY, Robert K., David A. BENDER, Kathleen M. BOTHAM, Peter J. KENNELLY, Victor W. RODWELL a P. Anthony WEIL. Harper's Illustrated Biochemistry. 28th ed. McGraw-Hill, 2009. ISBN 978-0-07-163827-2. info
Výukové metody
Teaching form are lectures. Supplementary subjects are seminars and practicals (ZLBC041c and ZLBC041c).
Metody hodnocení
Student must have course-unit credit of seminar and practicals in the day of exam. The examination has writen and oral part. The test consists of 25 questions and is solved on computers in the computer room of Department of Biochemistry (personal university ID /UCO/ and pass-word for IS MUNI is necessary for entrance to the test): As a rule, 10 questions are from practical exercises. Remaining 15 questions cover essential knowledge ranging over all studied topics. Only those students who gain 14 correct answers at a minimum will be permitted to sit for the oral examination. The oral part of examination Students select three questions and have about 30 minutes for the written preparation. They should summarize their answers as concisely and accurately as possible. It is recommended to follow these items: - to write a brief synopsis emphasizing the main ideas - to draw metabolic pathways in structural formulas with a short comment - where appropriate, to draw a picture A good and concise preparation reflects the students’ knowledge and understanding the biochemistry and will be considered in the final classification.

Changes in the organization of the exam in examination period Spring 2019/2020 valid since 1.6.2020:

The course of Biochemistry II (aZLBC041p) is completed by an exam. Obtaining course-unit credits of practices (aZLBC041c) and seminars (aZLBC041s) is the pre-requisite for registration to the examination of Biochemistry II. Obtaining course-unit credits is conditioned by the full attendance in the 1st – 4th week of the semester and submitting all completed protocols into Homework vaults in IS within the established deadlines. The examination has only an oral part. The official list of examination questions published in the Study materials of aZLBC041p is valid. Three questions will be randomly selected from the three parts of the list. There will be no preparation time before the oral exam. Students are supposed to summarize the substantial and relevant issues. Examiners may ask additional questions. If appropriate, students may use paper and a pen. Exams will take place in the seminar rooms of the Department of Biochemistry in the usual contact mode. During contact examinations, all currently issued hygienical and epidemiological precautions must be fully satisfied. Information will be given in the instructions to the exam that are part of exam dates in IS. Students that are abroad or cannot attend the exam from serious reasons may perform a distant examination using a video call in MS Teams platform, under the same conditions as in the contact exam. Students have the full responsibility for the proper choice and setup of the device for performing the distant exam (article 3a, paragraph 5, Decision of the Dean of Faculty of Medicine, No. 3/2020). Detailed instructions for the distant examination will be given within the instructions to the exam that are included in the examination dates in IS.
Vyučovací jazyk
Angličtina
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